Fatal combined anileridine-pethidine poisoning. A gas chromatography, thin layer chromatography and mass spectrometry investigation.

Anileridine and pethidine were established by gas and thin layer chromatography and mass spectroscopy. In the mass spectrum the main peak of anileridine is found at m/e 246 and that of pethidine at m/e 71. The determination was made by gas chromatography from the blood, urine, liver, muscle and stomach contents.     

The Pursuit of the Perak Regalia: Islam, Law, and the Politics of Authority in the Colonial State

Islamic law changed radically in the last century and a half. It was codified and limited to the domain of personal and family law in almost all majority and minority Muslim states. The argument of this article is that this remarkable change in Islamic law began in the colonial state. Islamic law, as it functions within postcolonial Muslim states, is a product of negotiations between colonial and local elites over law, religion, culture, ethnicity, and the identity of the Muslim subject. In the case of colonial Malaya, this resulted in a codified, institutionalized legal system within a colonial state, which was critical in constructing Malay ethnic and religious identities and interpretations of Islam that prevail today.     

诸神之争、法制型支配与正当性——韦伯合法性理论的再认识

当韦伯以现代社会科学的视角对合法性与正当性的议题进行研究后,他对当下正当性等同于合法性的陈述几乎成了我们研究合法性与正当性的出发点,不论是反对还是赞同。但是,在韦伯的合法性理论中,作为正当性的合法性存在两种意涵,一种是与价值无涉的经验陈述;一种是与价值判断相关的倾向和论证。正是在对经验现象批驳的基础上,韦伯论证了法制型支配和领袖民主相配合下作为正当性的合法性之可能条件。当我们正本清源,对韦伯的合法性理论进行再认识,或许会产生新的启示。     

The indices of the mass and lipids of sections of the heart in cadavers in chronic alcoholism, alcoholic cardiomyopathy and ethanol poisoning]

Alcohol abuse involves heart mass increment at the expense of epicardial fat. Epicardial fat mass and the content of intramuscular lipids are the highest in alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Since epicardial fat mass increase is in direct correlation with the elevation of lipid content in the heart muscle proper, detection of a large mass of epicardial fat at autopsy permits a conclusion on myocardial obesity.     

Vicky,Cristina and Social Exclusion in Barcelona: A Tale of Two Cities

International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique - Barcelona has become one of the most touristic cities in the world, with more than 18 million...     

论鬼神观念对中国传统司法的积极意义

鬼神观念在当今社会已经被认为是愚昧、落后的表现.然而揆诸史乘,考察其对中国传统司法的影响我们看到,在当时的历史语境下,它对司法实践不乏积极意义.司法官员利用这种社会意识作为查明案件事实的手段;同时司法官对鬼神的信仰也使其可能成为冤案平反的契机和慎刑恤狱的心理因素.这种司法传统具有深厚的社会基础,与古人的认知能力和价值观念相适应,对古代案件侦破、冤案平反以及刑罚的轻缓都产生了正面影响.     

Inviolability of diplomatic archives: a comparative analysis,Australia and Malaysia

In 2017, the Russian Embassy in Washington DC protested that officials had carried away Russian diplomatic archives from their San Francisco Consulate-General, without supervision of Russian diplomats. The objective of this article is to analyze critically the meaning of the legal doctrine of the inviolability of diplomatic archives. The research question is what distinguishes documents in the form of a diplomatic archives from a solely organic arrangement. The Cardinal Rule of Provenance, applied to diplomatic archives, transforms the status of the documents so that diplomats have a sole right to act on them, so to make reasoned judgments.     

Combating the threats of cybercrimes in Malaysia: The efforts,the cyberlaws and the traditional laws

Cybercrimes are increasing in Malaysia. According to a report the crimes jumped by 88 per cent in 2011 with 15,218 cases compared with 8090 in 2010. This report has caused a lot of concern from the Government and the public. At a glance, these crimes are like ‘diseases’ spreading throughout the country and causing damage to people, the economy and the country. Although various efforts have been taken and some are still ongoing, total prevention of cybercrime is very difficult. Combating the threat is very challenging since Malaysia is still lacking in many of the tools required including manpower and technology. But the efforts will continue. This paper discusses some of the efforts taken by the Government and other organisations to deal with these problems followed by an analysis on the application of cyberlaws and how these measures work together with the traditional law in tackling cybercrime cases.     

Divergence and Convergence in the Law of Contractual Penalties and Liquidated Damages Clauses in England,Singapore, and Malaysia

Liverpool Law Review - Contracts often make provision for the remedies available upon breach, i.e., by providing for a sum or stipulation available to either party upon breach by the other (an...     

三甲基硫赶磷酸酯在甲胺磷农药中毒检验中的作用

目的探讨三甲基硫赶磷酸酯在甲胺磷农药中毒检验中的作用。方法利用气-质联用仪器(GC-MS)分析了甲胺磷中毒者的检材(血,胃内容物)。结果检出了O,O,S三甲基硫赶磷酸酯,却未检出甲胺磷。结论研究了这一现象的原因和确定了O,O,S三甲基硫赶磷酸酯(O,O,S-TMTP)可作为甲胺磷中毒的佐证物。     

Sudden unexpected death due to Taxus poisoning. A report of five cases, with review of the literature.

The toxicity of yew (Taxus) has been known since antiquity. However, in the past 31 years, to our knowledge only six cases of Taxus poisoning have been reported in the literature. In the present paper we add five cases. From a forensic point of view, intoxication with Taxus has three important aspects: (i) the clinical presentation, which among other causes should suggest Taxus intoxication; (ii) the fact that the diagnosis may often be easily made by examination of the contents of stomach, duodenum and small bowel and (iii) the widespread availability in the near future of Taxol, an anti-neoplastic drug which is an alkaloid extracted from Taxus. The clinical and autopsy findings are summarized, the diagnostic aspects are discussed and the literature concerning Taxus is reviewed.     

乙醇与乌头碱联合染毒对大鼠心肌细胞RYR2的影响

目的研究不同浓度乙醇与乌头碱联合染毒对大鼠心室肌细胞RYR~2蛋白表达的影响。方法用优化的方法进行新生大鼠心室肌细胞原代培养,设置4组实验组,分别为A、B、C、D组,即分别用1μmol/L乌头碱、5mmol/L乙醇+1μmol/L乌头碱、50mmol/L乙醇+1μmol/L乌头碱以及100mmol/L乙醇+1μmol/L乌头碱进行染毒,同时设立对照组(E组)。染毒1h后,用Western blot技术检测RYR~2蛋白含量,重复实验,将对所得数据进行统计分析。结果 1μmol/L乌头碱作用1h,使培养的大鼠心肌细胞RYR~2蛋白量增加;5mmol/L乙醇、50mmol/L乙醇分别与乌头碱联合染毒组中RYR~2蛋白表达量均较单独乌头碱染毒组低;100mmol/L乙醇-乌头碱联合染毒组RYR~2蛋白量与单独乌头碱染毒组相较未见明显差异。结论乙醇-乌头碱联合染毒对RYR~2的蛋白量有明显影响,不同浓度乙醇与乌头碱联合染毒对RYR~2的影响效果不一致,低浓度乙醇能拮抗乌头碱引起的RYR~2含量增加,随着乙醇浓度逐渐升高,拮抗作用逐渐减弱,且有向协同作用转化的趋势。     

The Politics of Palliative Care and the Ethical Boundaries of Medicine: Gonzales v. Oregon as a Cautionary Tale

The U.S. Supreme Court's 6-decision in Gonzales v. Oregon is the latest defeat for the Bush administration in its sustained attack on Oregon's physician-assisted suicide law. Both the majority opinion and the major dissent in Oregon provide an opportunity to assess the dangers inherent in allowing a political agenda that emphasizes the sanctity of life and minimizes professional ethical obligations to overshadow quality patient care at the end of life.     

Histochemical changes in the hypothalamus, hypophysis, and adrenal glands observed in ethanol poisoning

A comprehensive morphological-and-histochemical study of neuroendocrinal internals in cases of ethanol poisonings was undertaken. Actual forensic medical materials were used (62 cadavers) to make morphometry examinations of the hypothesis and adrenal glands. Besides, the distribution of alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase was investigated in the mediatory differential brain sections, i.e. cerebellum, locus coeruleus, dorsal raphe nucleus, hypothalamus and adrenal glands. A differential distribution of ethanol-oxidizing enzymes as well as their changes in ethanol lethal poisoning were established; additionally, a variety of morphological signs were defined, which enable the differential diagnosis of a death reason in acute alcoholic intoxication.     

Dependence of acute opiate poisoning lethal outcome on the gender, age, and duration of addiction

The article presents toxicological characteristics of 198 cases of acute parenteral poisoning with morphine and heroin in the range of concentrations of their metabolites in the blood and urine which occur in practice. Risk of death is quantified in the range of possible morphine concentrations in the blood in acute opiates intoxication with reference to gender and age. Assessment of the criteria of quantitative opiates toxicity was made according to the method of logit regression and dose-effect curve suitable for analysis of correlations between probability of death and blood concentrations of opiates metabolites. Conditional lethal doses in respect to gender and age are calculated.