产业政策如何驱动中国应急产业发展?——基于应急产业政策的文本分析

在风险社会背景下,公共安全管理对应急产品和服务的需求不断增长,应急产业应运而生。国家自2007年开始陆续出台政策引导应急产业发展,随着2018年应急管理部的成立,一系列产业政策及措施正越来越成为规范和驱动应急产业发展的重要力量。构建"主体—工具—价值链"三维政策分析框架,采用内容分析法,对国家层面36项政策进行的文本分析显示:我国应急产业政策在主体维度上,呈现"简单"多元化特征;政策工具选择上,供给型政策工具使用过度,需求型政策工具使用不足;在创新价值链维度上,研发阶段政策供给过度,试验、产业化阶段政策覆盖不足。基于此,产业政策驱动应急产业发展需要从政策主体、政策工具和政策价值链三个维度同时推进。     

能源变革中的首都西南区域经济发展与战略选择

石油、天然气等非再生能源供给约束对经济发展的制约,使人类开始探索第三次能源变革。伴随每次能源结构变革是现代产业发展的巨大变化,后者又进一步推动经济社会发展。北京致力于世界城市建设,其经济社会发展要形成国际影响力与控制力,其顺应能源发展趋势的合理产业布局至关重要,而首都西南区域目前正处于传统产业退出、接续产业尚未形成时期,如果利用后发优势,建立国家战略性新兴能源产业基地,将可能实现区域经济的跨越式发展。     

Thinking Strategically in Federal Policy: Defining the Attributes of High‐level Policies

Governments frequently develop policies that are strategic in nature. Strategic issues at the national level are those requiring long timeframes for impact, coordinated approaches across multiple tiers of government, are cross‐sectoral, and require systemic approaches to design and implementation. Yet the process of how national strategic polices are developed and implemented in Australia is unclear, and largely unattended in the literature. This paper provides a foundation to understanding the characteristics of strategic polices and approaches to their development. Five national policies are compared (National Competition Policy, National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development, the Strategic Roadmap for Australian Research Infrastructure, Australia in the Asian Century, and the National Food Plan) and discussed. An analytical framework is constructed and key attributes of strategic policy identified.     

养老产业政策体系及其协调性--基于政策文本的量化分析

发展养老产业是应对未来深度老龄化的重要国家战略。聚焦养老产业政策体系,构建其协调性分析框架,选取调查2006—2018年中央、陕西省及安康市的资料,分析国家、省、市三级层面现行养老产业政策文本,应用MAXQDA软件对其进行编码,采用文本内容分析、共词分析、社会网络分析与聚类分析方法,对养老产业政策层级、政策发展历程、政策主体、政策效力、政策专项性、政策内容等进行双维协调性定量分析。研究发现:养老产业政策体系内部不同层级之间政策联系紧密,涉及的政策各要素较为完备,但仍然存在纵向、横向维度中的不协调因素。应通过丰富养老产业政策类型与内容、优化体系结构、加强相关部门合作等有效措施,进一步提升养老产业政策体系的协调性,为推动养老产业的健康可持续发展奠定制度基础。     

支柱产业选择与中国旅游产业的效用研究

支柱产业是在一定时期内能够支撑和推动国民经济发展的产业。当前 ,旅游业已成为我国国民经济新的增长点 ,具有成为我国支柱产业的条件和优势。     

The Politics of Climate Policy: Strategic Options for National Governments

This article summarises the results so far of an international investigation aimed at identifying political strategies that make it easier for national governments to take more effective action against climate change while avoiding significant political damage. The numerous strategic options identified included strategies involving unilateral action by governments, strategies of persuasion, damage limitation strategies, strategies that can be used in political exchange with other political actors, and strategies designed to improve the bargaining position of governments by altering the terms of political exchange. The article concludes with a shortlist of especially promising strategies.     

企业战略联盟伙伴选择研究

企业战略联盟对于提高企业抗风险的能力,实现企业绩效稳定持续增长具有非常重要的意义。虽然战略联盟具有很多优势,但却是很难管理的一种组织方式。据资料显示,战略联盟的成功率只有30%,而失败的主要原因是与联盟伙伴的关系问题。如何使战略联盟取得成功,进一步改进战略联盟的稳定性,是所有参加联盟的企业必须考虑的重大问题。     

Confronting the Governance Challenges of Developing Nigeria's Extractive Industry: Policy and Performance in the Oil and Gas Sector1

The issue of economic growth and human development has been a central concern in the oil and gas sector of Nigeria's extractive industry, and this has featured prominently in the agitations and generalized restiveness in the Niger Delta, the oil‐producing region. While many studies have focused on these problems, policies aimed at confronting them have not received much broad attention. This article bridges this research gap by holistically focusing on the solution to the problem. In doing this, the article examines the policies during the Obasanjo administration from 1999 to 2007 in order to critically assess the efficacy or inefficiency of the policies in reversing the general problem now known as the “resource curse,” and to offer a better understanding of the deeper political, social, and economic issues that drive outcomes. The article finds that while significant efforts were made to avoid the boom and bust cycle of oil and lower volatility by de‐linking public expenditure from oil revenue through the “oil‐price‐based fiscal rule,” generally, progress in this area was not matched by improvement in the other areas examined by this study, notably peace and safety of lives and oil/gas installations, the development of the oil‐producing region, environmental security and sustainability, and the transparent and accountable use of oil/gas revenues.     

Cluster Policy and Smart Specialisation The Case of Bulgaria

Smart specialisation is an innovative policy concept which emphasizes the principle of prioritisation in a vertical logic and has attracted a wide interest in recent years, being implemented in many national technology and innovation strategies. Clusters are considered to be a major driver of innovation and competitiveness and for years, have been assigned a key role in various economic development strategies around the world. The paper looks at the interrelationship between clusters and smart specialisation. While clusters are an important building block of Smart Specialisation Strategies （$3）, cluster policies are also influenced by the concept of smart specialisation as they have increasingly started to target specific industries. The principal objective of the paper is to provide an overview and evaluation of the cluster policy pursued in Bulgaria during the last decade. The extent to which the country has used the principle of smart specialisation in its cluster initiatives is assessed. It has been argued that namely due to the lack of clear focus and prioritisation, Bulgaria＇s cluster policy proved to be highly inefficient. Finally, some policy recommendations for its improvement are put forward.     

Policy Change and Industry Associability: The Australian Mining Sector

In this paper we use evidence from the recent trajectories of mining industry associations in the Australian federation to argue for the significance of institutional explanations for the formation and maintenance of interest groups. We argue that the recent lack of consultation by the Commonwealth government with the Minerals Council of Australia over resources rent taxation proposals reflected a weakness that resulted from the shifting basis of associability stemming from institutional changes.