试论人体器官权与器官捐献激励原则(2)(中国政法大学2005届硕士学位论文)

第三章我国器官捐献匮乏的成因分析 一、国内外器官捐献立法回眸 在器官捐献立法方面,外国及我国地方的情况见表1.     

试论人体器官权与器官捐献激励原则(2)(中国政法大学2005届硕士学位论文)

第三章我国器官捐献匮乏的成因分析 一、国内外器官捐献立法回眸 在器官捐献立法方面,外国及我国地方的情况见表1.     

试论人体器官权与器官捐献激励原则(1)

随着外科手术的突飞猛进,离体脏器活力有效保存方法的建立,以及控制移植后排斥反应措施与药物的研制成功,器官移植终于从幻想走到了现实。五十几年来,器官移植不仅拯救了几十万人的生命,也让无数不治之症的患者有了生的希望。器官移植的成功不免让人产生错觉,似乎人的身体就像一部机器,人体器官就像一个个零件,可以轻易地拆卸和更换。①1998年10月15日,北京医科大学人民医院大夫高伟峰为了救治绝境中的急症患者,在备用角膜失效的情况下,从医院太平间摘取死者的眼球,使两名患者双眼复明。后被死者家属发现,要求追究医生的刑事责任,并索取精神…     

试论人体器官权与器官捐献激励原则(2)

迄今为止,我国尚未制定一部统一的人体器官移植法。不过,我国已有不少城市如北京、上海、广州、南京、镇江、扬州、郑州、天津等开展了遗体捐献工作。     

论器官捐献法立法原则--兼论法律对私权利限制的证成

本文以高伟峰医生偷摘尸体眼球救治两病人, 遭死者家属起诉一案作引,提出了应在我国制定器官捐献法,并评述了器官捐献法的两原则 ,从个人权利来源,法律对个人权利限制的证成及我国当前实际情况等角度分析,指出我国的器官捐献法易采取自愿原则.     

中国人体器官捐献与移植委员会成立

2014年3月1日,中国人体器官捐献与移植委员会在北京成立。该委员会合并了中国人体器官移植技术临床应用委员会、中国人体器官捐献工作委员会,由国家卫生计生委主导,将在国家卫生计生委和中国红十字会总会领导下,对全国人体器官捐献和移植的管理工作进行顶层设计,并拟定有关政策措施。     

论器官捐献法立法原则--兼论法律对私权利限制的证成

本文以高伟峰医生偷摘尸体眼球救治两病人, 遭死者家属起诉一案作引,提出了应在我国制定器官捐献法,并评述了器官捐献法的两原则 ,从个人权利来源,法律对个人权利限制的证成及我国当前实际情况等角度分析,指出我国的器官捐献法易采取自愿原则.     

尸体器官捐献的相关法律问题研究

尸体作为民法上的物是既有自然属性又有伦理属性的客观实在,是一种特殊的物。这就意味着对尸体进行法律规制既要充分发挥尸体的精神效用和物质效用又要注意保护死者亲属的利益和社会的公序良俗,在尸体器官捐献中尤其要注意对尸体的合理利用及对权利人利益的保护。     

论非法买卖器官与器官捐献之认定

刑法修正案八第二百三十四条修改后,增加了有关非法买卖器官的罪名,这确定了非法买卖器官的独立罪名。这一项修订符合了我国社会的发展,但是我国对于器官捐献、器官移植的相关法律还是缺失,相关机构不完备。这需要我们努力地去完备相关法律制度,建立相关的机构,建立一套完备器官捐献、移植的运作制度。     

论普遍人权

普遍人权已成为支持当代国际、国内事务政治上正当、法律上合理、道德上正确的必要基础。普遍人权理论从人的起码尊严与价值这一基点出发 ,可析分为人权价值的普遍、人权主体的普遍与人权标准的普遍。普遍人权应以先验的人性共似观为基石 ,以理性的文化相对观为限度。     

Forced organ donation: the presumed consent to organ donation laws of the various states and the United States Constitution

The issues presented in this Comment pertain to whether there are substantive limits imposed by the Fourteenth Amendment upon the state legislatures which would defeat the recent, tentative steps of many states to pass laws authorizing presumed consent to organ donation. The final and perhaps least effective presumed consent law creates a presumption of consent to organ donation. The potential organ donor makes the choice whether to donate or not during his lifetime. This form of the presumed consent law would probably have the least impact on increasing the number of available donor organs. It permitted the coroner to harvest the eyes and corneas of deceased individuals if the coroner was unaware of objections from either the decedent or the family of the decedent. Presumed consent statutes should be found unconstitutional because they infringe upon a family's property interest in a deceased relative's corpse. However, due to the family's property interest in a relative's deceased body, as set forth in the next section, the result is that presumed consent statutes are unconstitutional. In order to find the presumed consent law unconstitutional, the Court would have to find that either: (a) the Fourteenth Amendment's liberty component included the family's right to determine what happens to a relative's body after death, or (b) that the property component included a vested state law property interest in the dead body.     

试论中国农民的人权发展

国家农民向社会农民的转变,使农民人权观由群体权利观发展为个体权利观;农民人权的两大实质性内容--平等与自由发生了很大变化,由过去的只关注平等、漠视自由转变为既关注平等、又珍视自由,农民的财产权也有实质性的发展;农民人权保障体制也逐步健全.     

To solve a deadly shortage: economic incentives for human organ donation

In this article Dr. Harris and attorney Alcorn propose the establishment of a governmentally regulated, posthumous organ market, with economic incentives for the donors, in order to increase the supply of transplantable organs. The authors review transplant technology, provide a short history of donation and sale of organs, tissues, and cells, discuss the various legislative approaches that have been made to increase the supply of organs, and analyze the problems with the open market approach. They conclude with a proposal for a regulated posthumous organ market.     

论人权的司法最终救济性

人权,一般意义上理解为“人作为人’应当享有的权利,其最根本的价值就在于通过现代法治社会制度上的设计,使人权这种价值得到最彻底地实现。其中,司法在国家职能中县有保障人权实现的最终救济功能。…….