上海青少年事务社工在“合适成年人参与”工作中的实践与思考

开展“合适成年人参与”工作,既是未成年人健康成长的迫切需要,也是维护社会稳定的重要内容。近年来,上海共青团在这方面作了一些初步的探索。依托上海比较成熟的青少年事务社工专业队伍,让青少年事务社工承担“合适成年人’这个角色,以专业知识为基础,以社会工作方法为指导,本着“平等、尊重、接纳”的态度和“以人为本”的服务理念介入涉罪青少年的教育管理服务,保护未成年人在司法阶段的权益,协助其在司法程序后的发展,使司法公正体现人性化的一面。     

社区青少年的困境与战略出路

社区青少年是违法犯罪的高发群体，同时也是容易遭受侵害的脆弱群体。新形势下的社区青少年工作，既是一项社区青少年违法犯罪的预防控制工作，更是一项依法维护社区青少年权益、促进社区青少年健康发展的服务工作。     

“尊龙名社”案之忧思——关注网络“网罗”青少年违法犯罪现象

近年来，青少年利用网络实施或者参与实施盗窃、诈骗等侵害财产权益的犯罪越来越多，在一些网络涉黄淫秽案件中，广大青少年成为主要的受害者，但也有一些青少年称为了违法犯罪参与者。以前的这些网络犯罪或者可以称为网上犯罪，它们有一个重要特点就是以网络或者网络技术为实施犯罪的重要工具。而如今的“尊龙名社”案反映出的问题却又不同。     

污名化与闲散青少年违法犯罪

“污名化”是特定群体遭受社会排斥与歧视的过程。污名化使得闲散青少年遭受歧视和不公正的待遇,对其日常生活、角色及人际关系会产生重要的影响,使得闲散青少年心理上产生焦虑感、隔离感和被剥夺感,从而归属感缺失,自律性降低,严重地影响着闲散青少年对主流价值观的认同和对社会生活的心理适应,从而导致闲散青少年违法犯罪。     

网络接触中青少年被侵害及相关保护问题初探

网络的出现给人类的发展带来了前所未有的机遇,但是也带来了许多相关问题,如网上黑客的攻击、色情内容的传播、信息欺诈等,广大青少年也深受其害。认识网络接触中青少年被侵害及相关保护问题,有助于网络道德建设,加快青少年网络体系建设的步伐,使社会注重青少年网上行为教育,进一步完善有关政策法规,使青少年在网络接触的过程中,尽量少受网络信息的侵害。     

网络接触中青少年被侵害及相关保护问题初探

网络的出现给人类的发展带来了前所未有的机遇，但是也带来了许多相关问题，如网上黑客的攻击、色情内容的传播、信息欺诈等，广大青少年也深受其害。认识网络接触中青少年被侵害及相关保护问题，有助于网络道德建设，加快青少年网络体系建设的步伐，使社会注重青少年网上行为教育，进一步完善有关政策法规，使青少年在网络接触的过程中，尽量少受网络信息的侵害。     

未成年被害人权益保障新论

与成年人相比，未成年人由于其生理、心理发育尚不成熟，躲避、抵御侵害的自我保护机制还未形成等，更容易遭受某些犯罪的侵害，而且这种被害具有个性特征。针对未成年人被害的现状和特征，国家有责任构建和完善未成年被害人权益保障机制，以更好地为未成年人健康成长提供法治保障。只有包含受监护权和隐私权在内的实体性权利与包含陈述意见权和特别司法保护权在内的程序性权利均得到保障，才是未成年被害人权益保障的理想状态。     

互联网上青少年隐私权的法律保护

对网上青少年隐私的侵权现象,因其主体的特殊,日渐成为网络社会的又一热点与难点问题。个别网络公司与不良行为者采用“小甜饼”“网络臭虫”等技术手段非法刺探、搜集、滥用网上青少年隐私,这不仅严重侵害了广大青少年的人格权,而且直接危害其身心健康。对此,在立足现有法律法规监督、约束、惩罚的基础上,我国还应该通过不断完善相关法律、成立专门机构、加强法制宣传及鼓励主体自律等,逐步提高对网上青少年隐私权的保护水平。     

大数据背景下电商平台经营者的责任认定探究

随着电子商务的不断发展,消费者的权益受到侵害的现象越发普遍。在法治社会背景下,国家不断通过构建与完善相关法律的形式为消费者权益提供保障。根据我国《电子商务法》第三十八条的内容,电商平台对于消费者应该尽到安全保障义务,否则应该承担相应的责任。该法律的出台意味着我国从法律层面上对社会实践中消费者权益保护需求呼声不断增强的回应,同时也为电子商务行业的发展提供了一定的法律指引。然而,从具体实践情形来看,电商平台经营者责任的认定中仍然存在一定的困境,从而对消费者权益保护造成了影响。为了加强消费者权益保护,必须对电商平台的责任进行清晰的认定,因而须在法律层面上进行调整与完善。     

责任与使命：律师作用的进一步实现——律师在青少年刑事案件中的作用

青少年犯罪刑事政策是指国家为预防和控制青少年犯罪，以保障青少年人权益、维护社会公共利益为目的而制定、实施的方针、指导原则及具体操作措施的总称。目前我国实行的青少年犯罪刑事政策，简单地说就是“教育、感化、挽救”的方针和“教育为主、惩罚为辅”的原则。这种中国特色的刑事政策反映了青少年刑事程序中对青少年人权特殊保障这样一种重要价值。人权体现人之所以为人的尊严和价值，是任何人与生俱来，包括青少年。由于青少年违法犯罪在生理、心理等方面和成年人有非常明显的差异，他们对社会环境有较强的依存性，对外界事物认知能力和控制能力较弱，对自己享有哪些权利以及如何实现自己权利的认识较为模糊，对自己行为的社会危害性和违法性也缺乏深刻的理解，但改过自新的机会较之成年犯罪人却要大得多，因此社会与法律应该予以青少年的人权以特殊的保护。各种法律法规充分体现了对青少年人权的特殊保护。我国宪法第49条第1敖规定：“婚姻、家庭、母亲、儿童受到国家的保护。”强调了国家对于青少年的特殊关怀。类似的如我国刑事诉讼法第14条“法定代理人可以到场”，第34条“指定辩护”，第152条“不公开审理”，这些规定都针对青少年在刑事诉讼过程中给予了特殊的待遇，之所以这样做，不仅仅是为了有效实现青少年的诉讼权利，更是为了保障青少年的人权而产生的。而在这个过程当中，律师起到了不可取代的作用，这也正是我国青少年犯罪刑事政策的体现。     

“两抢”犯罪的趋势与防控

根据最近16年的统计数据，我国“两抢”犯罪总体呈上升态势，且出现多方面的特点。当前，影响“两抢”犯罪变化趋势的因素主要有：社会管理机制完善的程度、社会成员之间收入的差距、“两抢”犯罪主体特点、社会成员的防范意识以及公安机关的防控机制等。预防“两抢”犯罪需要整个社会尤其是公安机关的共同努力。     

Drivers and Dynamics of Internal and International Remittances

This article analyses whether and how intra-household remittance volumes vary with the length of a migrant's absence, and whether the drivers and dynamics of remittance decay depend on the migrant's destination. We address these questions by using data from the 64th round of the Indian National Sample Survey, conducted between July 2007 and June 2008. We find that the average intra-household remittance function follows a curvilinear trajectory that is best approximated by a quartic (M-shaped) specification. The volatility of intra-household remittances is distinct across migration destinations, with international remittance flows being more volatile than internal intra-state or inter-state flows.     

Russian stereotypes and myths of Ukraine and Ukrainians and why Novorossiya failed

This article discusses two inter-related issues. Firstly, the factors lying behind Russia's fervent belief that its Novorossiya (New Russia) project, aimed to bring back to Russia eight oblasts of Donetsk, Luhansk, Kharkiv, Dnipro, Zaporizhhya, Odesa, Mykolayiv, and Kherson in eastern and southern Ukraine and launched during the 2014 “Russian Spring,” would be successful. Russian identity misunderstood, and continues to misunderstand, Ukraine and Ukrainians through stereotypes and myths of Ukraine as an “artificial state” and Ukraine's Russian speakers as “fraternal brothers” and Russians and Ukrainians as “one people” (odin narod). Secondly, why Ukrainian national identity was different than these Russian stereotypes and myths and how this led to the failure of the Novorossiya project. Russian stereotypes and myths of Ukraine and Ukrainians came face to face with the reality of Russian-speaking Ukrainian patriotism and their low support for the Russkij Mir (Russian World). The article compares Russian stereotypes and myths of Ukraine and Ukrainians with how Ukrainians see themselves to explain the roots of the 2014 crisis, “Russian Spring,” and failure of Russian President Vladimir Putin's Novorossiya project.     

意大利重建共产党的理论政策调整及面临的问题

意大利重建共产党在意大利政坛上具有一定的政治影响力,是当前欧洲共产主义运动中的一支重要力量.本文主要对重建共成立十余年来理论政策的发展演变作出了总结和分析,对该党取得的斗争成就、存在的问题以及发展趋势进行了探讨,以供相关研究者参考.     

家庭功能弱化与未成年人违法犯罪之探讨

家庭是承担未成年人初次社会化的第一环节。当前，从未成年人违法犯罪轨迹看，很多可以从家庭功能弱化方面找到一些印记，如结构不全、亲情隔阂、教育缺损等。为降低未成年人违法犯罪率，广大家长应秉承责任关怀理念，大力提高自身监护和教育能力，积极打造以责任为主轴的家庭教育链，不断优化其成长环境。努力提升其成长幸福指数。     

Economic development and the administration and regulation of transport

This paper examines the impact on total factor productivity (TFP) growth in the South of North-South and South-South trade-related technology diffusion and of foreign direct investment (FDI). North-South and South-South trade-related research and development (R&D) stocks are constructed based on industry-specific R&D in the North, North-South and South-South trade patterns, and input-output relations in the South. The main findings are: 1. Both North-South and South-South trade-related R&D have a positive impact on TFP growth in the South; 2. FDI has a positive, though smaller, impact on TFP growth; 3. The impact on TFP growth of trade-related technology diffusion increases with the level of education in the case of North-South trade but not in the case of South-South trade.     

Patterns of energy consumption and economic growth and structure

The role of energy utilization in economic growth has received much attention in recent years. The distinctive characteristics of our analysis are that this role is dealt with in a quantitative way and that both cross‐section and time‐series approaches are utilized. We confirm earlier findings that energy consumption tends to be more responsive to economic growth in less developed than in advanced countries. We conclude, however, that the relationship between energy and economic growth activity is affected by a variety of other factors. Multivariate tests suggest that the industrial structure of the economy and the composition of energy consumption are especially significant additional variables.     

Displacement and Testimony: Recent History and the Study of Exile and Post-exile

This article analyzes the testimonial literature of Latin American exile within the wider framework of studies of exile and post-exile. It claims that testimonies have an important role in providing access to the multiple and reflexive voices of exiles and expatriates, which are relevant to the reconstruction of the recent history of Latin America. Their relevance lies in enabling analysis to move beyond the heroic, Byronic vision of exile towards a less idealistic yet more intimate understanding of the gains and losses of territorial displacement, as well as the tensions, ambiguities, and conflicts developing within the communities of exiles, as they face new challenges. Exile testimonies also allow research to trace the development of a broader sense of identity extending beyond territorial borders and expressed in the awareness of being part of national Diasporas and, for many, also a Latin American transnational consciousness.