Blaming the jews

His most recent publication is Interminority Affairs in the U.S.: The Challenge of Pluralism,a special issue of The Annals of the American Academy of Social and Political Science.He is author of Mainstreams and Margins: Jews, Blacks, and Other Americans,published by Transaction.     

Economic calculation in the Soviet Union

The article seeks to analyse the relationship between different forms of economic calculation in the Soviet Union, concentrating on monetary calculations used by the State Bank and on the use of ‘material balances’ and of input‐output analysis in planning the Soviet economy. It provides a critique of Bettelheim's analysis of the role of monetary calculation in the Soviet Union and, using the work of Lavigne, attempts to provide a foundation for a specific analysis of economic calculation (and hence, relations of production) in the Soviet Union. The article concludes by arguing that the variety of methods of calculating used in the Soviet Union, and the generation of ‘needs’ by organisational exigencies which may not be fully taken into account in the main methods of calculation, undermine the common conception of planning as the rational pursuit of certain ideal ends, a conception which is unfortunately still influential in many socialist conceptions of planning. Finally, in rejecting the view that one can conceive of socialism as a certain ideal state of affairs, the article argues that political critiques of the Soviet Union do not entail the rejection of the view that it is a socialist society.     

Women in contemporary Soviet society

What enables democracies to succeed has much in common with what enables other forms of modern rule to succeed: notably the capacity for effective military selfdefence and the reasonably efficient functioning of a domestic economy. When the factors favouring the success of any form of modern regime are broken down, most of them may readily be secured for a time under autocratic rule, and none is strucurally ensured by democratic rule. At present there is good reason to believe that the special advantages of democratic rule - above all the heuristic merits of open and competitive political deliberation - at least offset the inherent disadvantages long ago identified by its enemies. The distinctive preconditions for the success of democratic regimes are furnished, if at all, only by the workings of democracy itself. They are both instances and products of success in learning how to live freely as, and within, a large collectivity. That outcome can be menaced or precluded by the causal properties of ill-conceived institutions. But it can only be brought about by free and practically intelligent political action. This is a task for citizens and career politicians, not a potential gift from the social sciences.     

Facing reality in the George Bush era

where he is Mallinckrodt Distinguished University Professor. He was Ronald Reagan’s first chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers. He is author of the recently published Rendezvous with Reality: The American Economy After Reagan,and coauthor of Public Policy toward Corporate Takeovers.     

The Soviet constitution

Text Reviewed:

Pierre et Marie Lavigne Regards sur la Constitution sovietique de 1977, Economica, Collection Politique Comparée, Paris 1979.     

试论当代人的认识的社会化

当代社会正处于信息化、全球化的历史发展阶段。与此相联系,人的认识也成为一种高度社会化的活动:首先是认识主体的社会化,表现为初始教育社会化、社会学习终生化、交往通道多元化、合作关系紧密化;其次是认识客体的社会化,表现为生成和发展社会化、存在形态多样化、发挥的作用日益增强;再次是认识活动的社会化,表现为认识课题社会化、认识过程社会化、成果应用和转化社会化。     

论新时代坚定马克思主义信仰

中国特色社会主义进入新时代,坚定马克思主义信仰是一个重大而紧迫的时代课题。新时代坚定马克思主义信仰,一要坚定辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的哲学信仰,二要坚定共产主义远大理想和中国特色社会主义共同理想,三要坚持以人民为中心,四要投身新时代中国特色社会主义伟大实践。     

苏联解体的戈尔巴乔夫因素

苏联社会主义模式是人类发展道路上的奇葩,它使落后国家短期内走上工业化道路。面对苏联社会中的严重矛盾,戈尔巴乔夫上台后试图开辟新局面。他在苏联尚未作好改革准备的情况下,短期内进行全面改革,最终无力控制局势,导致苏联解体。