Popular Nationalism and China’s Japan Policy: the Diaoyu Islands protests, 2012–2013

2012–2013 witnessed a renewed flare-up of anti-Japanese sentiment in Mainland China, followed by a toughening of the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) Diaoyu Islands policy. Did popular nationalism influence the PRC’s military escalation? A lack of transparency in elite Chinese decision-making puts a definitive answer to this question beyond our reach. However, this article utilizes qualitative and quantitative analyses of anti-Japanese discourse and deeds in both cyberspace and on the streets of urban China to argue that the circumstantial evidence is compelling: nationalist opinion is a powerful driver of China’s Japan policy. The demands of nationalist legitimation appear to pressure the elite to respond to popular nationalism. Should one or more Chinese die at the hands of the Japanese navy or air force, therefore, the popular pressure for escalation and war will likely be more than China’s leaders can manage.     

Comparing Jiang Zemin's Impatience with Hu Jintao's Patience Regarding the Taiwan Issue, 1989–2012

Although the essence of China's Taiwan policy has not changed from the era of Jiang Zemin to the present, the era of Hu Jintao, Jiang's and Hu's attitudes are different. Jiang was impatient with the delay in the unification of China and Taiwan, talking about timetables for unification; however, Hu has so far been patient, saying that he is not afraid of delaying unification. The purpose of this paper is to explain why their attitudes are different. I argue that two factors combine to result in Jiang's impatience and Hu's patience: conflicting ‘perceptions of Taiwan's domestic politics and Taiwan's China policy’ and differing ‘perceptions of the US behavior and attitude regarding Taiwan’.     

Seminar on Rewi Alley, George Hogg and the Gung Ho Movement

A Seminar on Rewi Alley, George Hogg andthe Gung Ho Movementjointly sponsoredby the International Committee for the Promo-tion of Chinese Industrial Cooperatives (ICCIC),the RewiAlley Memorial Foundation for Indus-trial Cooperatives and the Chinese People's As-sociation for Friendship with Foreign Countries     

The Revival of Confucianism and the CCP's Struggle for Cultural Leadership: a content analysis of the People's Daily, 2000–2009

The revival of Confucianism in the first decade of the twenty-first century is a political phenomenon that cannot be ignored with regard to its social influence and the particular meaning it has brought to China. However, so far, there has not been much academic research into the political reasons for this revival at a deeper level. Based on the 228 articles published in the People's Daily in the years between 2000 and 2009, a content analysis is conducted on how Confucianism was represented in this authoritative official medium. The examination of the role that Confucianism plays in the construction of the socialist ‘advanced culture’ provides a clear lens to observe the role of Confucianism in the Chinese political ideology, which is still rooted and based on Marxism–Leninism. This research is aimed at clarifying how Confucianism was pragmatically promoted by the government of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) with the purpose of securing its cultural leadership. This state-led promotion reveals the vulnerability of the political status of Confucianism in contemporary China and its unsecured future.     

China's Evolving Views of the Korean–American Alliance, 1953–2012

This article reconstructs an ideational trajectory in which China's views of the Korean–American alliance evolved during the last 60 years. The article first surveys China's general policy toward alliance and alliance-making. The article then traces the evolutionary path of Chinese views in the following four periods: (1) the Cold War era (1950s–1960s); (2) transformative years (early 1970s–mid-1990s); (3) the period of a strained alliance (late 1990s–late 2000s); and (4) an era of great reversal (late 2000s–present). Principally, the article suggests that China's view of the Korean–American alliance was intense antagonism during the Cold War era, although it was significantly watered down during the transformative years of Sino–South Korean rapprochement. With the normalization of relations between Beijing and Seoul in 1992 and a decade of progressive rule (1998–2007) in South Korea, China's view encompassed some wishful thinking about a gradually diluted alliance. The strong comeback of the conservatives in South Korean politics since 2008, however, shattered such optimism and re-awoke Beijing to some cold realities. China's view of the Korea–American alliance may grow more negative in tandem with US–China relations, irrespective of the official rhetoric of sovereignty regarding alliance and alliance-making.     

Reinterpreting the Sino–Japanese War: 1939–1940, peasant mobilisation,and the road to the PRC

The War of Resistance to Japan (1937–1945) has long been recognised as the most important stage in the Chinese Communist Party's rise to power in 1949. Particularly in its North China base areas, the Chinese Communist Party is said to have pursued moderate, inclusive, and mobilisatory tactics during the war years to build a movement for national salvation from the bottom up, which eventually led to the establishment of the People's Republic of China. The evidence from the heart of the Taihang Base Area suggests the possibility of another contrasting history, masked by current interpretations, in which 1939–1940 was a crucial turning point in that process. Starting in September 1939, and for the following six months, there is evidence of more explicitly revolutionary endeavour. The Chinese Communist Party seized power locally from its allies and destroyed the opposition; it engaged in violent land reform and wealth redistribution; and it attempted to proletarianise itself. Understanding the causes of these phenomena and their consequences in one of the most important front-line base areas provides new perspectives on both the course of the war with Japan and the Chinese Communist Party's eventual success.     

Judicial Protection and Restorative Justice of the Support Rights and Interests for the Elderly Rights——Taking the Sample of Judgement Documents from 2013-2018 as Analysis Object

The support rights and interests of the elderly is one of the core issues of an aging society.Judging from the judgment documents on support dispute cases in recent years,maintenance disputes mainly occur in the kinship structure of parents and children,the support obligators are mainly men,the content of support is mainly material appeals.In the judicial process,there are some characteristics worth studying,such as lawyers,intervention,judges,thinking,reasoning and expression.In view of this,the current development direction of the judicial protection of elderly's rights and interests in China should be carried out around the goal of "restorative justice" and efforts should be made,such concept renewal,system improvement and spiritual support prospect.     

From Lao Committee for Peace, Solidarity and Friendship with the People

Mr. President, On the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese People's Association of Friendship with Foreign Countries, on behalf of the Lao Committee for Peace, Solidarity and Friendship with the People, I would like to extend my warm congratulations to you and through you to the leaders and all members of your association.     

Student–Teacher Relationships Matter for School Inclusion: School Belonging,Disability, and School Transitions

For students with disabilities, the process of school inclusion often begins with a move from segregated settings into general education classrooms. School transitions can be stressful as students adjust to a new environment. This study examines the adjustment of 133 students with and without disabilities who moved from a school that served primarily students with disabilities into 23 public schools in a large urban school district in the Midwest. These students and 111 of their teachers and other school staff rated the degree that students felt they belonged in their new schools and the quality of their social interactions. Results show that students who experienced more positive and fewer negative social interactions with school staff had higher school belonging. Teachers accurately noted whether students felt they belonged in their new settings, but were not consistently able to identify student perceptions of negative social interactions with staff. Implications for inclusion and improving our educational system are explored.     

Olympic Update The venue for the Olympic boating,canoeing and swimming events is virtually completed

The construction of the Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park,which will be the venue for the boat-ing, canoeing and swimming events at the Olympics and     

Returnees and their Political Impact: evidence from returned students and trainees from the Soviet Union in China, 1950–1966

This paper will study one of the unique population movements in modern history: the circular movement of students and trainees between China and the Soviet Union from 1950 to 1966. This population movement includes more than 38,000 Chinese who were trained by the leading Soviet Union industrial enterprises, research centers and institutions of higher learning. These returned students and trainees from the Soviet Union captured a considerable number of prominent positions in the Chinese leadership from the 1980s to the 1990s. The explanation of their political impact relies on the domestic country's politics and international context.     

Let Us Join Hands to Promote the Peaceful Development of Cross Straits Relations and Strive with a United Will for the Great Renaissance of the Chinese Nation —— Speech at a Forum Marking the 30th Anniversary of the Issuance of the Message to Our Compatriots in Taiwan

Comrades and Friends
Tomorrow is New Year＇s Day of the year 2009. It is on just such festive occasions as this that we miss our nearest and dearest the most. Accordingly now, on behalf of the people of all ethnic groups on the mainland of our motherland, I would like to extend our sincerest greetings and heartfelt felicitations to our compatriots in Taiwan!     

Further Reform and Opening-up——A Must for Integration into the World Economy An Interview with Xue Rongjiu, Vice-Chairman of the China Society for World Trade Organization Studies

THE year 2011 marks the 10th anniversary of China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO). Benefiting from the rules of the WTO, China's foreign trade and economic strength have fueled its rapid development during the past decade. The rules propelled China to not only undertake further reform and opening-up, but also improve its market economy system. China Today (CT) were granted an exclusive interview with Xue     

Appropriate Attitude and Principle for Strengthening Human Rights Protection——Speech at the opening ceremony of the 12th Sino-German Human Rights Symposium,July 13, 2014

<正>Since 1999,there have been 11 Sino-German Human Rights symposiums.Due to the concept of peace and development and the principle of dialogue through consultation,nonconfrontation and pragmatism with equality,which have been upheld by organizers,such symposiums have made great achievements.The     

Speech by Mr. Tang Jiaxuan, State Councilor of China, at the Opening Ceremony of the 13th Annual Workshop of the Framework on Regional Cooperation for the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in the Asia-Pacific Region

Beijing, 30 August 2005Ms. Louise Arbour, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Distinguished Representatives and Diplomatic Envoys, Ladies and Gentlemen, On behalf of the Chinese Govern- ment, let me begin by offering our sincere congratulations on the open- ing of the 13th Annual Workshop of the Framework on Regional Cooper- ation for the Promotion and Protec- tion of Human Rights in the Asia- Pacific Region. Let me also take this opportunity to extend a warm wel- come to you, M…     

From the UN Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings——The Past,Present, and Future of International Human Rights Protection

The UN Charter first of all affirmed the basic concept of international protection of human rights and opened up a broad space for international protection of human rights. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is an important document in the development of the international human rights cause. It established a set of international standards for basic human rights, represents the world's most important consensus on human rights, and contributes greatly to the creation of an international human rights legal system. The important theory put forward by President Xi Jinping to build a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings, as a Chinese program for today s global major issues, also outlines a new blueprint for national human rights protection and will play a major role in promoting the development of China's human rights and international human rights protection.     

Gearing Up for the Fair——Promoters are attracting overseas attention to the upcoming annual international investment and trade fair in Xiamen,southeast China

As the 10th China International Fair for Investment and Trade (CIFIT) draws near, a variety of promotional events are being intensively planned by the CIFIT organizing committee. The fair starts September 8, and in a bid to further raise the level of the exposition and better integrate it into the     

Migration for Prosperity： Human Rights Theory and Practice Reflected in the Whole-village Relocation of Ethnic Minorities in Lincang,Yunnan Province

Since 2003, the Municipality of Lincang in China＇s Yunnan Province has launched a whole-village relocation project, which has un- precedentedly changed the living conditions of tens of thousands of ethnic minority people and greatly improved their cultural life. Lincang＇s practice is an effec- tive response to Article 13.1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states： ＂Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each State.＂ It has thus enriched the theory of the right to free migration.     

Create an International Environment for the Peaceful and Steady Development to Boost the Sound Development of Human Rights on the International Stage——An Address at the Opening Ceremony of the 7th Beijing Forum on Human Rights,Spet. 17, 2014

<正>Since its initiation in 2008,the Beijing Forum on Human Rights has been bent on promoting our mutual understanding and expanding our common grounds.It has carried out very fruitful exchanges and researches around many important questions concerning human rights development,and hence attained great achievements.It has played a