Author: MULÉ, ROSA; Political Parties, Games and Redistribution; Reviewer: John Hart; Author: LEUNG, S.K.; Politics and Human Nature: The Ideological Rooting of the Left; Reviewer: Steve Buckler; Editor: MACEDO, STEPHEN; Deliberative Politics: Essays on Democracy and Disagreement; Reviewer: Rodney Barker; Author: KYMLICKA, W.; Politics in the Vernacular: Nationalism, Multiculturalism and Citizenship; Reviewer: Derek Bell; Editors: KYMLICKA, W. and NORMAN, W.; Citizenship in Diverse Societies; Reviewer: Derek Bell; Author: STEPAN, ALFRED; Arguing Comparative Politics; Reviewer: Ingrid van Biezen; Editors: CLARK, ANNA and RICHARDSON, SARAH; History of Suffrage 1760-1867; Reviewer: Jane Rendall; Editors: DE BRITO, ALEXANDRA BARAHONA, GONZÁLEZ-ENRÍQUEZ, CARMEN and AGUILAR, PALOMA; The Politics of Memory. Transitional Justice in Democratizing Societies; Reviewer: Arturo Álvarez Rosete; Author: MAYALL, JAMES; World Politics: Progress and its Limits; Reviewer: Michael McKinley; Editors: OTTAWAY, MARINA and CAROTHERS, THOMAS; Funding Virtue; Reviewer: Peter Burnell; Author: HERO, RODNEY E.; Faces of Inequality: Social Diversity in American Politics; Reviewer: Andrew Johnstone; Author: MANFREDI, CHRISTOPHER P.; Judicial Power and the Charter: Canada and the Paradox of Liberal Constitutionalism; Reviewer: Stephen Brooks; Author: PINDER, JOHN; The European Union: A Very Short Introduction; Reviewer: Donatella M. Viola; Author: LAFONTAINE, OSKAR; The Heart Beats on the Left; Reviewer: Robert Grant; Author: BOSCO, A.; Comunisti: Trasformazioni di Partito in Italia, Spagna e Portogallo; Reviewer: Richard Dunphy; Author: NEWELL, JAMES L.; Parties and Democracy in Italy; Reviewer: Dermot McCann; Author: TEMPLE, MICHAEL; How Britain Works: From Ideology to Output Politics; Reviewer: Peter Dorey; Author: EKIERT, GRZEGORZ and KUBIK, JAN; Rebellious Civil Society: Popular Protest and Democratic Consolidation in Poland, 1989-1993; Reviewer: Pieter Vanhuysse; Editor: ISHAM, HEYWARD; Russia's Fate through Russian Eyes - Voices of the New Generation; Reviewer: Julian Birch; Author: MOSER, ROBERT G.; Unexpected Outcomes - Electoral Systems, Political Parties, and Representation in Russia; Reviewer: Julian Birch; Author: HUANG, JING; Factionalism in Chinese Communist Politics; Reviewer: Chris Bramall; Editors: JOHNSON, R.W. and WELSH, DAVID; Ironic Victory: Liberalism in post-liberation South AfricaReviewer: Heather Deegan; Author: HODGES, TONY; Angola From Afro-Stalinism to Petro-Diamond Capitalism; Reviewer: Nana Poku; Editors: TOGGIA, PIETRO, LAUDERDALE, PAT and ZEGEYE, ABEDE; Crisis and Terror in the Horn of Africa: Autopsy of Democracy, Human Rights and Freedom; Reviewer: Peter Woodward; Author: LEFTWICH, ADRIAN; States of Development. On the Primacy of Politics in Development; Reviewer: Jeffrey Haynes 相似文献
Author: HOUGHTON, DAVID PATRICK; US Foreign Policy and the Iran Hostage Crisis; Reviewer: Gabriel Ben-dor; Author: MALCOLM, NOEL; Kosovo: A Short History; Reviewer: Robert P. Hager; Author: HATINA, MEIR; Islam and Salvation in Palestine: The Islamic Jihad Movement; Reviewer: Ami Pedahzur; Author: WHITE, JONATHAN R.; Terrorism - An Introduction; Reviewer: Ami Pedahzur; Author: CABRITA, JOAO M.; Mozambique: The Tortuous Road to Democracy; Reviewer: E. Ike Udogu 相似文献
Author: TRUBOWITZ, PETER, Defining the National Interest: Conflict and Change in American Foreign Policy; Editors: TRUBOWITZ, PETER, Emily O. Goldman and Edward Rhodes, The Politics of Strategic Adjustment: Ideas, Institutions, and Interests; Author: ZAKARIA, FAREED, From Wealth to Power: The Unusual Origins of America's World Role 相似文献
Jeffrey Kaplan and Leonard Weinberg, The Emergence of a Euro‐American Radical Right,New Brunswick, NJ and London: Rutgers University Press, 1998. Pp.248. $52 (cloth); $22 (paper). ISBN 0 8135 2563 2 (cloth); 0 8135 2564 0 (paper). Chuka Onwumechili, African Democratization and Military Coups,Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 1998. Pp.121. $49.95 (cloth). ISBN 0–275–96325‐X. R. Falkenrath, R. Newman and B. Thayer, America's Achilles’ Heel: Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Terrorism and Covert Attack,Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1998. $22.50. ISBN 0–262–56118–2. 相似文献
ABSTRACTHow and why did the Richard Nixon Administration end up with an Iran policy more in line with the preferences of the Shah of Iran than of the United States? At its onset, the Administration did not have a clearly defined or formalised Persian Gulf policy. Attempts to create over-arching guidelines regarding American conduct toward Iran were of little consequence, as the pro-Iranian inclinations of leading decision-makers led to day-to-day decisions that strongly favoured the Shah. This limited room for manoeuvre amounted to little more than acceptance of what was already established procedure. The Shah’s strenuous lobbying of American decision-makers, using their common Cold War considerations to his advantage and the effective sidelining of critical voices within the Nixon Administration, explain this outcome. 相似文献
With the help of recently declassified documents, this article examines the link between triangular diplomacy and the Vietnam War. It argues that from the summer of 1971 to the conclusion of the Paris Agreements in January 1973 Kissinger tried to 'sell' a peace agreement to his Soviet and Chinese inter locutors by stressing the American willingness to accept a 'decent interval' solution: that is, the United States would not reenter the war provided that the collapse of the South Vietnamese goverment did not occur immediately after the last US ground troops returned home. While such a posture played a significant role in increasing Sino-Soviet pressure towards a negotiated settlement, Kissinger's policy also served to bolster the subsequent competition between Moscow and Beijing over influence in Indochina. 相似文献
In the Spitsbergen treaty of 1920, Norway acquired sovereignty over the Spitsbergen Islands. Rather than Woodrow Wilson, the American president, the architects behind the treaty were Robert Lansing, Wilson’s secretary of state, and, behind the diplomatic scene, the mining investor, John M. Longyear. In 1906, Longyear established a mining company to exploit the coal deposits at Spitsbergen. He induced Congress, the State Department, and the White House to forge an American policy for the European Arctic, including the appointment of Lansing, an international lawyer, as a counsel in the State Department. Lansing was a leading expert on both international law and the lack of state authority at the terra nullius, Spitsbergen. In 1915, he became secretary of State and, at the Paris Peace Conference, decided American policy regarding the Spitsbergen question. This analysis shows how the outcome of the Spitsbergen question was a result of American mining interests, supplemented by Norwegian-American shared interests in conflict resolution based on international law. 相似文献
ABSTRACTThis study explains how the economy affects the foreign policy rhetoric used by American presidents. When economic conditions deteriorate, presidents criticize foreign nations to boost their approval ratings. Presidents use this “diversionary cheap talk” in response to the misery index of unemployment plus inflation, which poses a unique threat to their popularity. They target historical rivals, which make intergroup distinctions most salient. Diversionary cheap talk is most influential for and most frequently used by Democratic presidents, whose non-core constituents prefer hawkish foreign policy but already expect it from Republican presidents. I test the observable implications of the theory with the American Diplomacy Dataset, an original record of 50,000 American foreign policy events between 1851 and 2010 drawn from a corpus of 1.3 million New York Times articles. 相似文献
A survey of the substantial progress by the Third World in the education, health, and life expectancy of its people includes statistics for countries in Africa; Latin America; Asia; Europe; Oceania; and the U.S.S.R.; on increasing literacy; school enrollment; reduction of illiteracy; expectation of life at birth 1950-1975; mortality rates; improved health standards; and beter sanitation. 相似文献
The United States has played an important role in European security since the early 20th century. From the time of the end of the Cold War, this role has changed as a consequence of the lack of a common territorial threat and the overwhelming power of the United States relative to Europe. How have European states responded to the challenges of the American world order? Are they adapting their security policies to match the challenges of US security policy and the American world order? What are the implications of the European response for the transatlantic relationship? This article seeks to describe and explain European security behaviour in the American world through the prism of two realist theories: balance of power realism and balance of threat realism. Despite sharing a common starting point in realist assumptions, each theory allows us to tell a different story about Europe's position in the American world order as well as the opportunities and challenges it faces. 相似文献
The author discusses the impact the Cold War had on European Integration and, in particular, on the American efforts in support of that initiative. He shows that the perceived Communist threat was an important but not the only motivating force behind America's endorsement of a unified Europe. The other motif he singles out independently of, although not unrelated to, the Cold War was the American aim to contain a renascent Germany. It was this purpose, he maintains, that determined the American long-term option for a supranational structure for an integrated Europe after the founding of the Federal Republic of Germany. 相似文献
Few studies consider how civil war onset can be influenced by third parties and by the belligerents’ perceptions of third party actions. I show that the American Civil War, a war largely ignored by civil war scholars, sheds insights into how anticipation of third party intervention influences the decision-making process within the target state and how the possibility of third party intervention can influence the onset and escalation of civil war. The American Civil War is an especially interesting case for exploring the role of third parties in civil war initiation since, unlike most cases considered by the existing civil war literature, the American Civil War is an instance of nonintervention: the third parties (the European powers in this case) mattered despite staying out of the conflict. Specifically, I argue that fear of foreign recognition (particularly by the British) played an underappreciated (if not the decisive) role in the earliest stages of the American Civil War by influencing Lincoln's decision to authorize the first major battle of the war at Manassas Junction, Virginia. 相似文献
How should foreign policy analysts understand the American response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2014? Despite widespread bipartisan recognition that Eastern European states, from the Baltic States to the Black Sea, were experiencing their most severe crisis since at least the end of the Cold War, the United States responded with little military support to the region. Even though all sides agreed on the need for a larger response, the tepid reaction to the Russian invasion was due to the partisan divide over the means of addressing the issue. This divide foreclosed the two main options for the President: a redeployment of forces from the United States or a larger military and budget. This disagreement over the means, rather than the ends, counter intuitively prevented a response for which both parties expressed support.
Lionel Carden's years as a senior diplomat coincided with the rise of American power in, and Great Britain's strategic disengagement from, the Caribbean region. This changing order naturally gave rise to complications: Great Britain had extensive economic interests in the region, and diplomatic personnel - Carden in particular - endeavoured to protect these interests while at the same time the Foreign Office sought to maintain a good relationship with the United States. Carden's vigorous defence of British economic interests in Central America earned him the reputation in Washington of being 'anti-American'. Carden, however, was most likely acting as a 'buffer' to deflect criticism from policy makers at home. 相似文献
This article is an examination of Hong Kong's importance within British-American security arrangements in the Far East during the presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower. Archival evidence indicates that the Eisenhower Administration accepted a greater deal of commitment to the defence of Hong Kong during the 1950s — a period of significant hostility between the United States and the People's Republic of China. To understand this policy evolution in the broader context, this study evaluates the differences in British and American attitudes towards China during the 1950s and the effect of this on US policy towards Hong Kong. 相似文献
This article assesses seven startling and unsettling similarities between Soviet strategies and tactics in Afghanistan during their Afghan war of 1979-1989 and American coalition strategies and tactics in Afghanistan since October 2001. It concludes with the implications of this dynamic. In particular, the similarities between Soviet and U.S. approaches to Afghanistan that focus on key population centers, reconciliation/reintegration, and the development of “Afghan” solutions to a variety of security concerns are extremely disturbing and, we believe, should be the focus of national attention and debate. 相似文献