The ethics of resigning

Resigning from office is a critical ethical decision for individuals. Resignation also remains one of the basic moral resources for individuals of integrity. The option to resign reinforces integrity, buttresses responsibility, supports accountability, and can provide leverage and boundary drawing. I argue that the moral reasons to resign flow from three related moral dimensions of integrity. Individuals in office promise to live up to the obligation of the office. This promise presumes that individuals have the capacity to make and keep promises, the competence to do the tasks of office, and the ability to be effective. This article examines how failure in each of these areas generates strong moral reasons to resign. ©1999 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.     

Reintegrating disadvantaged communities into the fabric of urban life: The role of community development

Abstract

This article analyzes the extent to which systematic spatial variations in opportunities in metropolitan areas provide a persuasive rationale for three current strategies for stimulating the development of urban communities: enterprise zone programs, community development financial institutions, and community development corporations. It examines whether the strategies are appropriately designed to respond to serious deficiencies in opportunities in distressed inner cities and reviews available evidence about their efficacy in addressing those deficiencies.

A review of the literature reveals that poor inner‐city neighborhoods, particularly communities of color, have unequal access to opportunities in numerous areas, including employment, credit and financial services, housing, neighborhood shopping, and social networks and services that provide access to information and resources. The limited best‐case evidence indicates that the three strategies vary greatly in their ability to address these inequalities.     

论城市社区的民主合作治理

城市社区的民主合作治理,就是将城市社区的"公-私"和"私-私"这两条治理关系结合起来,以居民委员会为中枢机制,将基层政权机关的管理、社区居民的自治和社区利益团体参与治理整合起来,而形成的城市社区治理模式.城市社区的民主合作治理模型,重视社区主体之间双重三层多向度的合作博弈,具有重要的现实意义和多方面的理论依据.这种民主合作的治理方式,经过学者的归纳和总结,已经获得了各级政权机关的确认和肯定.     

论中国城市社区建设中的居民参与

社区居民参与问题是社区建设中深为人们关注的问题 ,在城市社区建设中处于重要的地位。从我国的实际情况来看 ,社区居民参与的现状不容乐观 ,作者认为为了改善这种情况 ,要在培育居民社区意识的基础上 ,激发居民参与热情 ,进而建立完善的社区居民参与机制     

Silent citizens: reflections on community,habit, and the silent majority in political life

This article identifies two different senses in which the concept of ‘community’ can be seen to underpin the norm of vocal participation in democratic politics. The first is a broadly liberal view of community – traceable to Alexis de Tocqueville – that promotes active, vocal, and autonomous citizens and acts as a buffer between the state and the individual. A second broadly conservative view of community in the writings, for example, of Edmund Burke and T.S. Eliot treats community as organic, passive, and largely silent. It valorizes habit and habitual relationships as supporting political life through obedience to the law and respect for authority. While these two traditions stand apart, what is striking about both views of community is the one point about which both agree: citizens' sense of community is in decline within liberal democracies today. Thus silence and silent majorities are problematic to both traditions, albeit for different reasons.     

我国公共政策发展中的民生价值取向

公共政策的价值取向以政策制定者的价值偏好、政策的强制性、公共性为基础,贯穿政策全过程.当前,以民生为价值取向的公共政策已成为我国和谐社会建设的自觉选择,日益深化的体制改革、不断完善的法律政策和科学发展路径,推动着政治资源配置、财产权利和发展机会走向公平正义,彰显出我国公共政策维护民生的价值追求.     

Lessons learned from a small native American community

The decision not to build Orme Dam was a great political victory for residents of the Fort McDowell Indian Reservation in central Arizona. This article examines the conditions that gave rise to what most considered an unlikely outcome, and the lessons it suggests for understanding the politics of large water projects. These lessons include the importance of understanding that rationality takes multiple forms; that how value is expressed can be as significant as what, and how much, something is valued; that identity politics which elaborates and celebrates cultural differences can be an effective means for challenging even powerful bureaucracies; and that law can be an important mediating structure in the politics of bureaucratic decision‐making. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

传统生命观的诠释与生命教育

生命是人类一切活动或尊严的基石和根本，是构建社会主义和谐社会的前提和基础。只有生命意识深入人心，只有每个人的生命得到珍爱、尊重、敬畏和保障，社会生活才能真正走上和谐。因此，在构建和谐社会的整个过程中，必须加强生命教育，形成珍爱生命、尊重生命、敬畏生命、善待生命的良好社会氛围。     

从实践的观点论价值

实践的观点是唯物史观的基石，共产主义人生价值观应建立于实践观点的基础之上。共产主义人生价值观又是马克思主义哲学价值论在人生问题上的表现和应用，马克思主义哲学价值论也应以实践观点为基石。基于此，本文拟对物的价值与人的价值、生命价值与人生价值、人生的自我价值与社会价值及共产主义人生价值观等进行深入的思考和探讨。一、价值是什么？从实践的观点看，价值无疑是客体对主体的关系。而客体对主体的关系是物（本文所说的“物”指包括人在内的宇宙中的任何事物）对人的关系。物对人的关系可分为两种：一是物对人的自在关系，一…     

诠释学视阈下的实践理性——论理查德·伯恩斯坦的科学诠释学

伯恩斯坦基于诠释学的理论视角,重新审视了科学家对经验的理解、理论选择和学术对话等科学实践活动中蕴含的实践理性,在后现代主义和新实用主义的语境下重塑了科学的理性形象,并为科学与人文的交流和对话开辟出了一条极具启发的新思路。     

The mutuality of risk and community: the adjudication of community notification statutes

Although it has drawn significant attention in the legal literature, the adjudication of community notification statutes (often referred to as 'Megan's Law' in the United States) demonstrates a centrality of both risk and community that deserves attention from a governance perspective. In this paper, I focus on the ways in which concepts of risk and community are mutually constitutive, and how the adjudication of community notification statutes relies on particular visions of 'community' to engage particular ways of conceiving of 'risk', much of which relies on a rejection of expertise and a focus on 'common sense'. This focus on 'common sense', opens up new problematics of government: courts adjudicating community notification cases are working to define the particular mechanics of a state-civil society partnership, and thereby operationalize the preventive state without rendering the state redundant or obsolete, and without opening the state to new forms of legal and political accountability. While providing a case study in the move to advanced liberal governance in the area of criminal law, this adjudication also reveals the contingent nature of risk, and the ways in which judicial invocation of 'risk' and its management can constitute liberal subjects who continue to rely on the state, while no longer expecting the state to be accountable for crime or its control.     

精彩人生源于超越自我 发展改革旨在执政为民

<正>中共哈尔滨市委十二届八次全会确立的"超越自我、再塑形象、奋起追赶、努力晋位,把哈尔滨建设成为现代大都市"的总体目标和"北跃、南拓、中兴、强县"发展战略,以     

自我批判和反思--建国后冯友兰对人生境界说的重新认识述析

作为 2 0世纪中国最为重要的哲学家和中国哲学史专家 ,冯友兰先生无论在解放前还是在解放后都产生了巨大的影响。而其影响既建基于他半个多世纪以来丰硕的学术建树之上 ,同时也和他“道术多迁变”[1] (Ｐ3 11) 的学术历程及其引起的争议有关。我们在研究时 ,既应探讨和汲取他那些受到广泛认同的学术成就 ,同时也应关注他解放后“道术”的多变及其原因和影响。目前学术界对于前一方面的工作做得较多 ,相对来说 ,后一方面的工作似显得薄弱一些。但后一方面的工作仍然有着可观的学术价值 ,这不仅能够反映冯先生个人精神世界的变迁 ,而且可以作…     

Education,identity, and community: lessons from Jewish emancipation

Why do some minority communities take up opportunities for education while others reject them? To shed light on this, we study the impact of Jewish Emancipation in nineteenth century Europe on patterns of education. In Germany, non-religious and Reform Jews dramatically increased their rates of education. In the less developed parts of Eastern Europe, Orthodox and ultra-Orthodox communities imposed unprecedented restrictions on secular education and isolated themselves from society. Explaining this bifurcation requires a model of education that is different from the standard human capital approach. In our model, education not only confers economic benefits but also transmits values that undermine the cultural identity of minority groups. We show that it is individually rational for agents who benefit least from rising returns to education to respond by reducing their investment in education. Group-level sanctions for high levels of education piggyback upon this effect and amplify it.