Genes and Spleens: Property, Contract, or Privacy Rights in the Human Body?

This article compares three frameworks for legal regulation of the human body. Property law systematically favors those who use the body to create commercial products. Yet contract and privacy rights cannot compete with the property paradigm, which alone affords a complete bundle of rights enforceable against the whole world. In the face of researchers' property rights, the theoretical freedom to contract and the meager interest in privacy leave those who supply body parts vulnerable to exploitation.     

Privacy, Efficiency, and the Equality of Men and Women: A Revisionist View of Sex Discrimination in Employment

The Supreme Court's decision in City of Los Angeles Department of Water and Power v. Manhart has engendered a considerable debate, much of which has appeared in the pages of this Journal. Defenders of the Manhart decision take its critics to task for failure to appreciate the place of that decision in the overall jurisprudence of employment discrimination. In this article, the authors challenge the underlying conception of the law of sex discrimination that is said to dictate the result in Manhart. Far from erecting a per se rule against all sex classifications, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is shown to recognize both the relevance of prevalent social norms about sex differences and the legitimacy of certain interests of employers as limited justifications for the maintenance of sex-conscious lines in some circumstances, a recognition that contrasts sharply with the statute's categorical prohibition on racial classifications. It follows from this discussion that Manhart's outcome was not ordained by the ethos of the laws against sex discrimination.     

Plea Agreements in the ICTY: Purpose, Effects and Propriety

Plea agreements have an impact on a number of issues affectingvictims or perpetrators, extending beyond the resource and investigativeadvantages that prompted the growing use of plea agreementsin the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia(ICTY). This article considers whether these effects advanceor offend the objectives underlying the establishment of theICTY. It argues that the plea-agreement process has positiveconsequences for the creation of a historical record and forproviding an opportunity for victims to be heard. It also contendsthat recent rulings have reduced the possibility that plea agreementsmight result in unequal treatment of convicted persons or dismissalof critical charges. Finally, the article suggests that theultimate contribution of plea agreements to the work of theICTY should be viewed not principally as a saving in resources,but rather as a tool for furthering accountability and justiceunder the all too real pressures of limited time and resourceson the fulfilment of the ICTY's mandate.     

从宪政的视角看“知识产权”

一从权利人的立场和从宪政的立场来看“知识产权”,得出的结论并不是完全相同的。在以个人权利为核心的私法精神支持下,个人权利具有至上的地位。这样,从权利人的角度来看,对“知识产权”就会要求保护的期限越长、保护的强度越高越好、收费的标准越高越好。比如,美国好莱坞著名歌星SonnyBonno的希望取消对他的唱片的保护期限制,希望他的歌世世代代永远属于自己,让听歌的人永远为他的歌曲付费。他们     

论隐私的法律保护范围

隐私权是自然人人格权的重要内容 ,但并不是所有的隐私都应得到法律的保护 ,法律保护的隐私的范围应严格限定为具有合法性的个人隐私。由于我国现行立法没有对隐私做出具体的规定 ,一方面使得公民的隐私权难以得到充分的法律保护 ;另一方面又有试图将隐私范围扩大化的倾向 ,并使隐私权超出合理的范围而与其他权利相冲突。     

礼仪法与故事关系探析

故事是本朝或先王的已行之事,属于"祖宗旧制"、"先王旧制"。礼仪法是中国古代特有的一个法律门类,由于其事关典礼风俗、礼节仪制,其制定与实施,往往奉行法先王、循祖宗的政策,要"求索故事"。因此,故事与礼仪法之间关系甚为密切,在汉魏晋时代表现尤为突出。     

也论知识产权

本文从权利的概念入手 ,指出客体属性的差异导致权利内容的不同 ,进而结合信息科学原理 ,研究知识产权的客体———智力成果这种特定信息并在此基础上对知识产权与物权之异同进行比较。文中还阐释了商标的本质、商誉的内涵、反不正当竞争法的归类等问题。