年鉴条目的文体与文风

年鉴,是系统汇辑上一年度重要文献信息、逐年编纂并连续出版的资料性工具书.由于年鉴的性质和功能,年鉴大多为条目体,决定其条目的文体及文风.条目的记述文体与其它相近文体不同,而准确、简洁、质朴应为条目文风的要旨.     

浅谈企业文化与经营管理层文化和职工文化

企业文化是经营管理层文化和职工文化的复合体。经营管理层文化和职工文化是互相合作、相互包容、构建和谐、共谋企业发展的关系;它们两者和,则企业兴;它们两者不和,则企业易衰。建设先进的企业文化,必须适应社会主义市场经济发展的需要,注重不断凝练和吸收经营管理层和职工文化中先进的和积极健康的思想、信念、价值取向和精神状态。     

国有企事业单位非正式职工工会组建和权益保障的现状与思考

随着企业竞争的加剧,大量非正式职工被充实到国有企事业单位的职工队伍里,他们对国企的改革和发展发挥着积极作用.但由于受到计划体制下传统观念的影响,这部分职工在加入工会组织、合法权益保障方面没能享有与正式职工相同的待遇,在一定程度上阻碍了他们积极性和创造性的发挥.各级党、政、工应从稳定职工队伍,促进国企发展的高度,重视和加强国企非正式职工的工会组建和权益保障工作,最大限度地把他们组织到工会中来,维护其合法权益.     

关于大学生思想政治状况调查与思考

为了全面、客观、准确地了解和分析当前大学生的思想政治状况,把握其思想动态,不断增强学生思想教育工作的适应性、有效性和针对性,做好新形势下大学生思想教育工作,唐山师范学院学工部对在校学生的思想政治状况进行了一次较为深入的调查了解。根据调查了解的情况,提出了新时期加强大学生思想政治教育的对策意见。     

促进企业发展、维护职工权益,互利双赢的维权观

“和谐发展,互利双赢”的理念,是中国特色社会主义工会维权观的原则之一。从历史的沿革、现实的经济基础和制度基础看,实现互利双赢,构建社会主义和谐劳动关系既有迫切的必要性,又有现实的可能性。尽管在构建社会主义和谐劳动关系上存在着诸多矛盾和问题,但劳动关系双方可以通过调节实现合作,促进企业发展,维护职工权益,达到互利共赢。现阶段,在构建和谐劳动关系中要防止双方利益的失衡,对劳动者权益的维护要充分考虑劳动力的发展权。     

Migration and modes of exploitation: Social origins of immobility and mobility

Migration has been the subject of considerable research in recent years, much of it conducted by economists. This paper is an attempt to provide the basis of a general, materialist framework for research on population mobility. As such it pays particular attention to changing mechanisms of exploitation, which are typically ignored in conventional studies of migration. This article focuses on pre‐capitalist relations of production restricting population mobility, the factors that make those controls increasingly unstable and the different implications for migration of different forms of the transition to capitalist relations of production. Drawing on historical and contemporary evidence it then considers the various functions of migration in transitions to capitalist production.     

关于深入推进企业班组建设的调查与思考

班组建设是工会服务企业发展、服务职工群众的一项重要群众性经济技术工作。通过深化企业基层班组建设,能够加快推进企业精细化管理进程。在长期的探索、实践和推进班组建设中,企业工会组织如何在班组建设中找准角色定位,使班组建设成效更突出、更受职工欢迎,需要认真调查研究和深入思索。     

地方高校学报建设的现状与发展趋势

期刊市场竟争日趋激烈,优胜劣汰形势严峻,人们越来越感受到了高校学报潜在的危机。而地方高校学报整体上的虚弱态势却日益凸显。如果说地方高校学报的出现有它历史背景的话,那么现在学报面临的困难也自有历史的原因,安于现状和一味埋怨都无济于事,我们需要的是对地方高校学报建设现状的反思,找出症结,开拓新的途径。     

Child-rearing practices and attitudes of working and full-time mothers

Mothers who wish to work are faced with the double burden of paid employment and childcare. They also have to confront the widely held view that ‘a woman's place is in the home’ and the prevailing popular opinion that a mother who also works outside the home is somehow harming her child. Previous research has shown little evidence that maternal employment disadvantages children.The present study, a comparison of the child-rearing practices and attitudes of a group of working (both full- and part-time) and a group of full-time mothers of 4 year olds, reveals few significant differences between the two groups. Mothers in paid employment differ in only one child-rearing practice: they place greater stress on table manners.However, a number of significant attitudinal differences emerged between the two groups of mothers: working mothers found their child rearing more pleasurable, their relationship with the child was better and the child was more likely to be described as happy and contented. Working mothers were rated warmer, higher in self-esteem and less anxious about their child rearing. Husbands of working mothers were more likely and more willing to participate in childcare and were rated as having a more affectionate relationship with the child. Overall, the results of the study are strongly supportive of the aspirations of the growing number of women who wish to combine work and motherhood.     

关于高校教职工体育与健康的现状及发展对策研究——以中国劳动关系学院教职工体育与健康现状为例

高校教职工的身体状况是党和政府十分关心的一个问题。高校教职工普遍具有锻炼身体的意识,但缺少锻炼身体的行为。高校教职工应该把锻炼身体的意识转化为锻炼身体的行为,放松心态、健康饮食、加强锻炼,以提高自己的身体素质。     

Feminism and the Complexities of Gender and Health

Abstract

Feminist research and activism have made a distinctive contribution to social studies of health and have also had a significant impact on public health policy. Gender is widely recognised as a key driver in the social determination of health and is a well-established category of analysis in fields such as the sociology of health. As a response to Broom, this article focuses on two ways in which feminist social science has complicated the understandings of gender and health which underlie much health policy and research. The first is the framework of intersectionality, which emphasises the interactions between different aspects of social identity and reveals the limitations of a singular or primary focus on gender in analysing experiences of health and ill-health. The second is the critical analysis of health as a regulatory ideal, prompted by the rise of the ‘new public health’ and its emphasis on individual responsibility for risk reduction. Together these critical insights reveal some of the tensions embedded in feminist goals such as improving women's well-being.     

高校贫困生心态及解决对策

贫困学生问题是每个高等院校都存在的普遍问题。理清高等院校贫困学生的现状,完善高校助学体系,加强对贫困学生的思想教育,是解决高等学校贫困学生问题的有效途径。     

终身学习与女职工素质的提高

不断学习、提高素质是妇女解放的长期任务,也是女职工面临的紧迫任务。长期以来,我国女职工素质不高,与她们的学习状况不理想息息相关。终身学习是提高女职工素质的必由之路,为此女职工必须加强对学习重要性的认识,并要在学习的内容和方式上积极进行创新。     

Perception and experience of types of social stress and self-image among adolescents

Eighty-four 16–18-year-old male and female volunteers were sampled to test the relationship of ratings and experience of four types of social stressors (developmental transitions, induced transitions, daily hassles, and circumscribed events). Also the relationship of self-image as measured by the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire to each type of stressor was studied. Contrary to previous research, we did not find correlations between ratings and experience, and observed minimal gender differences in ratings, experience levels, and psychopathology. Several differences in impact were found when stressor types were differentiated. Apparently, developmental transitions are least stressful for adolescents and daily hassles are most influential on their self-image. Gender differences were noted in the perceived change required by types of stressors and the manner in which stressors impacted on self-image. These results suggest that it is important to distinguish type of Stressors by type of adjustment process required, and that previously reported gender differences are less a matter of global differences or affects of specific Stressors than a matter of variations in perceived adjustment required and aspect of functioning impacted.Based on a presentation at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Washington, D.C., August 26, 1986. This work was conducted in part while the senior author was a Clinical Research Training Fellow in Adolescence (funded by T32 MH 14668) at the Institute for Psychosomatic and Psychiatric Research and Training, Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center in a program also sponsored by the Departments of Behavioral Science and Psychiatry, University of Chicago, and the Adolescent Programs of the Illinois State Psychiatric Institute. Support was also provided by an award from the DePaul University Council.Received Ph.D. in Psychology from University of Tennessee. Current research interests are prevention of delinquency, family systems theory, and adolescent development.Current research interest is obesity in children.Current research interests are family functioning assessment and delinquency.     

Characteristics of married and unmarried adolescent mothers and their partners

In a middle-class, urban-clinic sample of 275, mostly Caucasian, adolescent mothers and their partners living in Utah, three groups were identified and their psychosocial characteristics were compared. Couples married at the time of conception (N=22) enjoyed more positive responses from prospective grandparents and earned more than couples not married at the time of conception. On the other hand, these initially married youths were much more likely to be high-school dropouts, which suggests limits in their lifetime earning capacities, and they were not more likely to identify one another as sources of emotional support. Couples who married between conception and delivery (N=110) reported that prospective grandparents responded less favorably to news of the pregnancy than did relatives of the initially married couples, but while their current salaries were lower, they were much more likely to be continuing with their education. Those who married after conception also had fewer antisocial and conduct disorders than young men and women who chose to continue in a dating relationship (N=29). Overall, the couples who married after conception appeared to face less severe problems than either the initially-married couples or the steady daters.This research was supported by grant number APR 000922-02-0 from the Office of Adolescent Pregnancy Programs to Drs. Elster and Lamb.where he and Dr. Lamb conduct research on pregnant teens, teenaged parents, and their children. Ms. Peters and Mr. Kahn are graduate students in School of Education at the University of Utah, while Ms. Tavare is a biostatistician at the University of Utah Medical Center.     

Bonding in a High-Risk and a General Sample of Children:Comparison of Measures of Attachment and Their Relationship to Smoking and Drinking

Bonding in parent, peer, and school domains were compared in a general sample of children and a sample of children of methadone-treated parents. Bivariate comparisons revealed that children of methadone-treated parents had lower SES, and were significantly more likely to smoke cigarettes but not more likely to drink alcohol. Several measures of attachment were significantly different between the two samples across parent, peer, and school domains. Multivariate analyses indicated that the children of methadone-treated parents were more likely to smoke, even after accounting for the effects of demographic and attachment variables. For drinking, sample membership was not found to be significant. Attachment to school decreased the odds of both smoking and drinking in both samples. Peer attachment had no effect on the odds of smoking initiation; however,loyalty to best friend did predict increased odds of drinking initiation.     

企业职工劳动经济权益落实状况的探析与对策

企业新产权制度建立后,职工劳动经济权益受到一定程度的损害,这种情况给职工权益的维护和企业的生产发展都带来了不少的影响。各级工会在完善维权机制时,要大力维护职工权益,同时也要注重维权方式的多样化。     

试论职工疗养院的生存与发展

在社会主义市场经济条件下,各级工会举办的疗养院都经历一个生存发展难以维系的艰辛历程。职工疗养事业要想在新的形势下发展壮大,就必须面对现实,转变观念,放弃等、靠、要的思想,坚持改革,适应市场,办出特色,提高水平。     

fractured identity and agency and the plays of Adrienne Kennedy

This paper examines the plays of African-American playwright Adrienne Kennedy, Funnyhouse of a Negro (1962) and The Owl Answers (1963), which remain important for their engagement with notions of African-American identity, resistance and agency through their attention to mixed race female characters or mulattas who experience bodily and psychological traumas that demonstrate the abuse of the colonized on a deeply visceral level. Kennedy's plays have remained controversial because of their failure to comply with the nationalistic orientation of the Black Arts Movement (BAM) of 1960s America. I aim to examine these plays through a framework of postcolonial-feminist performance analysis that finds its way back to histories of colonization and slavery, enabling through such returns, a compelling critique of the manoeuvrings of racial hierarchies and power imbalances. As well, I argue that Kennedy's protagonists are de-essentialized fractured beings who fail to embody either White superiority or Black nationalist pride, as they oscillate between two polarities. Such failure (on the part of Kennedy's mulattas) allows for a strategic de-essentialization of identity that interrogates fixed categorization. As well, through a form that is fluid, fragmented and blurs the distinctions among history, memory, space and time, her works impart political agency to the characters and enable an empowered sense of the ‘self-in-process.’     

Catherine Breillat's Romance and Anatomy of Hell: Subjectivity and the Gendering of Sexuality

French filmmaker Catherine Breillat has consistently challenged viewers to consider the ways women negotiate sexual freedom in light of numerous forces of repression. This essay considers how Breillat's depiction of women's sexuality in Romance and Anatomy of Hell simultaneously evokes abjection and empowerment. Specifically, we consider Breillat's contrast between her female protagonists and male protagonists, her treatment of women and their bodies as infused with desire yet struggling towards sexual subjectivity, and the avenues available to women to define themselves outside of hegemonic masculinity. We argue that Breillat's provocative portrayals provoke consideration of the problems inherent in hegemonic female sexuality while also offering hopeful alternatives to sexual expression, sexual freedom, and changing definitions of power and pleasure.