Human capital,institutional quality and industrial upgrading: global insights from industrial data

The tendency for human capital to accumulate and for institutional quality to improve as countries develop is well documented. This paper investigates the association of these changes with the evolution of industrial structure toward greater manufacturing sophistication. The empirical analysis is based on a newly constructed panel dataset for 15 industrial categories in 92 countries over the period 1970–2010. The results suggest that the extent to which increased tertiary human capital promotes industrial upgrading is contingent on the level of institutional quality, as measured by an index over size of government, legal structure, access to sound money, freedom to trade and market regulations. Institutional quality is found to be complementary to tertiary human capital in promoting the relative growth of advanced manufacturing.     

ILO training for industrial court judges

In this article Jane Hodges, Senior Labour Law Specialist, International Labour Office, examines the role of the International Labour Organization in improving the response of the labour court system to the challenges of HIV/AIDS.     

Avoiding the internet of insecure industrial things

Security incidents such as targeted distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks on power grids and hacking of factory industrial control systems (ICS) are on the increase. This paper unpacks where emerging security risks lie for the industrial internet of things, drawing on both technical and regulatory perspectives. Legal changes are being ushered by the European Union (EU) Network and Information Security (NIS) Directive 2016 and the General Data Protection Regulation 2016 (GDPR) (both to be enforced from May 2018). We use the case study of the emergent smart energy supply chain to frame, scope out and consolidate the breadth of security concerns at play, and the regulatory responses. We argue the industrial IoT brings four security concerns to the fore, namely: appreciating the shift from offline to online infrastructure; managing temporal dimensions of security; addressing the implementation gap for best practice; and engaging with infrastructural complexity. Our goal is to surface risks and foster dialogue to avoid the emergence of an Internet of Insecure Industrial Things.     

Linking industrial modernization evaluation with state policy-making

This paper discusses the role of modernization programs in the context of state economic development strategy. It argues that state governments will view modernization dollars as one element of overall economic development expenditures. Thus, it is important for modernization programs not just to show that they impact firm-level change, but also to show how much they add to gross state product, job creation, and wages compared to competing expenditures for state dollars. *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A2974031 00005     

Technology transfer and industrial development in Taiwan

Taiwan, in spite of its limited land and natural resources, has achieved remarkable economic growth during the past four decades. Taiwan's gross domestic product (GDP) has grown 40 times and its industrial production has increased 87 times. The Industrial Technology Research Institute of Taiwan (ITRI) has played important roles in transferring applied technologies to industry. This diffusion of technologies, along with the government's efforts toward industrialization, has helped create a strong national economy in Taiwan.     

机械性损伤的致伤物推断

致伤物推断是法医损伤鉴定中的重要内容,也是法医病理学家的重要研究领域。致伤物推断主要是从创口形态、创内残留物、附着物以及可疑致伤物上的附着物三个角度进行。目前随着多种先进检测方法在法医损伤鉴定中的相继应用,使得致伤物推断获得较大进展,受到国内外专家的关注,创口形态观察从宏观到微观,射击残留物的检测从无机成份到有机成份,从单一的成份分析到与形态学相结合。本文总结了近十年来国内外致伤物推断的研究方法与内容,旨在对该方面的研究进展进行总结,阐明研究的主要成果及存在的问题,为法医检案提供帮助。     

Utilization of fixed capital and Soviet industrial growth

Growth rates of output and factor productivity in Soviet industry fluctuate around a long-term downward trend. These fluctuations can be partially explained by fluctuations in the growth of services of capital. The capacity utilization rate is taken as a proxy for the extent of utilization of capital stock. Variations in the capacity utilization rate explain a significant part of the changes in the rate of growth of total factor productivity between 1970–1983. Declines in the capacity utilization rate are caused by errors in the allocation of investment, which create an imbalance of capacities between raw-materials and manufacturing sectors.     

New techniques for the forensic and industrial analyst

A joint meeting of the Royal Society of Chemistry, the Association of Consulting Scientists and the Forensic Science Society was held on 14 February 1987 at St John's Hall, Monck Street, London SW1. The morning session was chaired by Dr RL Williams, Director of the Metropolitan Police Forensic Science Laboratory, and the afternoon session by Mr WG Simpson, President of the Association of Consulting Scientists. In his introduction, Dr Williams expressed the hope that the coming together of the various areas of interest represented in the programme would be productive for all those involved. Mr Simpson closed the meeting with the observation that the title had reflected well the pattern of new and varied techniques presented.     

Intra-company technology transfer in a multinational industrial firm

Little literature has been developed to describe the process of transferring a corporation's technology between international units of that company for ultimate transfer to their external customers (Kimberly 1981 and Leonard-Barton and Sinha 1993). This paper addresses the issues at Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. involved in the transfer of applications technology. Technology is transferred from the unit of the corporation which develops the technology to international affiliates and subsidiaries. The ultimate goal is the support of product sales to the external industrial customer. A strategy for this type of organization is described which is supported by references to theoretical constructs in the literature and empirical observations from the organization itself.     

Knowledge flows from public science to industrial technologies

The Journal of Technology Transfer - Scientific research has been acknowledged as an important knowledge resource for developing technologies. However, little is known about the heterogeneous...     

Copyright protection of a work of industrial design

The Court of Florence retained jurisdiction over a case of industrialdesign infringement in which a cross-border injunction was grantedto restrain the defendants from further distribution and saleof a work of design, including exporting, publishing, sellingonline, and abroad.     

船员工伤救济法律问题研究

由于船员工作的特殊性和风险性,现行法并不足以为船员工伤提供应有的救济。船员法应基于救济的及时性和充分性,明确船员工作的性质及船员工伤的认定标准、船员工伤保险赔偿请求权与侵权损害赔偿请求权的关系、保赔保险赔款的归属、劳务派遣时船员工伤的救济权,确立可行的程序性权利,并从海事行政监管的角度来保障船员工伤救济权益。     

An original cause of drowning in an industrial environment

We describe an original case of drowning in a wax tank in an industrial setting. The causes of death were multiple, with the association of drowning, mechanical asphyxia, and extensive superficial burns. To our knowledge, it is the first report of drowning in wax, and only 7 previous related observations of drowning in industrial environments were reported in the international literature. These accidents are more often fatal, with multiple associated causes of death due to the incriminated media. Although exceptional, these serious accidents must be prevented in potentially risky industries.     

Policing the industrial reserve army: An international study

Over the past three decades, the industrialized world has witnessed four resilient social trends: (1) the consistent erosion of union-membership; (2) an increase in income polarization and inequality; (3) a dramatic resurgence in popular protest; and (4) a steady rise in public and private policing employment. In this paper, we examine the relationship between these trends by theorizing and operationalizing the notion of the “industrial reserve army” and a series of related tenets in order to conduct an international (N = 45), empirical test of a nascent Marxian model of policing. By treating total policing employment as an empirical barometer of bourgeois insecurity we find that this insecurity is conditioned by two elements of Marxian political economy: (1) relative deprivation (income inequality) and (2) the rise of an industrial reserve army (manufacturing employment and unemployment). Second, while surplus value and labour militancy (strikes and lockouts per 100,000 population) rise along with union membership, the presence of higher rates of unionization appears to ameliorate the need for more policing in all but post-USSR countries. While unions assist in checking the immiseration of workers through labour actions, union membership is nonetheless inversely correlated to policing employment, giving credence to the Marxian idea that while unions help mitigate against the exploitation workers, they also act as “lieutenants of capital,” performing an essential policing function under capitalism.     

吉林与江苏工业产业结构比较研究

本文通过吉林与江苏两省的产业结构比较研究,找出两省各自的工业产业结构特点,以及吉林省的工业产业结构所折射出的吉林省经济发展中所存在的问题,并提出了解决的措施和建议。