阿富汗:重建路漫漫

2001年10月7日,美军对阿富汗发动了空袭行动,就此拉开了"反恐战争"的序幕.在阿富汗北方联盟配合下,美军迅速推翻了塔利班.2002年11月,在联合国特使普拉西米主持下,阿富汗问题多方磋商会议在德国波恩举行,阿富汗四个主要派别的代表参加会议,并于12月5日签署了关于建立阿过渡政府的协议,阿富汗重建正式启动.5年来,美国一直把阿富汗标榜为"向民主过渡的典范",将阿富汗重建作为用民主改造伊斯兰世界的"样板工程".然而,5年过去了,这个国家的"民主法治"局面仅能维持在首都喀布尔,其他地区同塔利班统治时期无甚区别.那些5年前曾经对国家前途寄予厚望的阿富汗人,如今发现西方人为他们描绘的自由民主的阿富汗不过是乌托邦.     

Where does your coffee dollar go?: The division of income and surplus along the coffee commodity chain

This article analyzes the division of the total income and surplus generated along the coffee commodity chain during the period 1971–1995. Until the late 1980s, coffee growers and producing states retained over a third of the total income and about half of the total surplus that was available. This was due in part to the collective actions of coffee-producing states, which led to the imposition of a regulatory regime involving export quotas, creating rents for the producing countries. By the late 1980s, coffee TNCs had consolidated their control over core markets, and began to use their market power to increase their shares of both income and surplus. This shift was greatly accelerated by the breakdown of the export quota regime in 1989. The article concludes that these results necessitate a reformulation of commodity chain analysis. John M. Talbot received his doctorate in sociology from UC, Berkeley, this year. His dissertation is titled “Grounds for Agreement: The Political Economy of the Coffee Commodity Chain.” This is a revised version of a paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Washington, D.C., August 19–23, 1995. Portions of this analysis were also presented at the annual meeting of the Pacific Sociological Association, San Francisco, April 6–8, 1995.     

伟人业绩辉映千秋——纪念邓小平逝世10周年

世纪伟人邓小平辞世10周年了.岁月的流逝只会增添我们对他的怀念和感激.邓小平的一生波澜壮阔,他的才能、智慧和韬略,理论、业绩和风范,构成了一部丰富多彩的百科全书,让我们学之不止、取之不尽、用之不竭.笔者曾写过多篇关于邓小平的文章,每动笔一次便经受一次教育.本文拟从10年来世界局势发生的重大变化,来探讨一下这位伟大战略家有关国际问题理论的科学价值与深远影响.