解读波兰

2003年5月30日,美国总统布什夫妇前往圣彼得堡参加建城300周年纪念活动,他们的“空军一号”座机飞经波兰上空时,特意在古都克拉科夫降落,作一天逗留。在克拉科夫瓦韦尔王宫的集会上布什总统专门感谢波兰大     

Political knowledge in Poland

Using Polish panel data from 1998, 2003, and 2008, I examine people's knowledge of the governing parties of the Sejm in 2003. I focus on ability, opportunity, and motivation to explain political knowledge. I also examine the effects of knowledge on changes in political attitudes and behaviors from 2003 to 2008. Major sources of political knowledge are prior political interest and the change in interest from 1998 to 2003, political experience, and cognitive ability. There also exists a substantial gender gap in knowledge. Finally, political knowledge leads to changes in political interest, alienation, democratic attitudes, and voting behavior.     

波兰国家行政监察体制

在中东欧国家中,波兰的国家行政监察体制也许是最完备的.在经济体制从计划经济向市场经济转轨的过程中,波兰大大加强了国家行政监督体制,使之在政治、经济生活中发挥着不可取代的作用,并赢得了良好的社会信誉.     

Residual history: memory and activism in modern Poland

This article examines the divide between national and local collective memory in Poland and investigates the role of “memory activists” in mediating and exploiting this divide. It narrows its focus to the ethnic cleansing of Poles by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) from 1943 to 1944 and the forced relocation of Ukrainians in Poland, Operation Vistula, in 1947. It surveys local and national newspapers to understand competing interpretations and analyzes what incidents (e.g. protests, disputes, commemorations, reenactments, etc.) related to these events take place in local communities. It highlights the many actors, “memory activists,” and associations involved in pushing specific, often ahistorical, interpretations of these events – motivated by political gain, careerism, or personal conviction. It uses the theoretical works of Maurice Halbwachs and Karl Mannheim to effectively distinguish between local and national phenomenon and to elucidate the various nuances of collective memory.