Afro‐Chinese relations: An evolving South‐South partnership

A detailed look at the historical and recent developments leading to the current Afro‐Sino relationship and the implications it has for South‐South relations in a changing global order.     

Impressions of Indo‐China

The Mizan Newsletter. Issued monthly by the Central Asian Research Centre and St. Antony's College, Oxford. Price Ios. per month, or £6 per annum post free.

Official Histories of the Indian Armed Forces in the Second World War, 1939–45. Historical Section, India and Pakistan. Distributors, Orient Longmans.

Expansion of the Armed Forces and Defence Organization. Pp. 397. 15 charts and graphs; appendices and index. 45s.

Campaign in Western Asia. Pp. 461. 37 maps; plates, appendices and index. 45s.

Reconquest of Burma. Vol. I. Pp. 403. 36 maps and charts; appendices and index. 50s.

The North African Campaign, 1940–43. Pp. 515. 43 maps; plates, appendices and index. 50s.

The Origins of Russia. By George Vernadsky. Oxford, at the Clarendon Press. 1959. 8vo, cloth, pp. xi, 354, 3 figs.

Bibliography of Recent Soviet Source Material on Soviet Central Asia and the Borderlands.

Die Mongolei. Land, Volk und Wirtschaft der Mongolischen Volksrepublik. By Erich Thiel. Isar Verlag Munchen (German). Pp. 495. Ill., maps.

My Golden Road from Samarkand. By Jascha Golowanjuk. Translated by Frances Hogarth‐Gaute. Published by Geo. G. Harrap and Co., Ltd. Pp. 215. 18s.

Egypt in Transition. By Jean and Simonne Lacouture. Methuen and Co., Ltd. 532 pp. Illustrated, index. 35s.

Egypt in the Sudan, 1820–81. By Richard Hill. Issued under the auspices of Chatham House. Published by Oxford University Press. 1959. Pp. 188. Index; map; bibliography. 25s. in U.K.

The English Utilitarians and India. By Eric Stokes. Clarendon Press, Oxford. Pp.350. 45s.

India, Pakistan and the West. The Home University Library of Modern Knowledge. Oxford University Press. 1958. Pp. 242. Index. 7s. 6d.

The Oxford History of India. By the late Vincent A. Smith, C.I.E. Third edition, edited by Percival Spear. Oxford University Press. 1958. Pp. 849. Index; maps; illustrations. 42s.

Malaya. A Political and Economic Appraisal. By Lennox A. Mills. Oxford University Press. Pp. 234. Index. 30s.

Aden. By Sir Tom Hickinbotham. Constable. 1958. Pp. xii + 242. 13 plates; 1 map. Index. Price 21s.

The Near East. By William Yale. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 1958. Pp. 486 + xix.

Major Governments of Asia. Edited by George McT. Kahin. Published by Cornell University Press (Oxford University Press, London), 1958. Pp. 607. Index, maps, bibliographies. 45s.

Himmelstier und Gletscherlowe. Mythen, Sagen und Fabcln aus Tibet. In langjährigen völkerkundlichen Forschung unter den Amdo‐Tibetern aufgenom‐men von Prof. Dr. Matthias Hermanns, S.V.D., Bombay. “Das Gesicht der Völker,” der zentralasiatiske Kulturkreis, tibetische Dichtung. Im Erich Röth‐Verlag, Kassel, 1955. Pp. 260, with one frontispiece illustration, two maps and six artistic initials. DM. 4.80.

Amiran‐Darejaniani: A Cycle of Mediæval Georgian Tales ascribed to Mose Khoneli, translated by R. H. Stevenson. Clarendon Press: Oxford University Press. 1958. 8vo, cloth, pp. xxxiii, 240.

The Rebel Emperor. By Lady Flavia Anderson. Published by Gollancz. Pp. 356. Index; biblio. 25s.

Mountains and a Monastery. By Peter Holmes. Published by Geoffrey Bles, Ltd. Pp. 191. Ill.; index. 21s.

Gateway to the Khyber. By Robin Bryans. Robert Hale. 1959. 8¾” × 5¾”. Pp. 173. Ill., index. 18s.

Preface to Cairo. A Survey of pre‐Cairo in history and legend. By Kenneth P. Kirkwood. Mutual Press Ltd., Ottawa.     

The North‐West frontier province and trans‐border country under the new constitution

Indian subcontinent

The Viceroy at Bay: Lord Linlithgow in India. By John Glendevon. London, Collins, 1971. Pp. 288. Illus. Index. £2.50.

The Transfer of Power: Constitutional Relations between Britain and India. Vol. I: The Cripps Mission, January‐April 1942. Edited by Nicholas Mansergh and E. W. R. Lumby. London, HMSO, 1970. Pp. 928. Illus. Map. Index. £7.00.

The Indian Army: Its contribution to the development of a nation. By Stephen Cohen. Los Angeles and London, University of California Press, 1971. £2.85.

The Politics of Nepal. By Leo E. Rose and Margaret W. Fisher. Ithaca and London, Cornell University Press, 1970. Pp. 197. Map. Index. £3.80.

General

Nationalism in Asia and Africa. Edited with an Introduction by Elie Kedourie, London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1971. Pp. 573. Index. £3.00.

Religion and Change in Contemporary Asia. Ed. Robert F. Spencer. London, OUP for Minnesota University Press, 1971. Pp. 172. Map. Index. £3.15.

The Ruler's Imperative. By W. Howard Wriggins. Columbia University Press, 1969. Pp.275. £4.50

Middle East

Peace in the Holy Land: An Historical Analysis of the Palestine Problem. By John Bagot Glubb. London, Hodder and Stoughton, 1971. Pp. 384. Maps. Genealogical trees. Bibliog. Index. £3.15.

The Trucial States. By Donald Hawley. London, Allen and Unwin, 1970. Pp. 380. Maps. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £4.25.

The Wind of Morning. By Sir Hugh Boustead. London, Chatto and Windus, 1971. Pp. 240. £2.80.

Islam: a Way of Life. By Philip K. Hitti. University of MinnesotaPress, (London, OUP) 1970. Pp. 183. Maps. Bibliog. Index. £2.25.

John Company's Last War. By Barbara English. London, Collins, 1971. Pp. 192. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £2.10.

Southeast Asia

North Vietnam and the Pathet Lao: Partners in the Struggle for Laos. By Paul F. Langer and Joseph J. Zaslof. Harvard University Press; London, OUP, 1971. Pp. 262. Bibliog. Index. £2.90.

In Search of Southeast Asia: A Modern History. By David Joel Steinberg (editor), David K. Wyatt, John R. W. Smail, Alexander Woodside, William R. Roff, David P. Chandler. London, Pall Mall Press, 1971. Pp. 522. Maps. Glossary. Bibliog. Index. £4.50.

Burma: A Profile. By Norma Brixler. London, Pall Mall Press, 1971. Pp. 244. Illus. Maps. Bibliog. £3.50.

China

The Security of China. By Arthur Huck. London, Chatto and Windus. Pp. 93. Maps. 60p.

China's Cultural Revolution. By Gargi Dutt and V. P. Dutt. London, Asia Publishing House, 1970. Pp. 260. Index. £3.25.

Education in Communist China. By R. F. Price. London, Routledge, 1970. Pp. 308. Maps. Bibliog. Glossary. Index. £3.00.

Psychological Research in Communist China, 1949–1966. By Robert and Ai‐li Chin. Cambridge, Mass., and London, MIT Press, 1970. Pp. 274. Glossary. Bibliog. Index. £2.65.

Education and Communism in China. Edited by Stewart Fraser. N.Y. and London, Pall Mall Press, 1971. £2.75.

China's Cultural Legacy and Communism. Edited by Ralph C. Croizier. London, Pall Mall Press, 1970. Pp. 313. £3.50.

Modern Chinese Stories. Selected and edited by W. J. F. Jenner. London, Oxford University Press, 1970. Pp. 271. 60p.

The Gate of Darkness: Studies on the Leftist Literary Movement in China. By Tai‐an Hsia. Seattle and London, University of Washington Press. Pp. 266. Index. £3.77.

Contemporary Chinese Law: Research Problems and Perspectives. Edited by Jerome Alan Cohen. Harvard UP; London, OUP, 1971. Pp. 380. Bibliog. Index. £4.75.

Industrial Development in Pre‐Communist China. A quantitative analysis. By John K. Chang. Edinburgh University Press, 1970. Pp. ix + 147. £2.50.

The Chinese Economy under Communism. By Nai‐ruenn Chen and Walter Galenson. Edinburgh University Press, 1970. Pp. 250. £3.00.

Mao Papers: Anthology and Bibliography. Edited by Jerome Ch'en. Oxford University Press, 1970. Pp. xxxiii+221. £2.75.

The United States and China: The Next Decade. Edited by A. Doak Barnett and Edwin O. Reischauer. The National Committee on United States‐China Relations. Pall Mall Press, London. Pp. 249. £3.25.

The Extraterritorial System in China: Final Phase. By John Carter Vincent. Harvard University Press, 1970. Pp. 119. Index. £1.70.

British Policy in China (1895–1902). By L. K. Young. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1970. Pp. 356. Bibliog. Index. Maps. £3.50.

Taikoo. By Charles Drage. London, Constable, 1970. Pp. xl + 280. Illus. Maps. Bibliog. Appendices. Index. £2.25.

The Origins of Statecraft in China. Volume 1: The Western Chou Empire. By H. G. Creel. Chicago and London, University of Chicago Press, 1970. Pp. ix + 559. £7.80.

Far East

Mongolia, A Profile. By Victor P. Petrov. London, Pall Mall Press, 1970. Pp. 179. Bibliog. Maps. Index. £3.25.

Area Handbook for North Korea. By Rinn‐Sup Shinn and others. Washington, US Government Printing Office, 1969. Pp. xvi + 481. $3.75.

Taiwan: Studies in Chinese Local History. By Leonard H. Gordon. New York and London, Columbia University Press, 1970. Pp. 124. Glossary. Index. £1.60.

Learning to be Chinese: The Political Socialization of Children in Taiwan. By Richard W. Wilson. Cambridge, Mass., and London, MIT Press, 1970. Pp. 203. Bibliog. Index. £4.65.

The Philippines: Industrialization and Trade Policies. By John H. Power and Gerardo P. Sicat. Taiwan: Industrialization and Trade Policies. By Mo‐huan Hsing. London, OUP, for OECD Paris, 1971. Pp. 324. Indexes. £4.00.

Personality in Japanese History. Edited by Albert M. Craig and Donald H. Shively. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1971. Pp. 481. £4.75.

A Collection of Stories from Uji: A Study Translation of the Uji Shūi Mono‐gatari. By D. E. Mills. Cambridge University Press, 1970. Pp. 459. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £3.50.

Archaeology

Southern Arabia. By Brian Doe. London, Thames and Hudson, 1971. Pp. 267. Map. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £4.20.

Looking for Dilmun. By Geoffrey Bibby. London, Collins, 1970. Pp. lx + 383. Maps. Illus. Index. £3.15.

Frozen Tombs of Siberia: The Pazyryk Burials of Iron‐Age Horsemen. By Sergei I. Rudenko, translated and edited by M. W. Thompson. London, Dent, 1970. Pp. xxxvi + 340. Illustrated. Bibliog. Index. £12.60.     

Post‐war Iraq: an assessment

Sir Terence Clark is a Council Member of the Society. He retired from the Diplomatic Service after a distinguished career spent mainly in the Middle East, where he was Ambassador to Iraq and Oman. He is the author of many articles in specialist journals and co‐author of Oman in Time (2001). On 18 June 2003, Sir Terence, together with Sir Harold Walker, Chairman of the Society, spoke to the Society about the situation in Iraq as it then appeared. The following is an edited and updated version of Sir Terence's talk.     

The US‐South Africa binational commission

A critical look at the role played by South Africa in the initiative.     

Challenges of the pan‐African parliament

It must be enabled to receive representation by individuals and associations whose interests have been affected by international or continental public policies or practices. In turn, it must be able to intervene decisively to protect rights in member states. By doing this, the parliament can deepen its credibility and relevance to African peoples struggling with poverty and injustice across the continent.     

From Al‐Aqsa to Aqaba: The Israeli‐Palestinian conflict and the road map to peace

The much‐heralded road map for peace has hardly made a dent in the conflict which shows no signs of abating.     

New roles in the Japan‐US alliance

"There is a much greater need for the security alliance today than at any time during the Cold War era, and at this critical juncture new lifeblood needs to be injected into this alliance if it is to continue to thrive,” writes Yasuhiro Nakasone, former prime minister of Japan, IIPS chairman, and now well into his fifth decade as a member of the Diet. Nakasone analyzes the state of the alliance, describes the changed roles of the allies, and urges new Prime Minister Ryutaro Hashimoto to explain to the Japanese people the alliance's contribution to peace and prosperity in Asia‐Pacific.     

Aid and political conditionalities in sub‐Saharan Africa

An analysis of the United States’ view of Nepad, its reasons for being optimistic and the role it is playing in supporting the programme.     

Prospects for Islam in post‐Soeharto Indonesia∗

The Islamic parties combined may win a majority of the popular vote in the general elections in Indonesia in June, says Professor Mitsuo Nakamura of the Department of Cultural Anthropology, Chiba University, but there is virtually no possibility that so‐called “Islamic fundamentalism” will gain influence, and little likelihood that a solid Islamic bloc dominating both legislative and executive bodies of the government would initiate a comprehensive program of Islamization. In this article, Nakamura discusses the implications of the growing number of Islamic political parties for the future of Indonesian politics, and whether the emergence of these parties is likely to be detrimental or conducive to the reconstruction of Indonesia's national life on a more democratic footing.     

Guinea‐Bissau's rocky path to peace and democracy

Nepad has helped to world to focus on Africa's challenges and potential successes rather than the negatives.     

Evacuation of Kurdistan: An ill‐fated expedition

Far East

China: A World so Changed. By C. P. Fitzgerald and Myra Roper. London, Heinemann Educational Books, 1973. Pp. 243. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £4.00.

Wage Patterns and Wage Policy in Modern China, 1919–72. By Christopher Howe. London, Cambridge University Press, 1973. Pp. xvi + 171. Bibliog. Index. £3.95.

Origins of the Chinese Revolution, 1915–1949. By Lucien Bianco, translated from the French by Muriel Bell. Stanford University Press; London, Oxford University Press, 1972. Pp. xiii + 223. Map. Bibliog. Index. £3.50.

The Consolidation of the South China Frontier. By George V. H. Moseley, III. Berkeley and London, University of California Press, 1973. Pp. x+192. Appendix. Maps. Bibliog. Index. £4.75.

The Long March to Power: The History of the Chinese Communist Party 1921–1972. By James Pinckney Harrison. London, Macmillan, 1973. Pp. 647. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £5.95.

Famine in China and the Missionary. Timothy Richard as Relief Administrator and Advocate of National Reform 1876–1884. By Paul Richard Bohr. London, Oxford University Press, 1973. Pp. 283. Appendix. Bibliog. Glossary. Index. £2.25.

An Introduction to Chinese Civilisation. Edited by John Meskill. New York and London, Columbia University Press, 1973. Pp. 699. Maps. Illus. Index.

China: A Handbook. Edited by Yuan‐li Wu. Newton Abbot, David &; Charles, 1973. Pp. 915. Maps. Tables. Bibliog. Index. £13.75.

Secret Societies in China in the 19th and 20th Centuries. By Jean Chesneaux, translated by Gillian Nettle. London and Hong Kong, Heinemann Educational Books, 1971. Pp. 210. Illus. Index. £2.75.

Popular Movements and Secret Societies in China 1840–1960. Edited by Jean Chesneaux. Stanford University Press, 1972. Pp. 328. Glossaries. Bibliog. Index.

Kūkai: Major Works. Translated, with an Account of his Life and a Study of his Thought, by Yoshito S. Hakeda. New York and London, Columbia University Press, 1972. Pp. 303. Chronology. Bibliog. Index. £5.85.

The Meiji Restoration. By W. G. Beasley. Stanford University Press; London, Oxford University Press, 1973. Pp. 513. Map. Bibliog. Index. £7.00.

Communism in Korea. Vol. I The Movement. Vol. II The Society. By Robert A. Scalapino and Chang‐sik Lee. Berkeley and London, University of California Press, 1973. Pp. 685 and 847. Maps. Illus. Bibliog. Index. $25.00 and $30.00.

South‐East Asia

The Modernist Muslim Movement in Indonesia 1900–1942. By Deliar Noer. Singapore/Kuala Lumpur, Oxford University Press (East Asian Historical Monographs), 1973, Pp. 390. £9.50.

My War with the C.I.A. By Norodom Sihanouk and Wilfred Burchett. London, The Penguin Press, 1973. Pp. 272. £0.50.

Cambodia in the Southeast Asian War. By Malcolm Caldwell and Lek Hor Tan. New York and London, Monthly Review Press, 1973. Pp. xiv + 450. Maps. Appendices. £6.45.

USSR Central Asia

The Soviet Union in Asia. By Geoffrey Jukes. Sydney, Angus and Robertson in association with the Australian Institute of International Affairs, 1973. Pp. 314. Bibliog. Index. £2.95.

The Nationality Question in Soviet Central Asia. Edited by Edward Allworth. New York and London, Praeger, 1973. Pp. 217. Maps. Bibliog. Tables. £7.00.

The Golden Road to Samarkand. By Wilfrid Blunt. London, Hamish Hamilton, 1973. Pp. 280. Maps. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £5.00.

The Land beyond the Mountains: Siberia and its People Today. By Leonid Shin‐karev. London, Hart‐Davis, MacGibbon, 1973. Pp. 233. Maps. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £3.25.

South Asia

Locality, Province and Nation. Essays on Indian Politics 1870–1940. By John Gallagher, Gordon Johnson and Anil Seal. London, Cambridge University Press, 1973. Pp. 325. Map. £3.50.

Studies in Modern Indian History. Number 1. Edited by B. R. Nanda and V. C. Joshi. New Delhi, Orient Longmans, 1972. Pp. 214. Index. Rs. 30.

A Memoir of Central India, including Malwa and the Adjoining Provinces. By Sir J. Malcolm. 2 vols. Irish University Press, 1973. Pp. 580 and 547. Appendices. Index. £8.00 per vol.

History of the Political and Military Transactions in India during the Administration of the Marquess of Hastings 1813–1823. By Henry T. Prinsep. 2 vols. Irish University Press, 1973. Pp. 520 and 500. £7.00 per vol.

A History of the English Settlements in India: as told in the Government records, the works of old travellers, and other contemporary documents, from the earliest period to the rise of British power in India. By J. Talboys Wheeler. First published London 1878. A new impression published by the Curzon Press, London, and Barnes &; Noble, New York, 1972. Pp.xxxi + 391.

Palaces of the Raj. By Mark Bence‐Jones. London, George Allen &; Unwin, 1973. Pp. 225. Illus. Bibliog. Index. £5.00.

India‐Pakistan: The History of Unsolved Conflicts. By Lars Blinkenberg. Copenhagen, Dansk Udenrigspolitisk Instituts Shrifter, 1972. Pp. 440. Maps. Index. Dan. Kr. 75.00.

Pakistan's Crisis in Leadership. By Fazal Muqeem Khan. Islamabad, National Book Foundation, 1973. Pp. 280. Maps. Appendices. Index. Rs. 25.

The Middle East

Power Play: The Tumultuous World of Middle East Oil 1890–1973. By Leonard Mosley. London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1973. Pp. 374. Maps. Index. £3.75.

Arab Contemporaries: The Role of Personalities in Politics. By Majid Khadduri. Baltimore and London, The John Hopkins University Press, 1973. Pp. 255. Index. £4.25.

The Third Arab‐Israeli War. By Edgar O'Ballance. London, Faber &; Faber, 1972. Pp. 285. Sketch‐map. Index. £3.50.

Baffy: The Diaries of Blanche Dugdale, 1936–1947. Edited by N. A. Rose. Foreword by Meyer Weisgal. London, Valentine, Mitchell, 1973. Pp. 262. Illus. Index. £3.75.

The Kurdish Revolt 1961–1970. By Edgar O'Ballance. London, Faber &; Faber, 1973. Pp. 196. Maps. Chronological Summary. Index. £2.95.

Capital Cities of Arab Islam. By Philip K. Hitti. Minnesota University Press; London, Oxford University Press, 1973. Pp. 176. Maps. Illus. Index. £4. E.

Mirza Malkum Khan. A Study in the History of Iranian Modernism. By Hamid Algar. Berkeley and London, University of California Press, 1973. Pp. 327. Bibliog. Index. £6.10.

The Metaphysics of Avicenna (Ibn Siina). A critical translation‐commentary and analysis of the fundamental arguments of Avicenna's Metaphysica. By Parviz Morewedge. London, Routledge &; Kegan Paul, 1973. Pp. 336. Glossary. Index. £5.00.

Through Persia in Disguise. By Sarah Hobson. London, John Murray, 1973. Pp. 175. Map. Illus. Index. £2.95.

Afro‐Asia, Islam

The Afro‐Asian Movement. Ideology and Foreign Policy of the Third World. By David Kimche. Jerusalem, Israel University Press, 1973. Pp. 296. Appendices. Bibliog. Index. £6.50.

The Islamic World. Edited by William H. McNeill and Marilyn Robinson Wald‐man. London, Oxford University Press, 1973. Pp. xvii + 468. Maps. £1.80.     

Palestine: the return of the one‐state solution

The Cambridge History of Islam. Edited by P. M. Holt, Ann K. S. Lambton, Bernard Lewis. Cambridge University Press, 1970. Volume I: The Central Islamic Lands. Pp. xviii, 815. Bibliog., Index. ££6.00. Volume II: The Further Islamic Lands, Islamic Society and Civilization. Pp. xxvi, 966. Plates, Bibliog., Index. £7.00.     

What the surrender of extra‐territoriality will mean to us

The paper argues that during the Mandate period the Labor Zionist movement was able to successfully create a Sabra identity based on its ideology that was constructed in opposition to the presumed characteristics of the “exile Jew” and how such an identity played a central role in the formation of a security oriented foreign policy. Labor's creation of the Sabra through the "Hebrew Revolution" can be considered as one of the most successful episodes of the twentieth century in which a new identity was created in order to serve ideological goals. Labor's Zionist ideology, which sought to create a “new Jew” that would form the basis of the Jewish national movement, was translated into an identity that in contrast to the diaspora Jew relied on collectivism, agriculture, secularism, and most important of all physical strength and sacrifice in defence of the Jewish nation. This translated into a security-oriented foreign policy that heavily relied on military force and emphasized internal power and strength, which Labor elites argued could only be achieved through self-reliance and independence particularly in regards to defence issues. Such an orientation would form the basis of Israeli foreign policy for years to come.     

The politics of reconciliation: Germany in central‐east Europe

The role of united Germany in the new Europe has been the source of considerable debate and speculation. This study analyses the impact of Germany's continued commitment to reconciliation with its neighbours in central‐east Europe (CEE) on traditional power relations in the region. It argues that the politics of reconciliation scramble conventional power calculations in substantive ways to elevate CEE authority in their relations with Germany. Moreover, the politics of reconciliation highlight the intersection of domestic and foreign policy which, since 1990, have favoured the ability of domestic factors in Germany and CEE to promote or impede reconciliation. The Treaties of Friendship, signed by Germany with Poland, Czechoslovakia and Hungary after unification provide the empirical benchmark used to compare the different trajectories in bilateral relations which have developed under the umbrella of reconciliation.     

An African response to the new wave of afro‐pessimism

The Afro‐pessimism that has resurfaced in parts of the world has no foundation and has provoked strong objections on several grounds. First, the timing is inappropriate as a number of new development indicators suggest that a good basis is now being laid in Africa for a better future economic performance. Secondly, there is an upsurge of Afro‐optimism among African and world leaders with the advent of the New Partnership for Africa's Development (Nepad). But more fundamentally, the growth concept which forms the basis for bleak projections on Africa's ability to reduce poverty, is flawed and the presumed strong growth‐poverty correlation empirically discredited. Additionally, it is a fallacy to assume that the reforms of the past 20 years were consistent with the continent's long‐term development trajectories given that the continent was unresponsive, remaining poor and ‘structurally undevelopable’.

On the contrary, these reforms have been pronounced by a World Bank assessment team as being defective in objectives and design, operationally dysfunctional and an example of massive resource misallocation, all of which have collectively worsened Africa's poverty and income disparity conditions. Particularly ironic is the concept of ‘structural stability’ prescribed in the ‘Memorandum for a New Start for German African Policy’, as it falls short of engaging fully and comprehensively the broader spectrum of structural distortions, weaknesses and rigidities, including the lack of economic structural transformation which is critical for achieving sustained economic growth and significant poverty reduction. The international community will now have to look at channelling resources to reshape, support and refine Africa's own initiative — Nepad.     

The delegations: Preliminary sketch of a semi‐parliamentary institution

Summary

The introduction of glasnost heralded a revival of interest in the last years of tsarism and the period of semi‐constitutional monarchy from 1905–1917. The October Manifesto of 1905 was the first time a Russian autocrat had devolved any part of his unlimited and autocratic powers to an elected assembly. The Duma, which met for the first time in April 1906, was a parliament, but it had limited powers and the Tsar still referred to himself as an autocrat.

During the period between the summer of 1905 and the Duma opening there was a considerable debate in Russian intellectual and political circles as to the form the new body should take and what its powers should be. This paper is primarily concerned to discuss this debate and the differing concepts of the role of the Duma. It examines the historical precedents in Russian history for the idea of such a body and looks at the ideas put forward as to the nature of the new parliament by different political groups. It concentrates on the various branches of the liberal movement but also considers briefly the attitudes taken by the socialists and within government circles.     

Structuring parliamentary politics: Party organization in eighteenth‐century Sweden

SUMMARY

The English universities were enfranchised as parliamentary constituencies in letters patent issued by James I in 1604. The various approaches made to the Tudor regime by some of the senior members of Oxford and Cambridge to have ‘burgesses in parliament’ to protect and promote the rights of the respective universities and their colleges were largely responses to the problems caused by the persistent contentions and conflict of interests between ‘town and gown’ in both places. These abortive attempts to add new constituencies to the expanding parliamentary system in the sixteenth century are seen against the background of medieval precedents for the summoning by the Crown of university lawyers to parliament. On three separate occasions after the Reformation, the petitions for the privilege of representation addressed to the monarch and privy councillors were associated with requests that the lower clergy in the Church of England be represented in the House of Commons as well as in the Convocations of the Church. Parliament itself does not seem to have played a part in initiating these overtures or in sanctioning the final grant of representation, which, like the enfranchisement of incorporated boroughs, was an exercise of the royal prerogative. Both universities responded positively to the advice tendered in 1604 by the attorney-general, Sir Edward Coke, that they return as their representatives civil lawyers rather than clerical members of their governing bodies. The possible constitutional significance of this recommendation and its implementation is considered in the context of some contemporary ideas of representation and the failure at this time of the ‘inferior clergy’ generally to gain a presence in the House of Commons to complement that of the spiritual lords in the upper chamber. In the later modern period the separate university franchise was extended in turn to all modern academic institutions on attaining full university status, but was abolished by the post-war Labour Government in 1948.     

The Ottoman empire in the mid‐nineteenth century: a review

Roderick H. Davison, Reform in the Ottoman Empire, 1856–1876, xiv + 479 pp., bibliography, index; Princeton University Press, London: Oxford University Press, £5 5s.     

The nature and status of trouble spots in North‐east Asia

James Traub, The Best Intentions: Kofi Annan and the UN in the Era of American Power. London: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2006. ISBN: 9780747584452, R214, 448 pages.

Christopher Landsberg, The Quiet Diplomacy of Liberation: International Politics and South Africa's Transition. Johannesburg: Jacana Media, 2004. ISBN 1–77009–028–2, R123.00. 264 pages.

Joseph E Stiglitz, Making Globalisation Work: The Next Steps to Global Justice. London: Allen Lane, an imprint of Penguin Books, 2006. ISBN: 9780713999099, R254, 384 pages.

Omar Nasiri, Inside the Global Jihad: How I Infiltrated Al Qaeda and was Abandoned by Western Intelligence. Johannesburg: Jacana Books, 2006. ISBN: 1770093184, R159, 336 pages.