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1.
Although the empirical research on the journey to crime seems to indicate that most crimes are committed close to home, only a few studies have specifically examined the journey to crime in cases of sexual homicide. Using a sample of 214 sexual homicide cases, the current study investigates, using logistic regression, offenders who travel during the crime to those offenders who commit their crime, all at the same location. Current findings suggest that sexual murderers who engage in intra-crime travel tend to use a vehicle in the commission of their offence, target adult victims who are involved in the sex trade and move the body post murder. 相似文献
2.
Janet Warren Roland Reboussin Robert R. Hazelwood Andrea Cummings Natalie Gibbs Susan Trumbetta 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》1998,14(1):35-59
This study, derived from a sample of 108 serial rapists (rapes=565), examines the relationship between demographic, crime scene, and criminal history variables and the distance traveled by serial rapists in order to offend. The pattern of offenses perpetrated by each of the 108 serial offenders as it relates to his place of residence is also analyzed in terms of known characteristics of the offender and his offenses. The theoretical focus of the study integrates premises derived from criminal investigative analysis, environmental criminology, ethnographic geography, journey to crime research, and criminal geographic targeting to explore the cognitive symmetry between the how and the where of serial sexual offenses. These components or dimensions of serial crime are explored in an attempt to aid law enforcement in their investigation of hard-to-solve serial crimes. 相似文献
3.
Per-Olof H. Wikström 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》1990,6(1):61-84
This study reports some findings on the age-crime relationship from a study of a 1953 Stockholm cohort (Project Metropolitan) through youth and young adulthood. The study includes 15,117 males and females. Basic data about crime in the cohort are presented along with more detailed data about the age-crime relationship. Special emphasis is given to sex and social class differences. The findings are discussed in the context of the recent debate on the value of longitudinal studies of crime as regards the study of the age-crime relationship. The results show that overall there are many general similarities with the findings from U.S. and British research on age, crime, and criminal careers.Project Metropolitan operates on grants from the Commission for Social Research and the Swedish Council for Planning and Coordination of Research. Until 1985 the project was supported by the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation. Project Metropolitan is directed by Professor Carl-Gunnar Janson, Department of Sociology, University of Stockholm. 相似文献
4.
“犯罪有推动社会进步的功能”并不是马克思的观点。犯罪本身是否有积极功能?通过对功能阶位与价值评价、历史与现实、本质与现象、动力成本与动力效益四个方面的分析,作者给出了否定的答案。 相似文献
5.
遏制毒品犯罪的刑法完善探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
面对当前我国及全球反毒品斗争的实际情况和经验,在检讨我国现行毒品犯罪的立法缺陷的基础上,提出了完善我国毒品犯罪的刑事对策,具体包括:增设抢劫、抢夺、盗窃、诈骗毒品罪,介绍买卖毒品罪,扩大非法提供毒品罪的主体,提高强迫他人吸毒罪的法定刑,降低非法持有毒品罪的法定刑,提出"以日常生活中吸食毒品的通常最低含量折算"的折算办法以及完善毒品犯罪的减刑与假释程序等。 相似文献
6.
Hanns von Hofer 《Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology & Crime Prevention》2014,15(2):167-181
This article analyses 34 Swedish birth cohorts with regard to their participation in crime as measured by data from the convictions database maintained by Statistics Sweden. Most existing cohort studies are limited to one or a few cohorts. By contrast, the present study includes 34 cohorts, i.e. all persons born in Sweden between 1958 and 1991. The article discusses methodological problems associated with this type of approach and examines the possibility of making forecasts. The central results are that the number of males with a criminal record has decreased, whereas the number of females has remained fairly stable. Forecasts indicate that the cohorts' participation in crime will continue to decrease. Research and policy implications of the findings are outlined. It is proposed to introduce cohort statistics as a standard branch within regular criminal justice statistics. 相似文献
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8.
由于网络犯罪的跨国性,网络在各国的普及与发展水平的差异,以及各国的法律制度、风俗习惯的不同,导致针对网络犯罪的刑事管辖权存在争议,成为困惑理论界和实务界的一大难题。本文首先界定了网络犯罪的概念,描述了其特征,并指出传统刑事管辖理论适用于网络犯罪国际管辖的不足和新的刑事管辖理论应用于网络犯罪管辖的现状,在此基础上,经过分析和论证,提出自己对解决网络犯罪国际刑事管辖权冲突问题的一孔之见。 相似文献
9.
Why do robbers choose a particular area to commit an offense? Do they rob close to home? Do they search for areas with suitable and attractive targets? What keeps them away from certain areas? To answer these questions, a model is developed of how robbers choose target areas. The model draws on various theoretical and empirical traditions, which include environmental criminology, journey to crime research, gang research, and social disorganization theory. Testing the model on cleared robbery cases in Chicago in the years 1996–1998, we demonstrate that robbery location choice is related to characteristics of target areas, to areas where offenders live, to joint characteristics of the resident and target areas, and to characteristics of the offenders themselves. The presence of illegal markets and other crime generators and crime attractors make areas attractive for robbers, whereas collective efficacy seems to keep them out. Distance as well as racial and ethnic segregation restrict the mobility of offenders. 相似文献
10.
Kim English 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》1993,9(4):357-382
This paper presents findings from the first study of female prisoners' self-reports of criminal activity. Using the criminal career paradigm to frame the analysis, self-reported estimates of crime participation and frequency rates were examined for eight felony crimes. Important similarities between women and men were found in overall patterns of crime. Specifically, a small proportion ofboth women and men described committing a large portion of the total crimes reported. These data also suggest that women and men are similar in violent crime participation — a finding that varies from the current literature. Once active in a crime type, women and men committed assault, theft, and forgery at significantly different rates; no gender differences were found in the annualized frequency rates of burglary, robbery, motor vehicle theft, fraud, and drug dealing. However, although statistical differences were not found in the overall frequency of drug dealing, specific patterns of drug dealing reflected considerable gender variation, with a larger proportion of the female sample committing very frequent (daily) drug dealing activity. The findings reflect the value of the criminal career paradigm for the study of gender differences. Future research should include largescale quantitative designs that allow detailed analyses of correlates of the distinct criminal career dimensions.Points of view are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Justice.This research was funded in part by the National Institute of Justice, Grant 87-IJ-CX-0048. 相似文献
11.
保外就医是出于人道主义考虑,对重病犯人采取的一种特殊服刑方式,其对象一般是患疾病,难以在监狱里生活,随时有生命危险或行动不便的人。保外就医服刑犯在监狱外重新犯罪,愿数罪并罚。但在法律的执行过程中,法律法规在对此类犯罪嫌疑人开展侦查和收押方面的模糊性给该类案件的处理带来一定阻力。本文结合实例,针对保外就医犯人监外服刑期间犯新罪侦查收押实践中的疑难进行分析,力求发现问题的症结,并提出相应的对策建议. 相似文献
12.
网络犯罪刑事管辖权研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
网络空间的全球性、开放性、不确定性和非中心性,使存在于网络空间的网络犯罪对传统的刑事管辖提出了挑战,传统刑事管辖理论似乎难以统领各国网络犯罪管辖实践。对传统刑事管辖理论进行全方位反思,探讨和研究网络犯罪刑事管辖权对理论和实践都具有重要意义。 相似文献
13.
Michael D. Maltz 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》1996,12(1):3-61
In the 1830s Siméon-Denis Poisson developed the distribution that bears his name, basing it on the binomial distribution.
He used it to show how the inherent variance in jury decisions affected the inferences that could be made about the probability
of conviction in French courts. In recent years there have been a number of examples where researchers have either ignored
or forgotten this inherent variance, and how operations research, in particular mathematical modeling, can be used to incorporate
this variance in analyses. These are described in this paper, as well as other contributions made by operations research to
the study of crime and criminal justice. 相似文献
14.
Rodger Jamieson Lesley Pek Wee Land Donald Winchester Greg Stephens Alex Steel Alana Maurushat Rick Sarre 《Computer Law & Security Report》2012
Identity fraud as a term and concept in its formative stages was often presumed to be identity theft and visa versa. However, identity theft is caused by the identities (or tokens) of individuals or organisations being stolen is an enabling precursor to identity fraud. The boundaries of identity fraud and identity theft are now better defined. The absence of specific identity crime legislation could be a cause of perpetrators not classified as breaching identity crimes but under other specific entrenched law such as benefit fraud, or credit card fraud. This metrics overlap can cause bias in crime management information systems. This study uses a multi-method approach where data was collected in both a quantitative and qualitative manner. These approaches are used as a lens for defining different classes of online identity crimes in a crime management (IS) security context. In doing so, we contribute to a deeper understanding of identity crime by specifically examining its hierarchical classes and definitions; to aid clearer structure in crime management IS. We seek to answer the questions: should current law around identity fraud continue to be reinforced and measures introduced to prevent identity crime; should laws be amended; or should new identity crime laws be constructed? We conclude and recommend a solution incorporating elements of all three. 相似文献
15.
William R. Smith D. Randall Smith Elliot Noma 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》1986,2(4):329-353
The construction of typologies of criminal behavior can benefit from the use of multidimensional analytic methods. Yet while some studies have applied such techniques to crime data (e.g., Shortet al, 1963; Nutch and Bloombaum, 1968; Chaiken and Chaiken, 1982), few have examined the assumptions of these methods as they apply to arrest histories. We argue that arrest histories represent a special form of data that are not ideally suited to standard multidimensional analyses. An examination of the different theoretical assumptions of factor analysis, multidimensional scaling, and variance centroid scaling (a form of correspondence analysis) reveals marked difierences in what is being uncovered by the analysis. In general, these claims are supported by an application of each technique to the arrest histories of 767 chronic juvenile delinquents. 相似文献
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Stephan M. Panther 《European Journal of Law and Economics》1995,2(4):365-378
The relationship between sociology and economics of crime has been dominated by mutual prejudice and misunderstanding. This paper tries to contribute to a change of this stale of affairs by showing that, on the one hand, the economics of crime does not as a method imply politically conservative policy recommendations and, on the other hand, that insights of the sociology of crime may enrich the economic approach considerably. This is done via a brief survey of the economics of enforcement, the literature on the relation of income distribution and unemployment on crime, and the literature relating sociological theories of crime to methodological individualism. 相似文献
18.
刑法修正案(七)“组织、领导传销罪”的解读 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
非法传销活动是我国改革开放后市场经济活动尚未完全纳入法律调控时期出现的一种经济失范现象,并随着我国经济发展的速度和规模愈演愈烈,已经严重影响到经济和社会的稳定,为此刑法修正案(七)增补组织、领导传销活动罪这一新的罪名。然而,正是因为两级最高司法机关曾经的司法文件对该种行为有截然相左的意见,所以在刑法修正案(七)明确了该种行为的罪名。那么如何正确适用法律的规定,不仅仅是司法问题,更有必要在理论上对其进行必要的解读。 相似文献
19.
《Global Crime》2013,14(3):248-261
This text constructs a profile of one of Mexico's most powerful organised crime groups, the Gulf cartel. The text analyses the power of the cartel in the international system, the effects globalisation has had on its operations, the threats it poses to the state, and the obstacles the state faces in countering transnational organised crime groups. 相似文献
20.
Official and victimisation data show that despite falling rates for motor vehicle thefts, much of the EU ‘organized crime’
related thefts have remained almost stable. Nevertheless, the car-theft market in the EU has changed, and so has the role
of traditional destinations for stolen vehicles, such as Eastern Europe. The paper examines the demand, supply, and regulation
factors that shape the structures of the vehicle theft market in Bulgaria, and smuggling patterns and offender behaviour in
source countries, in particular Spain. We argue that such nuanced historical approach that takes into account a wider range
of factors in destination countries can help explain the recent transformations in Europe’s vehicle-theft markets.
相似文献
Tihomir BezlovEmail: |