全球气候变化治理中的中国与欧盟

中国和欧盟是全球气候变化治理的关键参与者.在国际气候变化谈判的京都进程中,欧盟扮演了领导者角色,而中国是一个积极而谨慎的参与者.在后京都进程中,中欧在全球气候变化问题上既有共同立场,也有政策分歧,但总体上进行着更为频繁而积极的互动.     

中国和气候变化国际制度:认知和塑造

国际制度是全球气候变化共同努力的重要途径,气候变化国际制度建设事关人类发展前途与各国发展权益和国际责任,是涉及到经济和政治利益的重大问题.本文通过对全球气候变化问题及其相关国际制度安排,中国在全球气候变化行动中的角色以及应该采取的行动和影响等方面的实证调查,并结合理论,剖析了国际制度的成因和功能,以及中国参与国际制度的风险问题.     

Climate Change and Security at the Third Pole

The consequences of global climate change present a serious strategic challenge in one of the most remote parts of the world.The Tibetan Plateau is the largest high-altitude landmass on earth,with more than 45,000 glaciers that feed the major river systems in Asia,which,in turn,support 40 per cent of the world’s population.Temperatures in the region are rising twice as fast as the global average,posing serious risks to hydrological systems,agriculture,and critical infrastructure.Looking at regional cooperation through the lens of ecological security raises important questions about the extent to which the threat of large-scale climate-related disaster could trigger new forms of cooperative action.The sobering reality is that current responses fall far short of ensuring a mutually secure future.     

Prospects of Climate Change Negotiation

This article examines the key points of controversy and the prospects for the post-Copenhagen global climate change negotiations. While the Europeans and the U.S. try to abandon the principles of the Kyoto Protocol after 2012, the developing countries will strive to make the developed countries continue to accept differentiated responsibilities or obligations, The prospects of reaching a new legally binding international agreement on emissions reduction in the Cancun or South Africa summits may be diminishing.     

气候变化"怀疑论"分析及启示

气候变化"怀疑论"由来已久,在哥本哈根气候变化大会前后引发空前关注."怀疑论"者成员复杂,也并无统一理论观点,他们或质疑全球变暖的真实性和严重性,或质疑全球变暖与人类活动的相关性及当前应对措施的合理性."怀疑论"升温将使本已步履维艰的全球气候谈判难度进一步增大,但难以逆转国际社会推动节能减排、发展低碳经济的大趋势.从另一个角度看,"怀疑论"各种观点的披露也有助于使未来气候变化研究更加谨慎、全面,相关应对措施更加务实和理性.     

Climate Change, Mass Migration and the Military Response

The displacement of thousands of U.S. Gulf Coast residents in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina is emblematic of a human migration challenge that will likely become more severe in the years and decades ahead. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts that climate change will manifest in dramatic ways-extreme weather events, droughts, heat waves, increased cyclone (hurricane, typhoon) activity, sea level rise, etc.-and some of these effects may induce large scale human migration, both within and among countries. The increasing trend of environmental migrants is clashing with widespread anti-immigrant sentiment in both developed and developing countries around the world. Some countries are describing migration-and particularly unauthorized international migration-as a “security threat” and are turning to military forces to deter or manage the human flows, a trend that is likely to grow.     

国际气候话语权之争初探

随着气候变化演变为全球最大焦点问题之一,各国尤其是各大国对国际气候话语权争夺趋于激烈。这种争夺本质上是以经济利益和发展权益为主轴的国家利益之争。各国享有国际话语权的大小既是由其实力,也是由其相关政策决定的。     

哥本哈根联合国气候变化大会

2009年12月7—19日,联合国气候变化大会在丹麦首都哥本哈根召开,其目的是为了商讨《京都议定书》一期承诺到期后的后续方案,并就未来应对气候变化的全球行动签署新协议,因此会议也被誉为“拯救人类的最后一次机会”。但由于各方漫长而激烈的利益博弈,会议以一份并不具有法律约束力的《哥本哈根协议》告终。     

China-ASEAN Cooperation on Climate Change

China-ASEAN cooperation on climate change is an important component of the comprehensive strategic cooperation between the two. The cooperation has already made significant progress but the constraining factors still exist. It is in the interests of both sides to further enhance the cooperation in the climate and environment field.     

英国应对气候变化的政策及其借鉴意义

英国是世界上较早开始对低碳经济进行探索的国家之一,在实践中形成了比较系统和完善的气候变化应对政策,该政策具有全面性、系统性和整体性特点,从宏观立法到企业行动,各种措施相互呼应.但是,其对外气候政策偏离了共同但有区别责任的原则,对发展中国家不利.如能从中汲取经验教训,中国一定能制定出符合本国国情的气候政策,为经济社会和环境协调发展做出更大贡献.     

The Evolution and Prospects of the International Climate Change Regime

The United Nations Climate Change Conference was held in Bali,Indonesia in December 2007, formally launching the post-Kyoto negotiations. After hard discussions, the parties finally agreed on the Bali Roadmap, promising to have further negotiations and maintain and improve the international climate change regime centered on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change （UNFCCC） and the Kyoto Protocol. However, the scientificity, rationality and effectiveness of the regime are constantly questioned. Very few countries can fulfill standard emissions. Neither Japan or Canada nor most European Union countries are able to fulfill the goals of emissions reduction on schedule. The question of how much responsibility the rapidly growing developing countries should undertake is increasingly standing out. Yet although the regime is greatly challenged, it is still the only relatively complete framework in terms of structure and functions that international climate cooperation can rely on. This regime will continue to play a fundamental and irreplaceable role in the more and more complicated international climate negotiations.     

Global Strategies for Addressing Climate Change

Clirnate security, which bears on the development of all countries and the survival of mankind, has become a hot issue, arousing great concern and extensive attention from the international community. To curb the increasing aggravation of greenhouse effect, China and other countries are taking initiative to take counter-measures and actions. However, little progress has been made in the international cooperation in this respect as developed countries are reluctant to take steps to address the problem. It is a long-term, arduous task to address the global warming.     

Problems in Dealing with the Global Climate Change

The question of climate change has been gaining heat in recent years. At the G8 summit in L＇Aquila, Italy in July, climate change was one of the focuses, and consensus was reached on the long-term target of emission cutting. The main emitting countries of the world will gather in Copenhagen of Denmark at the end of this year for global climate change negotiations. It is emerging as a new area for world powers to contend with each other.     

Food Security in the Context of Global Climate Change

The issue of food security is a complex one,and,with the advancement of globalization,it is becoming ever more urgent.And as climate change rises to the top of the international agenda,the securitization of food issues is growing more complex.It has turned the spotlight on the issue of food security and introduces new challenges to every nation.Historically,China has been an agricultural country,and thus has always been concerned about food security,enacting various measures and policies over the years to protect its food supply.However,there are inherent uncertainties and many challenges in this area.To deal with the problem of food security caused by global climate change,China and other nations should rethink how they deal with food security,and establish a comprehensive food security strategy which engages with other strategies in economic development,agriculture and rural development,energy,water security and social development.     

气候变化与粮食安全问题研究综述

从粮食安全的角度关注气候变化始于20世纪80年代,具体可分为两个阶段：一是20世纪80年代至90年代初,主要是地区和国别研究,重点研究气候变化对某地区或国家农业生产的影响;二是20世纪90年代初至今,主要为系统性研究,研究重心转向全球气候变化对世界粮食安全的整体影响。气候变化和粮食安全两者相互影响,紧密关联。