商业秘密犯罪抗制对策论略

在日益发达的经济全球化的信息时代,侵犯商业秘密犯罪正如附生于经济体的“毒瘤”,吞噬着商事企业的健康活力。2009年的“力拓案”让国人对侵犯商业秘密犯罪危害的认识更深了一层,中国此类犯罪的猖獗令人再度警觉。在全球范围内,侵害商业秘密犯罪形势也不容乐观,美德日等国的“商业间谍”屡屡兴风作浪,给全球经济的健康发展造成巨大危害。各国都力图通过一些法律来遏制此类犯罪,中国也应从着手从立法、司法、行政管理、企业管理制度、商业伦理、传统文化等多重层面入手,来构建系统的侵犯商业秘密犯罪的抗制对策体系。     

中国东盟打击跨国犯罪刑事合作机制探析

中国东盟打击跨国犯罪刑事合作是双边政治、经贸发展的需要;已经建立的双边协商机制和法律合作机制是开展打击跨国犯罪的基础。中国和东盟国家已经签署的引渡条约在政治犯罪不引渡、本国国民不引渡等问题规定落后双边打击犯罪现实,亟需改进;中国和东盟国家司法协助形式较单一,需要增加。对于尚未与中国签署引渡条约的国家,由于不能根据国际公约开展引渡合作,只能开创新的合作思路。未来中国东盟打击跨国犯罪刑事合作应当向着建立区域机构、区域统一逮捕令、强化人员培训技术合作以及网络信息建设方向发展。     

略论打击犯罪与保障人权的平衡

诉讼程序上的人权保障,即西方所说的“正当程序”(DueProcess),最早出现在1354年爱德华三世时代,即“凡是剥夺某种个人利益必须保障他享有被告知权、陈述权和倾听的权利”①。起源于程序意义上的人权发展至今,扩大到包括实体意义上的人权保障,乃至终极意义上的人权保障,其中程序意义上的人权保障是核心。2004年3月,第十届全国人民代表大会第二次会议审议通过的宪法修正案,将“国家尊重和保障人权”载入宪法,标志着我国尊重人权的理念走向保障人权的实践。我国《刑事诉讼法》第二条规定刑事诉讼法的任务是打击犯罪、保护人民,表明刑事诉讼法…     

提高犯罪成本遏制公务腐败

反腐败斗争的实践告诉我们,对职务犯罪仅靠打击是不够的,因为打击只是在犯罪行为发生后的补救措施。很大程度上,打击犯罪的效果不仅仅取决于打击的力度,还取决于导致犯罪的社会条件是否同时得到改善。因此,从维护公务活动廉洁性的角度出发,重视消除职务犯罪发生的土壤和条件,通     

论辩诉交易对反贪工作之借鉴

在贪污贿赂等职务犯罪案件的侦查起诉工作中引入辩诉交易制度,可以加大反贪力度,达到遏制和预防腐败的目的。首先是辩诉交易的概念与特征;其次,引入辩诉交易可以从体现司法公正性、完善司法豁免体系和提高司法效益;最后是引入辩诉交易后的司法上如何运作及应遵循的主要原则。     

Trial by Polygraph: Reconsidering the Use of the Guilty Knowledge Technique in Court

Polygraph test results are by and large ruled inadmissible evidence in criminal courts in the US, Canada, and Israel. This is well-conceived with regard to the dominant technique of polygraph interrogation, known as the Control Question Technique (CQT), because it indeed does not meet the required standards for admissible scientific evidence. However, a lesser known and rarely practiced technique, known as the Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT), is capable, if carefully administered, of meeting the recently set Daubert criteria. This paper describes the technique, and argues for considering its admissibility as evidence in criminal courts.     

Big Stick,Little Stick: Strategies for Controlling and Combating Environmental Crime

Environmental offences often have rather obscure victims. At the same time, we know that those crimes commonly regarded as the most serious have clearly visible victims. It is difficult for people to relate to environmental offences in the same way as many traditional crimes, and this makes it easier to commit breaches of the environmental regulations. One element in a control strategy ought therefore to be continuous attempts to discover really serious environmental crimes that are easily communicated to the public. Regulations are followed if we believe that others also do so. If we have a sense that cheating is widespread then group solidarity is weakened, and with it the inclination to abide by the rules. How then do individuals and businessmen develop the perception that control measures are working? This happens primarily by means of a perception that observance of the regulations is being monitored. Broadly based control measures and contacts are therefore of considerable importance. By means of risk assessment procedures, interventions can then be concentrated where they are judged to be most necessary. A broad arsenal of measures is needed to persuade companies to observe the regulations; an arsenal from big stick to little stick, from self-regulation and service to administrative sanction charges and criminal offences.     

心理测试技术的误差分析

心理测试技术测试误差主要来自被测对象、题目编制、测试实施过程等三个相对独立的方面,且随机误差和系统误差的权重也不同。对被测对象的个别化、动态化处理,科学的编题,适当的测前访谈,动态、整体、多因素参考的评图等能有效提高测试准确性。     

测谎结论的民事证据法考察

测谎技术及其装备的发展,为案件侦破、纠纷解决提供了又一途径。但是,我国现行法律及司法解释对测谎结论的证据功能并无规定。面对司法实践的超前和立法的滞后,对测谎结论进行民事证据法的考察,对完善证据立法,提高办案质量,实现民事司法的公正与效率,具有重要的意义。     

西方测谎心理学研究的新进展及其启示

谎言识别是司法心理学中的重要问题。测谎是从通过行为线索识别谎言，从生理线索觉察欺骗。西方心理学中对测谎研究的进展加强测验信度和效度，测谎结果运用的过程中应该注意一些问题。     

The Relationship Between Crime Reporting and Police: Implications for the Use of Uniform Crime Reports

Empirical studies that use reported crime data to evaluate policies for reducing crime will understate the true effectiveness of these policies if crime reporting/recording behavior is also affected by the policies. For instance, when the size of the police force increases, changes in the perceived likelihood that a crime will be solved may lead a higher fraction of victimizations to be reported to the police. In this paper, three data sets are employed to measure the magnitude of this reporting bias. While each of these analyses is subject to individual criticisms, all of the approaches yield similar estimates. Reporting bias appears to be present but relatively small in magnitude: each additional officer is associated with an increase of roughly five Index crimes that previously would have gone unreported. Taking reporting bias into account makes the hiring of additional police substantially more attractive from a cost–benefit perspective but cannot explain the frequent inability of past studies to uncover a systematic negative relationship between the size of the police force and crime rates.     

测谎的法律性质探究

测谎由众多环节组成,同时竞合了讯问、勘验、人身检查、鉴定的部分特征.测谎的法律性质应当由在测谎各环节中居于核心地位的图谱分析来决定.图谱分析是测试人员运用自己的专门知识对案件中的专门性问题进行的分析、判断,具有鉴定的科学属性和法律属性,应当被定位为鉴定.与此同时,由于测谎的测前谈话、图谱采集等环节具有基本权干预性质,测谎的鉴定属性具有一定的特殊性。     

论“使用盗窃”犯罪的立法设置方案

针对窃占房屋、盗用耕牛、盗开汽车、船只、飞机的行为等使用盗窃行为的定性和处理问题,在理论上和实践中存在许多矛盾和难题,理论界争议也很大,需要进一步深入研究.解决这个问题的根本出路,是在刑法上增加设置使用盗窃罪罪名,恰当界定"使用盗窃"的含义,合理设计使用盗窃的法定刑配置.     

在“非议”中成长的测谎理论与实践

测谎是科学技术发展的产物。测谎作为一种科学认识活动，它的质量可控并且具有极大实践价值。因而，无论在侦查破案还是司法审判中都得到了广泛的应用并发挥了不可替代的作用。现实中的“非议”非但没有阻碍测谎技术的发展，相反成为了测谎成长的推动力，为我国关于测谎诉讼制度的发展和完善提出了新的课题。     

三维街景地图在多道仪测试中的应用研究

多道仪测试中的证据探索类测试,在国外常借助地图予以实施,这被称为地图测试法。本文使用三维街景地图替代传统的平面图,取得了明显的成效。在一起重大杀人焚尸扬灰案测试中,为了寻找3年前被抛洒的死者骨灰,作者利用三维街景地图,既改进完善了传统地图测试法,又将街景地图测试的形式推广至情节测试。结果显示,较之图片测试法和视频测试法,三维街景地图测试对被测人更生动形象,刺激效果更好,测试结果令人满意。     

我国污染型环境犯罪因果关系证明方法之综合运用

污染型环境犯罪因果关系事实的证明较为困难,需要结合具体情况综合地运用不同的证明方法。传统的逻辑推理方法和经验法则在污染型环境犯罪因果关系基础事实的证明中是基础性的证明方法。有些污染型环境犯罪因果关系事实的证明则还需要适当运用推定方法,如疫学证明法和间接反证法。     

对新《刑法》第18条的理解与运用

本文就我国新刑法第18条中精神病的涵义,精神病患者刑事责任能力评定,精神病的医学鉴定以及对精神病人的监护治疗问题谈个人看法。供执法者和鉴定工作者在处理有关精神疾病案件时参考。