Comparative study of methods of isolating ergometrine from cadaveric material

The results of comparative study using three methods of ergometrine isolation from cadaveric material with respect to Vasiljeva, Kramarenko, Stas-Otto are presented. Vasileva's method appeared to be more effective.     

An evaluation of methods for isolating antiparkinson preparations from cadaveric material

Methods of amedine, amyzyl, and tropacine isolation from cadaveric material, blood and urine were developed. They ensure higher output of the given substances as compared with conventional methods of isolation of toxicologically significant substances. An extraction-photometric method was developed for estimation of amedine, amyzyl, and tropacine in the cadaveric material.     

显微操作法提取混合斑中精子细胞方法的探讨

目的尝试建立一种提取混合斑中精子细胞的检测方法。方法在人为控制条件下,制备精液—阴道液混合斑,分别使用显微操作法与差异裂解法分离精子细胞,提取DNA,进行STR基因型检测。结果采用显微操作法检测成功率11/12,差异裂解法成功率1/12,两者有显著性差异。结论显微操作法可有效获取精子细胞,排除女性物质和其它杂质的干扰,STR分型成功率优于差异裂解法。     

Gas-chromatographic detection of acetic acid in cadaveric specimens

Data on Liquid Gas Chromatographic method for detection of the acetic acid after etherification in the cadaveric organs are presented. The results of quantitative acetic acid determination in the cadaveric organs by LGC method after etherification are influenced upon by its "background" values. Acetic acid concentration in the cadaveric organs of subjects who died from the cause other than acetic acid poisoning is within the limits 0.1-0.21 g (mean value 0.17 g) in 100 g of the stomach and 0.07-0.13 g (mean value 0.11 g) in 100 g of the liver. Method may be used in expert practice to determine acetic acid poisoning with due regard for its "background" concentrations in the organs.     

精子富集柱分离技术的研究

目的在传统差异裂解法基础上,研究建立新的混合斑检材中精子分离技术。方法根据精细胞的结构特点,研制精子富集柱。取混合斑检材经第一步消化后的混合液,加入精子富集柱中离心,使DNA等小分子物质透过,而精细胞被特异性黏附和拦截在富集层中。采用本文技术和常规裂解方法对12份混合斑检材中精子进行分离,分离后精子DNA采用Identifiler试剂盒进行PCR扩增和电泳检测。结果混合斑检材经精子富集柱分离后均获得单一男性精子的STR分型结果,而12份检材用常规裂解方法分离,其中有6份检材女性成分去除不完全或未能检出精子STR基因型。结论本研究建立的精子富集柱分离技术适用于常见混合斑检材中精子的分离,特别适合对含有大量女性混合物而精子量较少检材的分离提取。     

A rapid method for the extraction of cocaine and benzoylecgonine from body fluids

A method has been developed for the rapid extraction of cocaine and benzoylecgonine from post-mortem blood and urine samples. Solid phase columns containing C8 packing material gave clean, emulsion free extracts from body fluids. The total time for each extraction was approx. 10 min and the system has the capacity for the simultaneous extraction of up to 10 samples. Urine can be extracted directly, blood samples were sonicated before extraction to allow for their easy passage through the columns. The method gave excellent recoveries of cocaine (98-100%) from spiked samples at concentrations of between 50 ng/ml and 10 micrograms/ml. Analysis of the extracts was by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).     

A method for determining molybdenum in cadaveric material by using alkylphenylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid]

Alkylphenylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid was found to be an efficient extractant to extract molybdenum from the cadaveric material. Method suggested is simple enough for use and doesn't require considerable amounts of chemical reagents.     

A rapid wire-based sampling method for DNA profiling

Abstract: This paper reports the results of a commission to develop a field deployable rapid short tandem repeat (STR)‐based DNA profiling system to enable discrimination between tissues derived from a small number of individuals. Speed was achieved by truncation of sample preparation and field deployability by use of an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyser^TM. Human blood and tissues were stabbed with heated stainless steel wire and the resulting sample dehydrated with isopropanol prior to direct addition to a PCR. Choice of a polymerase tolerant of tissue residues and cycles of amplification appropriate for the amount of template expected yielded useful profiles with a custom‐designed quintuplex primer set suitable for use with the Bioanalyser^TM. Samples stored on wires remained amplifiable for months, allowing their transportation unrefrigerated from remote locations to a laboratory for analysis using AmpFlSTR^® Profiler Plus^® without further processing. The field system meets the requirements for discrimination of samples from small sets and retains access to full STR profiling when required.     

Triton X-100快速提取甲醛固定、石蜡包埋组织内DNA的方法

目的建立一种快速提取甲醛固定、石蜡包埋组织内DNA的方法。方法利用TritonX-100一步提取甲醛固定、石蜡包埋组织内DNA,并具体研究了不同浓度TritonX-100对提取后DNA-STR分型效果的影响。结果成功地一步提取出甲醛固定、石蜡包埋组织内DNA,浓度为1%的TritonX-100提取效果较好。结论利用TritonX-100提取甲醛固定、石蜡包埋组织内的DNA,为快速提取DNA提供了有效的途径,是法科学领域中一种值得推荐的方法。     

A rapid method to detect dried saliva stains swabbed from human skin using fluorescence spectroscopy

Saliva on skin is important in forensic trace evidence. If areas where saliva is present can be outlined, this may lead to DNA analysis and identification. This study describes a rapid and non-destructive method to detect dried saliva on the surface of the skin by fluorescence spectroscopy. Eighty-two volunteers deposited samples of their own saliva on the skin of their ventral forearm. A control sample of water was deposited at three different sites on the contralateral arm. Saliva and water control were then allowed to air-dry. Swab samples were taken from dried saliva and control sites and were dissolved in 0.1M KCl solution. Emission spectra were obtained from the solution and were characterized by a principal maximum at 345-355nm with excitation at 282nm. The fluorescence emission intensity was greater than background readings obtained from the control swab site in 80 of 82 volunteers (approximately 97.6%). The fluorescence profile of saliva samples were similar to those obtained from aqueous samples of pure amylase and tryptophan, an endogenous fluorophore in alpha-amylase. The presence of an emission peak at 345-355nm with excitation at 282nm could provide a strong presumptive indication of saliva deposition.