EVALUATION OF THE PAINT CREEK YOUTH CENTER: A RESIDENTIAL PROGRAM FOR SERIOUS DELINQUENTS*

A classic experimental design was used to determine whether youths assigned to a small experimental program, designed to offer a comprehensive and highly structured array of intervention services and activities, actually received significantly different treatment, and performed better, than control youths assigned to traditional training schools. Interviews with staff and youths suggest that the experimental program did deliver significantly more treatment services. One-year follow-up data showed no significant differences in arrests or self-reported delinquency between experimental and control groups, although those who completed the experimental program performed significantly better than those who were removed for disciplinary reasons.     

逐层脱漆显现方法

浅谈使用脱漆剂逐层脱漆显现的方法,再现物体表面被油漆涂刷掩盖的颜色、字迹、图案等.该方法简便、经济实用、效果好,在实际办案中发挥了较好的作用.     

WE NEVER CALL THE COPS AND HERE IS WHY: A QUALITATIVE EXAMINATION OF LEGAL CYNICISM IN THREE PHILADELPHIA NEIGHBORHOODS*

This article presents data from the completed first wave of a multiwave comparative study of crime, danger, and informal social control that focuses on youth living in three high‐crime neighborhoods in Philadelphia, PA (N= 147). The study is a purposive sample of delinquent and nondelinquent young men and women in one predominantly African‐American, one predominantly Latino, and one predominantly white neighborhood, and researchers have completed in‐depth interviews and self‐reports with each subject. This article focuses on the narratives that youth living in high‐crime neighborhoods build around their contact with police and the strategies the young people propose for crime reduction in their communities. The data illustrate that most youth in each neighborhood are negatively disposed toward police and that this is grounded in the lived experience of negative encounters with law enforcement. However, when youth expounded on what they thought would reduce crime, they overwhelmingly chose increased and tougher law enforcement. We analyze these findings to determine whether support exists for a subcultural approach or a cultural attenuation/procedural justice argument, and we explore the implications of our findings for community‐based crime control.     

THE REGULATION OF INTERACTION BY POLICE

Scholars agree that a preoccupation of police is the maintenance of their authority during encounters with civilians. There is little knowledge of how they seek to do this. Using a subset of process data from a large, quantitative, observational field study of police, the authors analyze it from the perspective of general systems theory. They find that authority is maintained in most cases by much more subtle means than past studies have identified.     

中国汉族男性锁骨的年龄变化

作者通过对125副已知年龄的中国汉族男性干燥锁骨的胸骨端、肩峰端及骨质表面变化等特征进行观察,找出了锁骨年龄变化的初步规律,提出锁骨年龄变化的分级评分标准。根据锁骨年龄变化的评分,应用电子计算机求出用锁骨判定年龄的回归方程,为无名尸骨的年龄判定提供了一个新的方法。     

垂体后叶素致冠状动脉痉挛症的实验病理学研究

作者通过大鼠舌下静脉注射垂体后叶素致冠状动脉痉挛,运用组织学、酶组织化学及电镜技术研究冠状动脉痉挛症引起心肌急性缺血的形态学变化特点,同时对大鼠心肌自溶性变化与上述结果进行了分析比较,认为心肌纤维磷钨酸苏木素(PTAH)染色出现不规则横带且伴有心肌间质小血管壁腺苷三磷酸酶(ATPase)活性下降,有助于冠状动脉痉挛症引起心肌缺血的诊断。     

根据蛆长推断死亡时间的回归方程

用最小二乘法原理对有关数据进行处理，得出一个根据蛆长推断死亡时间的回归方程。并通过对一百余条成熟粪蛆的变蛹情况观察，利用该方程归纳出了蛹的生长情况所相当于的蛆长，扩大了推断方程的应用范围，可推断变蛹后的死亡时间。     

机动车被毁改号码的识别

盗抢机动车犯罪分子常毁改机动车号码以达到销赃目的,本文对毁改后机动车号码的异常情况做了归纳分析,并提出了相应的检验方法,如直接观察法,测量法,拓描法,反光镜法等.     

测定血锶含量鉴定溺死的法医学意义

为评价血锶含量测定对诊断鉴定溺死的实用价值,作者用家兔进行实验,分别测定溺死与死后入水家兔左心血中锶含量。结果证实:1.死后较短时间内血锶含量测定确可鉴定溺死;2、死后24小时内仅可帮助鉴定溺死。实验表明水中浸泡时间因素对血锶含量确有显著影响。两例实际检案的应用观察,较实验性研究为佳,值得进一步研究。     

苏木素—碱性复红—苦味酸染色法对诊断早期心肌缺血的意义

本文应用苏木素-碱性复红-苦味酸染色法(HBFP)对家兔实验性心肌缺血的早期改变及急死案例的尸检材料进行了研究,实验性心肌缺血材料均作电镜观察。结果表明,冠状动脉结扎后15min,缺血心肌显复红色,呈散在分布,与正常心肌对比明显。随缺血时间延长,显复红色之心肌纤维数目增多,缺血区扩大。HBFP 染色法不受常规组织处理及死后自溶的影响,可用于临床病理及法医病理诊断。     

用发射光谱分析测定电流斑中的金属元素

<正> 电流斑由肉眼或组织学观察有时难以确认,尤其是凶杀案件中,在电击死亡后,尸体经伪装或因腐败,从形态学确诊电流斑困难更大。因此,如能在可疑电流斑部位的皮肤组织中,检出接触皮肤导体的金属元素,对确认电击致死具有重要意义。作者结合两起案例,利用原子发射光谱分析法,对人体皮肤电流斑进行检验。现将结果报告于下。     

ATR技术鉴定二组分混纺纤维

利用红外衰减全反射光谱技术,检验腈-棉、毛-腈、棉-毛等常见二组分混纺纤维,可获得腈、棉、毛纤维的独立特征峰,其吸光度与纤维的含量之间,具有良好的线性关系.因此,根据ATR谱,不但可以准确鉴别混纺纤维的组成,而且可以准确测定纤维的混纺比.