论行政道德法制建设

现在行政违法行为和行政失当行为屡见不鲜,出现这种情况的一个主要原因是行政主体行政道德意识薄弱,而且这种行为都是对公务员行政道德的违反,都应该承担行政道德责任,所以当前应该强调加强行政道德建设。本文认为,在着力进行教育和培训的同时还应进行法制建设,建立对行政主体的道德责任监控机制。行政道德法制建设的主要内容有:制定公务员行政道德规范并推进其法规化进程;完善公务员行政道德教育、培训制度;建立监督行政道德执行的专门机构等。本文主要论述最后一方面,提出建立公务员行政道德专员委员会的设想,并分析该机关与现有机关的协调,以达到各机关总体效益的最大化。     

Pharmacy practice developments: the potential impact on pharmacists' legal liability

The practice of pharmacy has changed over recent years with a greater emphasis on the patient and the provision of patient care services. This expanded role of pharmacists as medication managers has resulted in changes to their professional responsibility and potential legal liability. Recent international case law demonstrates an increased legal liability of pharmacists in certain instances. However, pharmacists' liability in this new context in Australia is yet to be clarified.     

Emergence of the battered woman syndrome: The impact upon the legal system

The purpose of this review article is to analyze the emergence of the battered woman syndrome and how it currently impacts the legal system. The battered woman syndrome is compared with other syndromes used in the courts and then unresolved issues surrounding the usage of the battered woman syndrome are discussed.     

试论社会救助法制建设中的政府责任

现代政府的职责和功能就是为了满足社会公共需要,提供公共产品。在社会保障体系中,社会救助具有纯公共产品的特征,主要应该由国家来提供。在社会救助法制建设中,政府的公共管理与服务职责尤为明显。作为社会的管理者,政府必须以保障社会成员生存权利、缓和社会矛盾、增进公民福利为主要职责。因此,政府的责任表现、存在的问题及完善途径都是值得深入探讨的重大课题。     

Race, gender, and motivation for becoming a police officer: Implications for building a representative police department

Police departments have come under increasing pressure from community groups, professional organizations, and their constituents to hire more female and minority officers. Although prior research suggested that there might be both gender and racial differences in the factors influencing the decision to enter police work, much of the work was dated and findings were mixed. The current research, conducted in spring 2002, examined motivations for entering police work among a sample of 278 academy recruits in the New York City Police Department (NYPD). Findings indicated that motivations for becoming a police officer were similar regardless of race or gender, and the most influential factors were altruistic and practical, specifically the opportunity to help others, job benefits, and security. Minor differences did emerge among male and female recruits, as well as among Whites, Hispanics, and African Americans, but the practical implications of those differences seemed limited. The article concludes with a discussion of implications for recruitment efforts as police departments seek to draw more diverse applicant pools and build more representative law enforcement agencies.     

试析法治建设面临的基本矛盾

当前,法治已成为我国社会发展的重要追求目标。但由于我国是一个有着悠久历史和独特传统的文明古国,在这样厚实的历史土壤上培育新的种子,不可避免地存在着一些冲突或矛盾,清醒地认识并妥善解决这些矛盾,对全面理解“依法治国”理论不无稗益。 （一）应然社会与实然社会 费孝通先生于４０年代撰著出版的《乡土中国》一书中,将以“乡土社会”为特色的中国社会秩序称之为“礼治秩序”,以与现代社会的“法治秩序”相区别。当代中国显然不同于传统中国社会,从制度层面上去分析,应该说基本上属于现代社会形态。“人民代表大会制”早已施…     

我国血吸虫病防治法制建设的现实状况与突出问题分析及对策

本文分析了我国血吸虫病防治领域法制建设的现实状况与突出问题,通过典型的案例及分析,力求把血吸虫病防治纳入法制化轨道,以保证政府在法律规定的范围内行使血防管理权,并使这种权利得到社会和公众的有效监督。     

建立刑事辩护律师专业资格制度的法律思考

为了提高刑事辩护水平,推进司法公正进程,适应现代社会专业化发展的需要,我国应当建立刑事辩护律师专业资格制度.其具体设计包括:专业考试、严格实习、提高待遇、改善环境等内容.     

The legal impact of Bologna implementation: exploring criticisms and critiques of the Bologna process

This paper reviews some of the critical assessments of the Bologna Process, notably by Neave and Amaral and Teichler. Other secondary material referred to includes Reinalda and Kulesza, Corbett and Greatrix. It is arguable that the Bologna Process is part of the generally over-bureaucratic and very costly context of European Union (EU) continent-wide activity, except one that (perhaps depressingly) involves a much larger range of nations than those which are formally members of the EU. I do here need to declare an interest in that I am what in the UK is call a ‘Eurosceptic’, perceiving the EU to be a grotesquely expensive, fraudulent and sclerotic entity that is in grave danger of its major original advantage (probably avoiding a third European civil war during the second half of the last century) being significantly outweighed by its growing disadvantage as now an over-interventionist and over-ambitious and under-competent example of ‘big government’.     

法律规范的逻辑结构新论

准确界定法律规范的概念,是进行逻辑结构分析的前提。根据语义分析哲学对概念的功能论理解,法律规范作为一个被建构起来的概念,应当强调它是能够相对独立地发挥法律调整功能的最小单元。由于法律规范的“最小单元”性质未能引起足够的重视,以往诸种法律规范的逻辑结构理论各有利弊得失,却存在一个共同的缺陷:把“法律规范间的逻辑结构”(或“规范性法律文件的逻辑结构”)误为“法律规范的逻辑结构”。这一误区导致法律规范逻辑结构理论的解释力和应用性受到影响,不仅难以解释刑事法律规范的结构,而且很少在部门法中被实际运用。法律规范的逻辑结构应当采用新的“三要素说”:法律事实 规范模态词 法律效果。     

Examining legal authoritarianism in the impact of punishment severity on juror decisions

Recent Supreme Court decisions point to an increased reliance on juries to determine a defendant's sentence. Evidence is mixed on whether jurors are more likely to convict when the potential punishment is mild. The current study examined this issue, as well as the impact of legal authoritarianism (LA) (Kravitz, D. A., Cutler, B. L., & Brock, P. 1993. Reliability and validity of the original and revised legal attitudes questionnaire. Law and Human Behavior, 17, 661–677. doi: 10.1007/BF01044688), on jurors’ decisions. An ethnically diverse sample of participants completed the individual difference measure prior to viewing a videotaped, reenacted criminal trial. We manipulated the severity of the punishment the defendant would receive if convicted. Results indicated LA moderated the effect of punishment severity on verdict. Specifically, at higher levels of punishment severity, civil libertarians convicted less, while legal authoritarians convicted more. That is, the severity-leniency effect held for civil libertarians, but not for legal authoritarians. As juries become more responsible for determining a defendant's sentence, attorneys should be aware of the defendant's potential sentence and use voir dire to identify jurors who are higher on LA.     

16-19世纪大陆法学对英国法律思想的影响

1600年至1900年的300年间,大陆法律对英国法律思想的影响可以分为三个时期:拉丁语时期、法语时期和德语时期.17世纪及18世纪初期,来自大陆法系的影响主要反映在有关罗马法和自然法--在当时不可能对二者加以截然区分--的拉丁语作品上;18世纪的绝大部分以及19世纪的最初四分之一时期,法语著作的影响占据了支配地位;19世纪的另外四分之三时期基本上处在德语著述的影响之下.     

The impact of victim provocation on judgments of legal responsibility: An experimental assessment

This study examines the effects of victim provocation on judgments of the legal responsibility for a homicide. Previous research and various legal rulings suggest that victim provocation is related to judicial decision-making. However, the magnitude of this relationship has not been assessed.Using a quasi-experimental procedure in which subjects read a case account of a homicide, this study indicates that as victim provocation increases, the level of legal responsibility and the years of imprisonment attributed to the offender decreases. The paper concludes with suggestions for future research in actual judicial decision-making, victim precipitation, and applying an attributional framework to these areas.     

The impact of cuts in legal aid funding on charities

This article focusses on the specific impact of the cuts in legal aid funding on the charitable sector. The sector plays a significant role in advice giving. Some charities have the provision of legal advice as their sole purpose, whilst the work of other charities includes the giving of legal advice. Funding comes via a number of sources including legal aid, local authorities and charitable trusts. Whilst this volume highlights the legal aid reforms that will lead to significant cuts in funding, this article notes that charitable providers of legal advice have also suffered major cuts from their other traditional funding sources. Against this background, the article considers the serious and often unforeseen consequences for charities of the legal aid reforms, which go far beyond the impact on the high street law firm and access to justice for claimants.