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证明妨碍之构成以相对人负有相应之义务为其逻辑基点,提出义务产生于诉讼提起之时,而保存义务则始于诉讼可"合理预期"之际。基于救济、惩罚和阻却等三大功能目标,并充分考量证明妨碍行为本身所呈现出的三种不同样态,在择定其法律效果时,可考虑推定文书之内容为真、拟制文书之应证事实为真、罚款或强制交付和提起独立之诉等不同路径的选择适用,从而为最大限度地回复当事人之公平,实现当事人之平等接近事证,提供多重救济路径。 相似文献
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目的研究平板玻璃打碎后玻璃雨的飞溅高度及空间分布,从而为玻璃物证提取和现场分析提供依据。方法应用自制的实验装置,模拟嫌疑人手持硬物击碎窗户玻璃,收集窗户下地面上和打击者处飞溅的玻璃微粒,对颗粒大小、散布区域进行统计分析,并与通过动力学计算得出的分布进行比较。结果在距离窗户0.5m处,玻璃颗粒的飞溅高度可高于玻璃上相应来源点的高度;较小颗粒有较大的飞溅范围。结论玻璃雨颗粒大小分布和空间分布规律对于嫌疑人身上、头部玻璃物证的提取以及案件的现场分析有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
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目的研究玻璃刺创的形态学特点。方法分别用3个厚度为0.31cm带尖状突起的啤酒瓶残端及3块厚度为0.29cm有尖的普通窗玻璃碎片按设定的不同方向刺击带皮猪肉组织,重复此过程3次,形成198例创口,观察、编号、拍照、测量各创口。结果198例创口的整体形态可分为5种类型,即“工”型、“”型、“”型、“上”型与“一”型,各型在不同刺击方向的分布上存在差异,其中前4种为主要类型,共约占总数的93%,其共同点为在损伤的中部出现了一段与损伤整体走向垂直的创口,啤酒瓶残端所致垂直创口的长度为0.31±0.Olcm(x±s),窗玻璃碎片所致垂直创口的长度为0.29±0.Olcm(x±s)。结论损伤中部有与损伤整体走向垂直的短创口是玻璃刺创中易出现的一种形态学特点,垂直创的长度与致伤玻璃的厚度具有一致性。 相似文献
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综述了毛细管气相色谱柱的保养与维护.就毛细管柱分析使用中常遇到的一些问题,例如如何避免色谱柱的断裂,固定相的损伤,色谱柱的污染以及如何解决一些不能避免的问题和应采取的措施、步骤. 相似文献
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“天花板现象“与女性领导胜任力的保障、培育与开发 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
女性参与和组织公共事务管理活动,是妇女参与的最高形式,在当今世界被视为提高妇女地位的重要方面,也是衡量一个国家社会发展和文明进步的标志之一。但是,我国女性在职务晋升中还存在着只能担任低层职务,或者做到一定职位后便再难晋升的"玻璃天花板"现象。本文分析了这一现象的表现、形成根源,并提出了通过提高女性领导胜任力克服"玻璃天花板"现象的对策措施。 相似文献
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玻璃碎片及形态是案发现场常见的物证形式,开展对玻璃的物证分析研究,能够确定玻璃的来源与种类,推断玻璃破碎原因等,为案件的取证、重建和侦破提供线索和证据。简要介绍了常见玻璃的种类,分析了玻璃破碎的根本原因,总结了低速冲击和高速冲击下玻璃破碎的形态特征,还从玻璃碎片收集和检验两个方面探讨了玻璃实体物证的分析。 相似文献
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基层经侦工作机制的有效延伸有助于提升经侦部门的整体作战效能,将会实现打击经济犯罪的法律效果与社会效果的统一,揭示经济犯罪的发案规律,从而为有效预防和精确打击经济犯罪奠定坚实的基础。针对目前基层经侦工作机制延伸中存在的经侦职能延伸不到位、经侦协作落实不到位、经侦基础工作不到位、经侦业务考核不到位、少数经侦民警综合素质不到位等问题,提出在基层经侦大队构建"1+N"模式,即"经侦大队+六室"延伸模式,强化基层经侦工作机制。在中心基层派出所、同级行政执法部门、大型商圈、大型企业、大队内部分别建立经侦工作室、协作室、咨询室、联络室、档案室、法制室等,实现经侦工作向基层、行政执法部门及商圈、企业等延伸。 相似文献
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Lauryn C. Alexander BS Oriana Ovide MS Olivia C. Duffett BS Andra D. Lewis MS Patrick Buzzini PhD James Curran PhD Tatiana Trejos PhD 《Journal of forensic sciences》2023,68(3):790-806
This study assists the interpretation of glass and paint evidence by filling an existing gap in the background occurrence that reflects the socioeconomic and demographic circumstances in the United States. The collection was performed in a college US city (Morgantown, West Virginia) to determine the effect of the type of clothing worn at different seasons on the presence of glass and paint. Tape lifts and sole scrapings (1038) were collected from 210 participants and up to six clothing and footwear areas per individual. Glass fragments were analyzed via polarized light microscopy (PLM), refractive index (RI), micro-X-Ray fluorescence (μXRF), and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), while paint specimens were examined by light microscopy and infrared spectroscopy (μFTIR). Higher occurrences of glass and paint were found in the winter season. The winter collection yielded 10 glass fragments and 68 paint particles, whereas the summer collection resulted in one glass fragment and 23 paint particles. The percentage of individuals with traces varied between seasons; 7% of individuals in the winter and 0.9% in the summer had glass, whereas 36% of individuals in the winter and 19% in the summer bore paint. Lastly, when considering the overall garment and footwear areas, glass was detected in 1.4% of the winter set, compared to 0.2% in the summer collection; paint was found in 9.2% of the winter collection, whereas only 4.2% was found in the summer set. There were no instances where both glass and paint were detected on the clothing and footwear of the same individual. 相似文献
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Allison C. Baca M.S. John I. Thornton D.Crim. Frederic A. Tulleners M.A. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2016,61(Z1):S92-S101
The study of fractures of glass, glassy‐type materials, and plastic has long been of interest to the forensic community. The focus of this interest has been the use of glass and polymer fractures to associate items of evidence under the assumption that each fracture is different. Generally, it is well‐accepted that deviations exist; however, the emphasis has been on classifying and predicting fracture rather than determining that each fracture is different. This study documented the controlled fracture patterns of 60 glass panes, 60 glass bottles, and 60 plastic tail light lens covers using both dynamic impact and static pressure methods under closely controlled conditions. Each pattern was intercompared, and based on the limited specimens tested in this study, the results illustrate that the fracture patterns are different. Further repetitive studies, under controlled conditions, will be needed to provide more statistical significance to the theory that each fracture forms a nonreproducible fracture pattern. 相似文献
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The Death of Countess Agusta in Portofino (Northern Italy) and the Soil from Two Mismatched Slippers
Abstract: Accident, suicide, or homicide might have caused the death of Countess Agusta who fell from the 80-m tall cliff of her villa. Two mismatched slippers were recovered along the cliff. Use was made of microscope, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and microprobe techniques to compare 40 mg of soil collected from the slipper soles with samples from the villa garden. Structural details of the slipper soles were consistent with the lady wearing them during the fall. Analysis of the soil residues confirmed that they originated from the garden only. The features of a few, minute glass chips adhering to the slipper soles reasonably matched those of other fragments that were found on a small ledge on the cliff beyond the garden parapet. Based on this and other evidence, the case was closed with a verdict of accidental fall. 相似文献
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本文通过对爆炸现场玻璃破碎处冲击波峰值超压的研究,得出推算炸药量的三个计算公式,并通过实际案例的验算,对推算炸药量公式的适用范围进行了分析讨论. 相似文献
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For comparative glass examinations, the refractive indices (RIs) of recovered glass fragments are often compared to a test interval defined by measurements from a broken glass object. RI measurements from five modern float glasses were used via resampling to assess the frequencies of false exclusion errors for eight test criteria as functions of the number of measurements. The test criteria were based on ranges, fixed intervals, and multiples of standard deviations of the known source measurements. The observed error rates for the eight tests studied are between zero and c. 35%, depending upon the match criteria, the number of measurements, and the RI distribution for a glass source. The results of this study can be used to predict the false exclusion rate for a test criterion under a given set of conditions or to select test criteria that result in a desired error rate for these typical sheet glasses. 相似文献