APPLICATION OF MARKET MECHANISMS TO POLLUTION*

The authors indicate how science and social science can be combined to assess the range and effectiveness of policy alternatives available to environmental decision-makers. They focus on cost-effective regulatory alternatives to the Los Angeles particulate sulfate problem. Both sciences are applied to the relationship of emissions to pollution levels and environmental quality. They reject the notion that a simple reduction in emissions leads to a commensurate reduction in pollution levels. The problem of applying licenses and emissions fees are reviewed, as are the difficulties of political feasibility.     

LA's the place: The Urban character and significance of Los Angeles 1

Michael Dear, H. Eric Shockman, and Greg Hise, eds., Rethinking Los Angeles. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1996.

William Fulton, The Reluctant Metropolis: The Politics of Urban Growth in Los Angeles. Point Arena, CA: Solano Press Books, 1997)

Roger Keil, Los Angeles: Globalization, Urbanization and Social Struggles. Chichester, UK: 1998.

Allen J. Scott and Edward J. Soja, eds., The City: Los Angeles and Urban Theory at the End of the Twentieth Century. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.     

What should be done?

Francine F. Rabinovitz is professor of public administration at the University of Southern California and vice president of Hamilton, Rabinovitz and Alschuler, Inc. (HR&A), policy and management consultants, with offices in Los Angeles and New York. HR&A produced the first comprehensive study of the homeless in the Skid Row area of Los Angeles, The Changing Face of Misery: Los Angeles’s Skid Row Area in Transition.That study was adjudged one of the two best quality analyses of the homeless mentally ill population in the nation to date by the U.S. General Accounting Office in 1988.     

THE ROLE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION*

The creation of an Australian Government Department of the Environment and Conservation represents, I believe, a major step at the national government level towards bringing a new dimension into the decision-making process. The significance of this step remains to be seen. It will depend on continuing acceptance by all levels of government of the need to have regard to environment and conservation matters in making decisions, and it is too soon yet to predict to what extent it will be accepted.     

THE IMAGE OF THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATOR: THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE PRESS*

The theme of this conference is "the image of the public administrator". This puts me immediately on the spot, since I suspect that many public servants believe that if that image is less flattering than they would like it to be, the fault lies largely with the press. This notion, which is also popular in the professions, is at once comforting and dangerous. It is comforting because it is always a relief to find that it is someone else's fault that one is unloved. It is dangerous because it encourages a retreat back into complacency.     

Governance: The Collision of Politics and Cooperation

Three newly established public agencies built regional rail projects in Los Angeles County from 1978 to 2002. The Los Angeles County Transportation Commission, the Los Angeles Metropolitan Transportation Authority, and the Alameda Corridor Transportation Authority were experiments in regional governance. Conventional understanding of these agencies only partially explains their successes and failures. One path to improved understanding is to combine research on the politics of designing new public agencies with research on cooperation in collective action problems. What emerges is an untold story of American politics: the evolution of mechanisms that promote cooperation. Four findings emerge: (1) conflict is inevitable; (2) public agencies can succeed despite the problems of politics; (3) successful regional solutions are intensely local; and (4) cooperation emerges from supply-side mechanisms that create new resources rather than reallocate existing resources. The limits of politics are neither random nor predestined—neither is the governance solution.     

SOME ASPECTS OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE CITY OF GOLD COAST

The Administration appointed to take over the Gold Coast City Council was constituted as follows. An Administrator was appointed by the Governor in Council on 4 March 1978. He became Administrator and Chairman of the Executive Committee. The Administrator thus became the Council of the City of Gold Coast. Two Members of the Executive Committee were appointed on the same date by the Minister for Local Government and Main Roads to assist the Administrator. The initial term of appointment was to 30 June 1978, later extended to 30 September 1978, and finally extended to 31 March 1979 to coincide with the Triennial Local Government elections in the State of Queensland. In each case it was the Governor in Council who extended the term of the Administrator and the Minister who extended the terms of the Committee Members.     

Intergovernmental Challenges of the 1984 Olympic Games

Planning and managing the 1984 Olympic Games presented uniquefinancial and intergovernmental challenges for city officialsin Los Angeles, but governmental cooperation and an innovativepublic/private partnership to finance and run the Games provedto be successful. Under strict restrictions against spendinglocal tax dollars, the City of Los Angeles assigned managementof the Games to a non-profit committee which raised privatefunds to finance the Games. In cooperation with surroundingjurisdictions and the federal government, the city providedkey services (such as police and fire protection, transportationplanning, and visitor services) under contract to the OlympicCommittee and used two Olympic-related taxes to pay for theseservices, with the Olympic Committee paying for additional expenses.The 1984 Olympics resulted in an estimated economic impact of$3.3 billion on Southern California and left Los Angeles witha number of new and refurbished sports and cultural facilities.Moreover, the Olympic Organizing Committee accrued a surplusof over $215 million, 40 percent of which was targeted to benefityouth sports organizations in southern California.     

THE ANALYSIS OF DESIGN OR THE DESIGN OF ANALYSIS?

The policy sciences have advanced in the past by introspection, and there appears to be a need for a return to such self-conscious examination of the field of inquiry. A design orientation offers a useful framework for such an examination. It requires reconsideration of some of the fundamental premises of policy inquiry. This article explores what impact design might have on the conventional process framework and then proceeds to discuss the development of a design perspective.     

THE THESIS OF THE TWO MILLS

Abstract. How successful was J. S. Mill in reconciling the various elements in his thought which, on his own account, he tried to weave together in the period after he ceased to be a dogmatic Benthamite? This much discussed issue is raised afresh by some recent studies, especially Gertrude Himmelfarb's On Liberty and Liberalism and Paul Feyerabend's Against Method . The former argues that there is a conflict between the Mill of On Liberty and the conception of liberty to be found in his other writings, whilst the latter claims that On Liberty is not only a corrective to Mill's Logic but to all attempts to lay down rules for the conduct of scientific enquiry. Can these versions of the'two Mills thesis'be sustained?     

Improving large-scale implementations by applying research and data analysis: A case study on First 5 LA's implementation of PCIT in Los Angeles County

This paper presents the case of First 5 LA's 5-year countywide implementation of the Parent–Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) program. Enthusiasts of PCIT point to it as a high-quality parenting program with the potential to positively influence child behavior, reduce recidivism into the child welfare system, and increase caregiver's confidence and self-esteem. In September 2012, First 5 LA, an independent County agency in Los Angeles that advocates on behalf of parents with young children, began a $20 million countywide implementation of PCIT. The collaborative effort between First 5 LA, the Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, the Los Angeles County Department of Children and Family Services, and the University of California, Davis demonstrates the role that research and data analysis can play in improving large-scale implementations. The authors of this paper were contracted to conduct an evaluation of the implementation of the countywide PCIT program, and preliminary outcomes were analyzed after the first round of data collection in early 2015. This paper will discuss this case and provide examples of how research and data analysis were used effectively to make key improvements to the design and implementation of the program. The paper will then discuss bureaucratic challenges and constraints with the collaborative use of research and data. The paper will conclude with some recommendations on how research and data can effectively be used to influence policy implementation in large-scale implementations involving collaboration among multiple organizations.     

庭审直播案件范围的法理学分析

庭审直播的案件范围是庭审直播这一领域里一个值得探讨的问题,尤其是如何用法律规则来调整这个问题更是需要我们进一步深入地研究。对此,本文在整理相关文献的基础上,结合我国庭审直播的立法现状以及国际上关于庭审直播的规定,分别从实体上,程序上,例外情况,以及权利的救济,立法形式等角度探讨如何用法律规范和调整庭审直播案件范围这一重要问题。