Law as Redemption: A Historical Comparison of the Ways Marginalized People Use Courts

Bryen, Ari Z. 2013 . Violence in Roman Egypt: A Study in Legal Interpretation . Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press. Pp. 376. $75.00 cloth; $75.00 eBook. This essay reflects on how Bryen's Violence in Roman Egypt (2013), a study of second‐century Roman Egypt, contributes to the study of law and on how legal culture in ancient Egypt relates to law and legal cultures in other times and places. From the perspective of social history, this essay focuses on the connections between the victims of violence who seek redress in local courts in Egypt and more contemporary work on the legacy of slavery in colonial Ghana and the United States. This comparison reveals how law becomes a vehicle for the marginalized to repair and reconstruct their personhood.     

Double Nationality in the EU: An Argument for Tolerance

Currently the Member States' nationalities, short of being abolished in the legal sense, mostly serve as access points to the status of EU citizenship. Besides, they provide their owners with a limited number of specific rights in deviation from the general principle of non‐discrimination on the basis of nationality, and—what is probably more important for the majority of their owners—trigger legalised discrimination in the wholly internal situations. Viewed in this light, the requirement to have only one Member State's nationality enforced in national law by 10 Member States seems totally outdated and misplaced. This paper focuses on the legal analysis of this controversial requirement.     

著作财产权客体结构中的使用行为——审视著作权法权利作用“焦点”的一个阐释进路

知识产权客体是一种多重构造体系,除涵盖知识产权处分客体(知识产权利益)以外,还存在知识产权支配客体(使用行为)与行为客体(抽象物)之分。就著作财产权而言,权利作用"焦点"的行为客体路径更多制造的是表述模糊的历史性概念,在权利边界的设定方式上难以限定,并不能一劳永逸地解决著作财产权的权利作用"焦点"困境。著作财产权的支配权能并非指向独占之作品,而是限制他人对作品的某些使用行为。支配客体(使用行为)路径始终贯穿于著作财产权的权利作用"焦点"思路当中。在反思著作财产权的支配客体,对使用行为进行定性与价值判断时,应避免时下"合理使用"原则、"三步检验法"传统规则的价值偏向与闭合趋势。使用行为的"商业性"和"公开性"(即"公"、"私"区分)作为"合理使用"原则、"三步检验法"等使用行为定性及价值判断基准仍具有重要的补充和参考作用。     

The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in 2006: New Developments in International Humanitarian and Criminal Law

The year 2006 proved to be another productive year for the InternationalCriminal Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsiblefor Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committedin the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991. This articleexamines the eight judgements rendered by the Tribunal in 2006and highlights the principal developments in international humanitarianand criminal law at the Tribunal.     

The Development of the Moon: Some Prospects for Regulation By Law

The last ten years have been filled with significant achievements in the development of science and technology in the area of world space research. Artificial satellites are now being launched regularly to study space at various distances from the earth. The dispatch of Soviet automatic stations to the moon and to Venus have become virtually ordinary phenomena. But it must be stated that both manned flights to the moon and the launching of automatic devices have not yet emerged from the stage of scientific experimentation. In order for permanent, everyday "space work" to be done in space and on the moon, research stations equipped with sets of scientific instruments and capable of housing teams of explorers and scientists from various disciplines have to be created. So complex a task cannot be resolved at the present time, but it is one of the most important problems facing world space science.     

当代法学的历史使命——以中国法治建设为指向的法对策学思考

法学的历史使命是维护并阐释某种法治秩序。当代法学首先是根植于中国法律实践,阐释实践中的两个法律样本即技术性样本和政治性样本。政治性样本始终与现实的政治话语纠葛在一起,但作为一种政治智慧,要将社会问题司法化,同时避免司法问题的泛政治化,特别是不能超越法律规范。从这个角度说,法律可以被利用,但却不能被违反。纵观法治建设的历史,有革命式和渐进式两种模式。中国法治建设不能生拉硬扯,应该顺应历史和时空条件,走中国特色的渐进式法治之道。在经济改革拉动下的私法制度基本形成之后,下一步,应该在社会建设和政治改革的推进下,寻找建构法治秩序的突破口,完善社会法域和公法域的基本制度,在实践中形成中国式的法治秩序。     

State Responsibility for International Humanitarian Law Violations by Private Actors in Occupied Territories and the Exploitation of Natural Resources

Netherlands International Law Review - The interplay between public and private actors in the exploitation of natural resources in an occupied territory makes the regime of state and individual...     

转售价格维持案件违法性判定标准的立法史解释

理论界存在一种流行的观点认为《反垄断法》预判了转售价格维持(RPM)本身违法。此观点不成立。《反垄断法》调整对象高度复杂,条文高度抽象,法律解释是其适用的前提,解释工作的重点是查明立法者意图。该法条文本身并未清晰规定RPM不需要在个案中证明存在竞争损害。我国市场经济实践历史短,反垄断立法过程中对RPM的研究和调研不足,立法者对垄断行为的认识并不清晰。这说明立法者对市场规律的把握不足以判断RPM本身违法。立法释义明确拒绝就分析模式作出预判,且高度倾向于对RPM采用合理原则。     

To Wonderland Through the Looking-glass: Conceiving a Critical Legal Argument for Contractual Justice in the South African Law of Contract †

The aim of this paper is to identify the possible substructure (looking glass/es) of a critical legal argument for contractual justice (Wonderland) in the South African law of contract. South African contract law still fails, ten years after the constitutional transformation, to reflect the constitutional ideals of freedom, equality and human dignity in an acceptable manner. I argue that this disposition places a question mark over the legitimacy of contract law and marginalizes opportunities for the social change envisaged by the Constitution. The paper explores Duncan Kennedy’s Form and Substance-argument and indicates that the reluctance to accommodate these values may be attributable to the fact that the majority of role-players position themselves on the individualism/rules side of Kennedy’s continuum – a paradigm that perceives the law of contract as a body of positivistic rules to be applied neutrally and regardless of the social or socio-economic distortions its application may generate. In an attempt to move away from this traditional approach, the privileged paradigm is criticised. A typical CLS-approach is followed which employs sociology, psychological jurisprudence and game theory to criticise the law from outside the restrictive realms of law itself. Simultaneously, I attempt to illuminate the argument for a shift (step through the looking glass) to another paradigm. I conclude that our judiciary finds itself in a position similar to that of Plato’s prisoners in the cave and will not reach the point where they apply relevant (constitutional) values directly to contractual disputes. The State is thus responsible for infusing contract law with contractual justice, by implementing legislation to this effect in order to limit the hegemonic consequences of the judiciary’s obsession with freedom of contract and utopian rules, which fail in reality to further the ideal of justice. Paper presented at the Critical Legal Conference, 4 September 2004, London, UK. This paper is dedicated to the memory of the late Judge of Appeal, Mr. Justice P.J. Olivier. The paper is based on research conducted for the thesis in partial fulfilment of the degree LLD in the Faculty of Law at the University of Pretoria under the title ‘A critical legal argument for contractual justice in the South African law of contract.’ The degree supervisor is Professor Karin van Marle in the Department of Legal History, Comparative Law and Jurisprudence. The author wishes to thank the following persons for valuable deliberations and input: Karin van Marle, Graham Bradfield and Anashri Pillay. In addition, the author wishes to acknowledge and thank the University of Cape Town for financially supporting this research. †Paper presented at the Critical Legal Conference, 4 September 2004, London, UK. This paper is dedicated to the memory of the late Judge of Appeal, Mr. Justice P.J. Olivier. The paper is based on research conducted for the thesis in partial fulfilment of the degree LLD in the Faculty of Law at the University of Pretoria under the title ‘A critical legal argument for contractual justice in the South African law of contract.’ The degree supervisor is Professor Karin van Marle in the Department of Legal History, Comparative Law and Jurisprudence. The author wishes to thank the following persons for valuable deliberations and input: Karin van Marle, Graham Bradfield and Anashri Pillay. In addition, the author wishes to acknowledge and thank the University of Cape Town for financially supporting this research. apply relevant (constitutional) values directly to contractual disputes. The State is thus responsible for infusing contract law with contractual justice, by implementing legislation to this effect in order to limit the hegemonic consequences of the judiciary’s obsession with freedom of contract and utopian rules, which fail in reality to further the ideal of justice.     

Parenthood,Childhood and Injury: Some Dilemmas for the Law of Torts

This paper looks at some recent developments in the law of torts. It looks in particular at the emergence of civil claims with respect to child abuse and the confinements effected by traditional limitation periods in relation to those claims. It examines in particular in the first section the House of Lords decision in Stubbings v. Webb to the effect that civil claims over child sex abuse were time barred, and the subsequent unsuccessful appeal to the European Court of Human Rights which ruled by seven votes to two that there had been no violation of articles 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights. It is also noted that the Court ruled unanimously that there had been no violation of article 8; and by eight votes to one that there had been no violation of article 14. The paper turns in the second section to what have been called actions for wrongful birth, arguing that here we see the law of torts taking a more protective role, one which must be set side by side with the child abuse actions examined in the first part of the paper. Throughout the paper, both English and Australian law is canvassed. The major claims in this paper relate to what the author terms a singularly adult picture or rights and wrongs reflected in the law of torts.