Enforcing the Minimum Wage

The introduction of the national minimum wage in the United Kingdom poses a new challenge for labour law because of its novel enforcement methods. This article examines carefully the possibilities for enforcing the new statutory minimum wage in the light of regulatory theory and the government's desire to make the wage 'self-enforcing'. It offers policy suggestions as to how the different enforcement strands can be best made to work together and highlights some of the dangers the government needs to be aware of in this area.     

Enforcing ethics in social work

The attention paid by the social work profession to ethical issues has waxed and waned since the formal inauguration of the profession in the late 19th century. For the first half century of the profession's life, relatively little attention was devoted to problems of professional ethics, though social work's literature was filled with discussions of value-laden issues that arise in practice. In recent years, interest in professional ethics has increased substantially. This article discusses the growth of interest in professional ethics, the formulation of the social work code of ethics, the adjudication of grievances in social work, and the strengths and limitations of the profession's code.     

Enforcing the Law and Being a State

Many anarchists believe that a stateless society could and should feature laws. It might appear that, in so believing, they are caught in a contradiction. The anarchist objects to the state because its authority does not rest on actual consent, and using force to secure compliance with law in a stateless society seems objectionable for the same reason. Some people in a stateless society will have consented to some laws or law-generating mechanisms and some to others – while some will have consented to none. Someone’s obedience to a legal requirement could be justly enforceable absent the state, nonetheless, given either her actual consent to the requirement or to a mechanism responsible for generating it or the coextensiveness of the legal requirement with a moral requirement. And it could thus be just on the anarchist’s own terms to enforce a narrow range of positive legal requirements even against outlaws who had declined to consent to them.     

Morality and Law

Abstract. The controversy over law and morality between positivists and normativists is largely a result of failure on both sides to understand the idea of authority. The author argues that Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas and Hobbes held a common notion of legal authority that was distinctively moral. They all saw the virtue of law (and the source of legal obligation) in the equal protection it provides for all against the disorder to which passion makes men vulnerable, and not in the justice of its provisions. Michael Oakeshott, among contemporary theorists, best illustrates this approach to a resolution of the differences between positivists and normativists.     

关于加强和完善行政执法的思考

当前行政执法中存在行政立法不完善,法律盲区较多、执法机关职责不清,配合不力、执法队伍素质低下、监督乏力等问题。只有采取多项对策,才能提高行政执法水平,使行政执法向科学化、程序化方向发展。     

论反垄断法实施中的相关市场界定

相关市场的界定是建立反垄断法各主要制度的基础，是反垄断法实施中的一个关键问题，往往可以体现反垄断执法的宽严。在界定相关商品市场时主要应考虑商品的物理性能和使用目的、商品的价格、消费者的偏好以及供给的替代可能性等因素；在界定相关地域市场时应当考虑的主要因素则是运输成本和商品特性、商品价格、消费者偏好以及市场进入的障碍等。在我国《反垄断法》即将实施之际，反垄断执法机构应制定相关市场界定的具体规则。     

实施环境准则:外交和司法途径

自 1972年联合国人类环境会议以来 ,各国已经建立了地球环境保护工作的准则和框架。本文首先阐述了执行环境准则的意义 ,然后阐述了在国际和国内层面上实施环境法律准则的框架以及奥尔胡斯协定 ,最后阐明了跨国实施环境法准则的含义     

论我国社区矫正的执行主体

中国理论和实务界对社区矫正的执行主体存在不同看法。通过对“北京模式”和“上海模式”的初步研究,作者认为我国现在社区矫正定位十分狭窄,导致在执行主体上有违法之嫌。对此,本文认为应该在统一刑罚执行权的基本认知下,明确社区矫正的执行主体应该是司法行政机关。     

浅谈执行协调联动机制的构建

法院执行难一直是困扰国家、社会和人民群众的难题,为解决执行难,2005年中央政法委下发了《关于切实解决人民法院执行难问题的通知》,根据该通知各地建立了党政齐抓共管、部门配合、全社会参与的执行协调联动机制。本文就建立执行联动机制的原因背景,对其内涵和构成进行分析,解读其价值;同时,针对协调联动机制之不足之处,提出了完善执行协调联动机制的具体建议。     

论经济法的道德性

从本源上看,经济法的道德性来自对企业的社会责任伦理、公平交易伦理、经济行政责任伦理、可持续发展伦理以及公平分配伦理等社会经济伦理的法律提升。而一旦现实的经济伦理道德进入经济法领域,就使得经济法表现出独特的、鲜明的道德性特征。具体而言,经济法的道德性表现在经济法律规范的价值内涵、经济法对社会中各种利益的价值判断标准、经济法的非强制性和经济法对社会生活发挥能动作用的形式等方面。     

The Morality of Treason

Treason is one of the most serious legal offences that there are, in most if not all jurisdictions. Laws against treason are rooted in deep-seated moral revulsion about acts which, in the political realm, are paradigmatic examples of breaches of loyalty. Yet, it is not altogether clear what treason consists in: someone’s traitor is often another’s loyalist. In this paper, my aim is twofold: to offer a plausible conceptual account of treason, and to partly rehabilitate traitors. I focus on informational treason, as the act of passing secret intelligence to foreign actors without authorization. I argue that informational treason is sometimes justified, indeed morally mandatory; even when it is morally wrong, its beneficiaries are sometimes justified, indeed obliged, to make use of the intelligence thereby provided.

     

实施《行政许可法》规范行政许可行为

《行政许可法》是一部涉及几乎所有政府部门(至少90%以上的政府部门办理过,而且今后仍然要或多或少地办理行政许可)和涉及千千万万公民、法人和其他组织切身利益(一个公民在其一生中,可能要办理无数次行政许可,甚至公民在尚未出世,就要办理行政许可——准生证)的法律。该法律7月1日就要正式施行了。在该法正式实施之际,人们对这部法律的出台和它的内容也许还有一些疑问,本文试图给予若干阐释和解答。一、为什么要制定《行政许可法》,以法律规范行政许可制定《行政许可法》可能有很多理由,很多必要性,但最重要的有下述三点:(一)行政许可是市…     

赋予强制执行效力债权文书公证实践中存在的若干问题探讨

自赋予强制执行效力债权文书公证制度确立以来,伴随着公证机构体制改革和国家金融市场的发展,强制执行公证获得迅猛发展,在规范经济活动和及时调整民事经济关系、维护正常的法律秩序和保护当事人的合法权益、尤其是在保证金融机构及时收贷和防范金融风险等方面发挥了积极作用,因此越来越受到金融机构（债权人）的重视和应用,强制执行公证已经逐渐成为公证行业的支柱业务。     

Deception in Morality and Law

Law and Philosophy -