经济法典:经济法集成化之历史大势

在全面建设社会主义现代化国家的伟大征程中,经济法致力于为国民经济运行提供法律的支撑和保障.制定《经济法典》具有完全的必要性和基本的可行性,展示出经济法集成化的历史大势.未来《经济法典》之中,总则对经济法作出基本定位、提供指导规定,分则包括市场运行法、宏观治理法、供求循环法、收入分配法、安全保障法等系列制度.坚持市场化改...     

欧亚经济联盟框架下海关管控领域犯罪及其刑法规制路径研究

欧亚经济联盟作为复杂的跨国组织机构,其经济体系刑法保护机制的构建必须具备一定前提,即应当对各成员国所面临的现实经济安全威胁及其预防的基本方向进行详实分析,并在此基础上制定和实施切实可行的刑法规制路径,构建欧亚经济安全保障新理念。欧亚经济联盟框架内的动态整合过程,不仅影响各成员国内国政治、经济、社会、法律等领域的发展进程,而且使得打击海关领域犯罪成为各成员国的紧迫任务。海关管控领域的常发型犯罪对同属于"关税同盟"和"欧亚经济联盟"国家的经济安全造成严重威胁。欧亚经济联盟成员国应当在公平正义和罪刑相称原则的基础上,修订本国经济活动领域和海关管控领域犯罪的刑事立法规定,有效打击统一关税空间内的违法犯罪,以保障各成员国的内国经济安全。     

資訊＆數據

3月5日，第十一届全國人民代表大會第四次會議在北京人民大會堂開幕。在圆满完成各项議程後，14日在人民大會堂閉幕。會議表決通過了關於政府工作報告的決議。表決通過了關於國民經濟和社會發展第十二個五年规規劃纲要的決議。表決通過了關於2010年國民經濟和社會發展計劃執行情况舆2011年國經濟和社會發展計劃的決議，     

资讯&数据

正第十二屆全國人民代表大會第二次會議在圓滿完成各項議程後,3月13日上午在人民大會堂閉幕。會議經表決,通過了關於政府工作報告的決議。決議指出,會議充分肯定國務院過去一年的工作,同意報告提出的2014年工作總體部署、目標任務和重點工作,決定批准這個報告。會議表決通過了關於2013年國民經濟和社會發展計劃執行情況與2014年國民經濟和社會發展計劃的決議,決定批准關於2013年國民經濟和社會發展計劃執行情況與2014年國民經濟和社會發展計劃草案的報告,批准2014年國民經濟和社會發展計劃;表決通過了關於2013年中央和地方預算執行情況與2014年中央和地方預算的決議,決定批准關於2013年中央和地方預算執行情況與     

略论构建社会主义和谐社会与经济法的职能作用

经济法是以科学发展观为统领的构建社会主义和谐社会的实践所需的法律系统工程的重要组成部分。经济法调整社会关系的“平衡协调”的特质与构建和谐社会的理念和精神是一致的。这一特质及其“综合性”的特点,对于解决或缓和公平与效率的矛盾,并使之形成良性互动的最佳状态,促进经济社会的协调发展和构建社会主义和谐社会具有现实意义。同时,亦可由此对经济法的作用、地位、与其他相关法律部门的关系等基本问题有进一步的认识。     

中国与东盟经济自由贸易区跨国经济犯罪及其控制策略研究

在中国与东盟经济自由贸易区的合作与发展不断深化和加强的进程中,制度的差异、发展的不平衡、特殊的地理环境等因素让竞争中出现了不法手段乃至犯罪手段,跨国经济犯罪即是其表现之一。跨国经济犯罪是跨国犯罪中最为常见且最为严峻的犯罪,是经济全球化最明显的负面影响。通过对跨国经济犯罪、中国与东盟成员国间跨国经济犯罪现状与原因的分析,进而探求中国与东盟成员国间控制跨国经济犯罪的有效策略。     

Europe's 'Democratic Deficit': The Question of Standards

Arguments about Europe's democratic deficit are really arguments about the nature and ultimate goals of the integration process. Those who assume that economic integration must lead to political integration tend to apply to European institutions standards of legitimacy derived from the theory and practice of parliamentary democracies. We argue that such standards are largely irrelevant at present. As long as the majority of voters and their elected representatives oppose the idea of a European federation, while supporting far-reaching economic integration, we cannot expect parliamentary democracy to flourish in the Union. Economic integration without political integration is possible only if politics and economics are kept as separate as possible. The depoliticisation of European policy-making is the price we pay in order to preserve national sovereignty largely intact. These being the preferences of the voters, we conclude that Europe's 'democratic deficit' is democratically justified.
The expression 'democratic deficit,' however, is also used to refer to the legitimacy problems of non-majoritarian institutions, and this second meaning is much more relevant to a system of limited competences such as the EC. Now the key issues for democratic theory are about the tasks which may be legitimately delegated to institutions insulated from the political process, and how to design such institutions so as to make independence and accountability complementary and mutually supporting, rather than antithetical. If one accepts the 'regulatory model' of the EC, then, as long as the tasks delegated to the European level are precisely and narrowly defined, non-majoritarian standards of legitimacy should be sufficient to justify the delegation of the necessary powers.     

欧亚经济联盟的多重一体化目标及其法治困境

欧亚经济联盟作为区域一体化组织中的新成员,其政治、经济、社会、法律、文化等多重一体化的目标趋势与愿望在不同领域表现出功能性差异,即经济的先导性、政治的战略性、社会认同性、法律保障性、文化融通性等。在全球治理、互联互通和全球产业链正在生成的背景下,如何立足联盟多重发展目标,更好地发挥出欧亚经济联盟的应有作用,尚存诸多法治困境:从超国家制度与主权国家制度的衔接到成员国间的基础性不平衡对一致性规则形成的制约,再到联盟法律与成员国法律对接的阻却性因素的存在,以及联盟从初级一体化规则向高级一体化规则演进的迫切需求等。面向未来,欧亚经济联盟呈现出初级、中级和高级三阶段过程性发展的趋势,基于历史文化的多重合法性根基将促动多重一体化目标的实现,同时决定在国际法治与国内法治的交错并存中构建联盟法制机制,并促动规则治理的深化均是可期的。     

TPP与中国的经济一体化法动向和对策

在APEC框架下进行的TPP（环太平洋战略性经济合作协定）是一种广域经济一体化的实践,突破了传统的区域经济一体化法的地理邻接性的空间限制,而其中的美国、日本等国的动向对中国经济贸易发展有重大影响,因此中国有必要在战略高度上审视其经济一体化对策,积极应对TPP带来的新挑战。从国家利益出发权衡利弊,中国应该积极参与到TPP谈判进程中。     

Agreements of Economic Integration and the Choice of National Environmental Policies

This paper analyzes the question whether and in which respect agreements of (regional) economic integration affect the choice of environmental policies by individual countries. We focus our interdisciplinary analysis on the agreements of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the European Union (EU) and the European Economic Area (EEA). We find that these agreements primarily restrict a country's choice among possible instruments to achieve a certain environmental level or target, but do, in principle, not restrict its choice with regard to the environmental target or level itself. We also show that this type of restriction is likely to benefit the individual countries and the world as a whole because it tends to promote the implementation of more efficient environmental policy instruments. A brief analysis of the case of Switzerland illustrates this point.     

Legislative-policy initiatives as a problem-solving process: The case of technology transfer

Legislative and policy initiatives can be viewed as a problem-solving process that includes the following steps: [1] problem identification, [2] identification of objectives, [3] strategies, [4] evaluation of strategies, [5] decision(s), and [6] implementation. This paper uses policies related to technology transfer as a “test case” issue area. It identifies four historical phases for technology transfer—extension service, space-defense spin-off, intergovermental, international, and technology commercialization—and their related objectives. Seven technology-transfer models are presented for accomplishing these objectives: intermediary mechanisms, decentralized invention management, cooperative research, patent waivers, personal incentives, personnel-exchange programs, and foreign patent rights. Actual examples, evaluation criteria, and resulting decisions are subsequently presented. Finally, implementation issues (regulations, technical assistance and training, and financial considerations) are discussed. Sally A. Rood, a public-sector consultant, recently co-authored a handbook on technology transfer for the US Conference of Mayors. She produces a series of bi-monthly bulletins on economic development for the Academy for State and Local Government and the National Council for Urban Economic Development. She is working on her Ph.D. in Public Administration.     

List of Contributors

The emergence of regional parliamentary assemblies (RPAs) in Africa has been on the ascendancy since the mid-twentieth century. The essence of these parliaments is to contribute to regional economic and political integration through oversight, legislation and representation. However, the ability of Africa's RPAs to perform these functions has been challenged by institutional and legal factors. Using five regional parliaments (the East African Legislative Assembly, the Economic Community of West African States Parliament, the Inter-Parliamentary Union of Intergovernmental Authority on Development, the Pan-African Parliament and the South African Development Community Parliamentary Forum) as case studies, this paper examines the impact of these challenges on the functionality and viability of Africa's RPAs. It finds that given that these parliaments lack legitimacy of authority and enabling status of operation, they exist merely as deliberative, consultative and advisory bodies rather than independent organs of regional economic communities with full legislative and oversight powers. Consequently, the paper recommends, among other things, the amendment of their constitutive acts to grant them full legislative and oversight functions, and the election of their members by universal adult suffrage in order to give them legitimacy of authority.     

经济全球化背景下我国银行业经营体制的重构

经济全球化是21世纪世界经济最显著的特征。中国加入WTO标志着更加全面深入地融入世界经济。在经济全 球化背景下,中国现有的银行业经营体制必将面临根本变革。这种变革既是对其历史选择的必然结果,也是对其 经济透视、法律分析的必然结论。     

Eurasian Economic Union: present and future perspectives

This paper analyzes the economic and political situation in the Eurasian Economic Union. The basic question is why it was created after the failure of all previous integration projects in the Commonwealth of Independent States and Central Asian region? The paper examines the effects and opportunities for the regional economy of economic sanctions imposed on Russia and of Russian counter-sanctions. It also analyzes relations between the Eurasian Economic Union and the European Union and draws perspectives and policy implications for their future relations.     

The long-term volume of East Europe's foreign trade: An estimate

The transformation process of East European (EE) countries led to the disappearance of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, the former Soviet-bloc economic integration scheme, as well as to other changes in the foreign trade sector of those economies. This study seeks to identify the potential long run modifications in the volume of trade of EE countries by using a well-established model employed in the foreign trade literature, the gravity equation. Quantitative results suggest that in the next decades trade between East and West European countries could double from its present level.     

确实发生了误读——与李昌庚先生商榷

从经济法、民商法、行政法与市场经济的关系入手,探讨在市场经济建立过程中经济法、民商法和行政法所扮演的角色,并论证“转轨经济法”提出的客观现实社会经济基础,对反驳“转轨经济法”的观点进行了较为详尽的正本清源,明确“转轨经济法”之所以在中国现阶段取代“市场经济法”来构建中国市场经济的原因。     

The challenge of economic integration in the MENA region: from GAFTA and EU-MFTA to small scale Arab Unions

After a 30 years period of trials and errors in creating an Arab economic space for just independent countries and an insufficient implementation of the Euro-Mediterranean Free Trade Agreement (EU-MFTA), the economies of the MENA region have recently relied back on sub-regional trading blocks (Arab Unions) to succeed in opening and developing their economies. From a theoretical point of view this tendency is rising a debate on the possibility, for the Arab countries, to enjoy the dynamic effects that emerge from the internationalization process (like an increasing rate of investment, a higher intra-industry trade and reduced balance of payments distortions), given the structure and the performance of their economies. The aim of the paper is to present the contemporary trends of the economic integration process among the countries of the MENA Region in connection with the wider perspective adopted in the debate on this topic. A closer look at the intra-Arab flows of goods and services will thus enable us to appraise some facts concerning the process of internationalization of MENA economies, revealing an unexpected dynamism in the lights of “deep integration” perspective. On this base an account of the renewed bilateralism in economic relations will be provided.     

非公经济产权之刑法保护:缺陷与改进

随着社会主义市场经济的不断发展与完善,全面而自由的市场竞争机制已成为社会经济发展的重要动力。然而,由于我国经济体制的特殊性,市场经济取代计划经济后,相应的法律制度并未随之修正,立法与司法对非公有制经济仍存在歧视性对待。司法实践中对非公经济财产处置乱象的问题仍然存在,并严重威胁非公经济主体的持续经营。从产权保护理论来讲,平等保护各经济主体的财产权利是消除"制度壁垒"的有效方式,应建立平等的犯罪构成要件以及合理的刑罚结构,明确界定涉案财物的范围,提升对非公有制财产权利的保护力度。规范司法工作人员的办案程序,依照法律规定的权限、程序处置涉案财物并建立相应的权利人申诉与救济措施,将平等保护原则贯穿于法律制定、实施的整个过程中,切实保障非公有制经济的合法产权,才能使社会主义经济良性发展。     

Estimating production gains from international cooperation: Evidence from countries along the Belt and Road

Economic Change and Restructuring - The pros and cons of economic cooperation and integration have often been debated in the literature. Trade theory suggests that national economies could benefit...     

论经济一体化对国际法和国内法的影响

目前 ,在全球和区域两个层面 ,经济一体化的发展正如火似荼 ,并取得了辉煌的成就 ,而以区域一体化为最。经济一体化必然会对国际法和国内法产生巨大的影响 ,同时国际法和国内法的相应变革也是保障经济一体化成果并促进经济一体化进一步发展的需要。在适应和调整由于经济一体化各国日益密切的经济关系的过程中 ,国际法不断地国内化 ,反过来国内法也不断地国际化 ,这种互动使得国际法和国内法的界限不再清晰 ,全球范围内的法律规范不断朝着日益趋同甚至统一的方向前进。