知识经济时代政府人力资源管理的新模式——桑性管理

柔性管理作为一种全新的管理模式,伴随着知识经济的到来应运而生,代表着未来知识型组织的潮流与走向。柔性管理是相对于传统的刚性管理而言的,其显著特征表现为:内在的驱动性、影响的持久性和激励的有效性。政府作为一知识型组织,在其人力资源管理中借鉴和采用柔性管理,可以大大提高政府管理水平,促进政府行政管理的理论创新和制度创新。     

论仲裁机构的管理文化

在国际范围内兴起ADR运动之际,我国国内仲裁机构也正纷纷进行改革、改制以求发展。但是,仲裁机构管理文化的缺位却成为困扰我国仲裁机构完成实质性转型的重要原因。企业文化是企业的核心精神和深层动力,它对仲裁机构的管理非常有借鉴意义。笔者结合仲裁机构本身的角色定位,引入企业文化的概念,提出了在仲裁机构内部构筑仲裁机构管理文化的相关建议。     

Management knowledge and the organization of team science in university research centers

Increasingly, principal investigators are tasked by funding agencies not only to expand knowledge in a particular field of inquiry, but also to manage and coordinate sets of diverse actors, including researchers with different disciplinary backgrounds and with different institutional affiliations. This paper addresses how principal investigators organize and manage sets of diverse researchers in university research centers. The premise of the paper is that centers possessing “management knowledge”—as embodied in principal investigators themselves and in colleagues and subordinates (e.g. past experiences in centers, industry, formal management training and professional experience)—will demonstrate different structural and managerial characteristics when compared to centers without management knowledge. Based on interviews and documents for a purposive sample of centers established by the US National Science Foundation, the study investigates the organization and management of centers as a function of the presence and type of management knowledge of the center directors across multiple cases. Implications for addressing common challenges to team science in university research centers and comparable arrangements are discussed.     

论海上保险中被保险人告知义务之界限

《中华人民共和国海商法》第222条第2款是一个对海上保险中被保险人告知义务履行范围的限制。根据该条款,在保险人没有做出询问的情况下,对于保险人知道或者一个谨慎的保险人在通常业务中应当知道的情况,被保险人无需告知。保险人的法定代表人、高级管理人员、承保部门的负责人以及具体做出承保决定的人对有关情况的知情应该归属于公司。公众知晓的情况,保险人通常承保的保险标的之一般属性,或通常承保的贸易之一般实务或贸易限制或通常可能发生的状况等,属于保险人应当知道的情况。     

Biotic Carbon Sequestration and the Kyoto Protocol: The Construction of Global Knowledge by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

This paper explores the dynamics of the production of global knowledge by an international knowledge organization, in this case the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Based on previous notions of international boundary organizations, the idea of international knowledge organizations emphasizes the knowledge generation function of such organizations rather than their convening function. Using the case of controversial Kyoto Protocol biotic carbon sequestration policies, I argue that boundary work and uncertainty management are the essential dynamics in the successful construction of global knowledge by international knowledge organizations. This uncertainty management occurs in a manner broadly, although not completely, in conformance with the institutional preferences of powerful policy actors. Global knowledge can legitimate and help refine global policies, but the process of its construction must be iterative and transparent if it is to be credible for global environmental governance over the long-term.     

试论大学组织、制度与管理的相关性

无论在学理上还是在实践中,大学组织、制度与管理之间都紧密相关.论文选择组织内与组织间的双重视角,通过对组织、制度与管理三个概念内在相关性的深入探讨,从理论层面上揭示了大学组织、制度与管理之间的相关性.一般而言,组织是人有目的的集合,制度是约束人或组织的规则,而管理则是人在一定制度的约束下,通过分工与协调以实现组织目标的过程.大学组织、制度与管理之间的相关性同样符合上述逻辑.     

知识经济下人力资源管理的新趋势

二十一世纪,人类已进入到经济全球化和知识经济的时代,以经济全球化为导向的人力资源管理将出现与传统管理方式不同的发展趋势,在管理理念上强调人与组织、与社会的协调统一,管理对象上更重视知识要素的管理,管理重点在核心人才的开发和使用,管理目标从注重经济目标转向注重经济目标与社会目标的统一,管理的方式从日常事务的管理转变为策略伙伴,分配模式,从按资分配转向按贡献分配,管理模式,从区域文化管理转向跨区文化管理,战略模式,从区域战略转向全球战略。     

Towards a model of effective knowledge transfer within transnationals: The case of Chinese foreign invested enterprises

In this paper Chinese foreign invested enterprises (FIEs) are employed as prototypes to generate a model of how transnationals can transfer both tacit and explicit knowledge between their units as well as between FIEs and the parent organization. We propose that successful intra-organization knowledge transfer depends upon: (1) collective creation of knowledge as intellectual and social capital available throughout the organization; (2) trust-based collaboration among geographically dispersed entities that form the transnational organization; and (3) the willingness and ability of organizational units to use that knowledge. The paper further proposes that organizational knowledge should ideally flow in multiple directions, providing learning opportunities for both investing and host organizations. Implications for transfer of best practices, a specific form of tacit knowledge, are also offered.     

Professionalizing Arts Management in Healthcare Facilities

An urgent need exists for trained specialists to manage organizational policies and practices involving arts programs and activities in healthcare facilities. This article introduces the field of arts in health and argues for what is currently needed within the academic and professional field of arts management to advance this emerging arena of arts management theory and practice. The authors integrate key references from existing scholarship alongside additional survey data to offer recommendations for developing professional management of the arts in healthcare facilities like hospitals, hospices, and long-term care centers. The article provides an overview of the responsibilities of arts managers in healthcare institutions, as well as insight into the knowledge, competencies, and skills that arts managers require to effectively work in these settings. The article concludes with articulating a conceptual framework for a long-term research trajectory to inform further advancement of this distinct sub-field of arts management.     

From Programmatic Reform to Social Science Research: The National Tax Association and the Promise and Perils of Disciplinary Encounters

This article uses the history of the National Tax Association (NTA), the leading twentieth‐century organization of tax professionals, to strengthen our empirical understanding of the disciplinary encounter between law and the social sciences. Building on existing sociolegal scholarship, this article explores how the NTA embodied tax law's ambivalent historical interaction with public economics. Since its founding in 1907, the NTA has changed dramatically from an eclectic and catholic organization of tax professionals with a high public profile to an insular, scholarly association of mainly academic public finance economists. Using a mix of quantitative and qualitative historical evidence, we contend that the transformation in the NTA's mission and output can be explained by the increasing professionalization and specialization of tax knowledge, and by the dominant role that public economics has played in shaping that knowledge. This increasing specialization allowed the NTA to secure its position as a bastion of scholarly tax research. But that achievement came at a cost to the organization's broader civic mission. This article is thus a historical account of how two competing professional disciplines—tax law and public economics—have interacted within a particular organizational field, namely the research and analysis of tax law and policy.     

审判权与审判管理权、审判监督权的关系重塑

合理构建审判权与审判管理权、审判监督权的关系,是审判权运行机制改革的关键问题。欲使这三种权力形成合理关系,需要根据审判权运行存在的问题,在客观评价法院科层化组织结构与法院内部复合化权力构造以及院、庭长职权配置的基础上,从制度层面严格区分法院组织的行政逻辑与司法逻辑,进一步明确审判管理权与审判监督权的权限定位,完善其职权范围与行权程序,并构建审判权反向制约审判管理权与审判监督权的相关机制。唯有如此,才可能构建出合理的审判权与审判管理权、审判监督权的关系。     

论农业合作社的法律性质

农业合作社是农民自愿组成的、以互利为基础的、自治性的生产经营组织。其作用正越来越受到重视 ,《合作经济组织法》也已列入十届全国人大立法规划。尽管农业合作社是生产经营组织 ,但其与公司在营利性和成员权利方面存在着很大不同 ;与集体经济组织在产生原因和目的以及成员边界等方面也不相同。因此 ,农业合作社是一种既不完全同于公司、又不同于集体经济组织的特殊法人。承认这种特殊性 ,是保证合作社法的具体规则得以科学、合理安排的前提和基础     

公共事业登记管理面临的问题及对策分析

公共事业登记管理是公共事业管理的一个重要组成部分,随着国家一系列法规条例的出台,公共事业登记管理逐渐走上规范化的轨道。在取得成效的同时,公共事业登记管理也面临着许多问题,在一定程度上阻碍了公共事业的发展。因此,对公共事业登记管理的问题及其原因进行深入分析,以此提出相应的完善对策将有着十分重要的意义。     

网络化：学习型组织的创建路径——以公安机关为例

学习型组织不是简单的组织学习,把公安机关的“大练兵”活动理解为就是创建学习型公安机关的观点是片面的。在组织理论中,学习型组织是针对理性官僚制组织由于职能分工、层级科制所形成的学习智障而提出的新型组织管理模式。因此,学习型组织的创建必须从组织形态的改革入手,把僵化的金字塔式的组织转变成沟通顺畅的扁平化组织。现代化的信息平台和网络化沟通,为我们提供了很好的实现组织扁平化的工具。只有在组织形态发生变革的情况下,结合公安机关建立的一系列长效学习机制,才能真正走上公安干警个人、公安机关自身不断学习、可持续发展之路。     

Global knowledge intensive enterprises and international technology transfer: emerging perspectives from a quadruple helix environment

Management scholars have widely acknowledged that we live a new era of economic development, the so-called knowledge economy, where knowledge appears to be the key foundation of value creation. During the recent years, it seems like knowledge has become an all-embracing term that has come to stand for all the magic that goes on within contemporary organizations, making them successful. Knowledge is then an immaterial and ubiquitous asset, embodied into individuals and embedded in their routines and artefacts. From this shadowy asset arises the main research purpose of several management scholars: to ascertain the underlying organizational alchemy and the mystery of knowledge. In the managerial literature, when knowledge comes so deeply incorporated within a firm this has been usually reflected in a widely used concept: the knowledge-intensive enterprise, a term that has received significant attention from scholars and researchers, now expressing a category of organizations within academic scientific research. Likewise, a growing debate is emerging among policy makers and scholars in technology transfer processes and tools for KIEs worldwide.     

Knowledge management technology in law firms: stages of growth

A law firm can be understood as a social community specializing in the speed and efficiency of creating and transferring legal knowledge. Knowledge management was first introduced to law firms in order to help them create, share and apply knowledge more effectively: information technology (IT) might well play an important role in the success of such knowledge management initiatives. In this paper, IT support for knowledge management is linked to stages of growth, with a stages‐of‐growth model proposed that consists of four stages. The first stage addresses the end‐user tools made available to knowledge workers (people to technology), while the second involves information about who knows what (people to people). The third stage concerns the information held by knowledge workers (people to documents), with information systems actually solving knowledge problems constituting the fourth and final stage (people to systems). Stages‐of‐growth models have been widely used in both organizational research and IT management research: such models have also been criticized for their lack of empirical validity. This paper develops such a survey instrument in order to test a knowledge management technology stage model empirically.     

关于突发公共事件预警管理系统活动内容和方法

突发公共事件预警管理系统是整个危机预警管理系统的一个子系统,突发公共事件预警管理是在相关职能部门内部建立起来的,具有纠错防错的功能。预警管理系统进入相关职能部门组织机构,必将导致原组织结构的调整与职能重组,通过预警自身新置功能的介入和对原管理系统某些职能的归并,预警系统本身就在相关职能部门组织结构中构成一个相对独立的不可缺少的部分,并同相关职能部门组织中的战略管理系统、执行管理系统构成三位一体的组织功能体系。     

A business process improvement framework for knowledge-intensive entrepreneurial ventures

Pushed by the transition towards the knowledge economy, as well as several other change drivers, an ever-increasing number of knowledge intensive ventures are relying on operational knowledge intensity in order to generate value. Through their interaction with their varied stakeholders—from actors within their supply chains to educational and financial institutions—knowledge intensive enterprises are increasingly becoming a key component of regional economic stability. Within their complex environment, these organisations lack the support of suitable frameworks to inform their efforts to optimise, adapt and improve their underlying business processes in order to maximise the efficiency of their performance and pursue growth ambitions. This paper examines the distinct nature of knowledge intensive entrepreneurial ventures (KIEs) and the applicability of current business process improvement (BPI) frameworks to their setting. Finally, a KIE-oriented business process improvement framework is developed through an integrative adaptation of the concepts of knowledge intensity and knowledge management to the principles of business process redesign and re-engineering reported in existing literature. The proposed framework contributes to the existing literature in the subject of BPI modelling for knowledge intensive entrepreneurial ventures by addressing a distinct set of improvement concerns that this type of organisations face at a process level.     

论制定《社会中介组织法》的必要性

随着社会主义市场经济体制的不断完善,中介组织的发展规模和所发挥的作用日益凸显。由于相关法律规范及由其所制约的中介管理体制不能适应其发展需要,中介腐败等引发的负面作用也越来越大。制定《社会中介组织法》既是中介组织规模发展的必然要求,也是促进中介组织健康发展,解决中介法律规范相互冲突、缺位和中介腐败及管理体制不顺等问题的必然选择。现有的中介规范为制定《社会中介组织法》提供了必要的基础条件。     

谈教师和谐管理策略——以中小学教师为例

和谐管理是和谐社会发展的一种必然管理手段,已被广泛应用到教育管理领域。教育管理作为社会组织管理的一个重要组成部分,其组织管理是否和谐,在一定程度上反映了社会和谐的水平。本文通过对中小学教师和谐管理问题的分析,力求探索一种和谐的教师管理模式,使中小学教师管理朝着科学化、合理化、人性化的方向发展。