Advance Refusals of Life-Sustaining Medical Treatment: The Relativity of an Absolute Right

English law gives the competent patient a right to refuse life-saving treatment, either contemporaneously or in an advance directive. This means that the patient's autonomous choice that in an anticipated situation his/her interests are better served by rejecting life-saving treatment needs to be respected. However, this right is undermined in practice by the courts' approach of applying a presumption in favour of preserving the patient's life whenever the validity and applicability of an advance directive is questioned. The article argues that the patient's right to refuse life-saving treatment only receives the respect it deserves if the decision whether or not a valid and applicable advance directive exists in a given case is instead be approached in an unbiased, disinterested way, and it analyses how this can be achieved in different scenarios.     

论医疗知情同意权的保障与实现

市场经济是一种权利经济,本质而言,纠纷的实质就是利益之争.任何对权力的侵犯,都必须给予及时、充分、有效和相当的补偿.这既是道德的,也是法律的、符合市场规律要求的.市场经济条件下,承诺的实质就在于自愿同意.同意意味着责任和选择,选择意味着风险和投机,选择就需要知情.保护个人隐私权的同时,绝不能以社会公众的知情同意权为代价.但只有充分保障知情权,才会有利于同意权的实现.     

诉讼时效应以请求权为客体

为了维护交易安全,增进交易秩序,我国未来的民法典应将诉讼时效的客体界定为请求权;物权请求权中的物之返还请求权、占有保护请求权和债权请求权应纳入诉讼时效的客体范畴;物权请求权中的妨碍排除请求权和妨碍预防请求权无诉讼时效之适用余地,人身权请求权亦应排除在诉讼时效的客体之外。     

论患者对病历资料享有的权利

无论是在学术界抑或实务中，就患者对其病历资料所享有的权利，讨论寥寥。然而，患者的这项权利与患者自治权的保护、医患关系的改善及其公共卫生安全事业的发展都紧密相关。患者对病历资料享有的权利可分为两项内容：查阅、复制病历资料的权利和控制病历资料的权利。本文针对这两项分权利，全面分析了它们的学理基础、权利受限情形、行使方式和救济方式。希望藉由本文，患者和医务人员或医疗机构能更加清楚地了解各自就病历资料所享有的权利和所负有的义务。     

论患者对病历资料享有的权利

无论是在学术界抑或实务中,就患者对其病历资料所享有的权利,讨论寥寥。然而,患者的这项权利与患者自治权的保护、医患关系的改善及其公共卫生安全事业的发展都紧密相关。患者对病历资料享有的权利可分为两项内容:查阅、复制病历资料的权利和控制病历资料的权利。本文针对这两项分权利,全面分析了它们的学理基础、权利受限情形、行使方式和救济方式。希望藉由本文,患者和医务人员或医疗机构能更加清楚地了解各自就病历资料所享有的权利和所负有的义务。     

On the Right to Have Nationality Rights: Statelessness,Citizenship and Human Rights

Netherlands International Law Review - This article considers contemporary predicaments of nationality rights against the background of reflection on Arendt’s phrase ‘the right to have...     

论司法权应具亲和力的十大理由

人治需要个人权威,法治则强调法律至上,需要司法权威。司法权,作为“法院享有的,对当事人的事实问题和法律主张依法进行判断,以维护法的价值的终局性权力”①,是法律正义的最终守护神,是司法权威的直接体现者,当然也具有权威性。但是,司法权威的获得,不是靠司法的威慑、威严、恫吓、暴力、冷漠、神秘、生杀予夺及不可接近性获得的,而是通过公正的判决来形成的。实际上,为了实现司法公正,树立司法权威,需要充分发挥司法权的亲和力。亲和力是司法权存在和发挥功效的主要原因,是司法权的本质特征。亲和力,按照《现代汉语词典》的解释,是指“两…     

The Right to Have What Rights? EU Citizenship in Need of Clarification

This paper provides a brief critical overview of the recent EU citizenship case‐law of the Court of Justice including Rottmann, Ruiz Zambrano, McCarthy and Dereci. While these cases open a number of new avenues of fundamental importance for the development of EU law, they also undermine legal certainty and send contradictory signals as to the essence of the EU citizenship status and the role it ought to play in the system of EU law. Most importantly, the Court's reluctance to specify what is meant by the ‘essence of rights’ of EU citizenship potentially has disastrous consequences following its own determination that such rights play a crucial role in moving particular factual constellations within the material scope of EU law. The substance and meaning of such rights is however left in suspense to harmful effects. An urgent clarification is needed.     

反垄断执法机构是否该拥有独立审判权

发展市场经济关键是激发和维系市场竞争 ,基于市场竞争而产生的垄断则排斥、限制着市场竞争 ,为此 ,发达的市场经济国家大都制定了统一的反垄断立法 ,并成立了专门的反垄断执法机构。目前 ,我国的社会主义市场经济正处于蓬勃发展阶段 ,尽快制定一部规范的《反垄断法》 ,加大反垄断的执法力度 ,已经成为社会各界的共识。为有效地实施《反垄断法》 ,强化反垄断法的执法力度 ,维护正常的市场竞争秩序 ,确保社会主义市场经济健康有序发展 ,我国有必要成立一个专门的、具有高度权威性的、高效的反垄断执法机构 ,但该机构不能享有独立审判权。