“两抢”犯罪的趋势与防控

根据最近16年的统计数据，我国“两抢”犯罪总体呈上升态势，且出现多方面的特点。当前，影响“两抢”犯罪变化趋势的因素主要有：社会管理机制完善的程度、社会成员之间收入的差距、“两抢”犯罪主体特点、社会成员的防范意识以及公安机关的防控机制等。预防“两抢”犯罪需要整个社会尤其是公安机关的共同努力。     

Drivers and Dynamics of Internal and International Remittances

This article analyses whether and how intra-household remittance volumes vary with the length of a migrant's absence, and whether the drivers and dynamics of remittance decay depend on the migrant's destination. We address these questions by using data from the 64th round of the Indian National Sample Survey, conducted between July 2007 and June 2008. We find that the average intra-household remittance function follows a curvilinear trajectory that is best approximated by a quartic (M-shaped) specification. The volatility of intra-household remittances is distinct across migration destinations, with international remittance flows being more volatile than internal intra-state or inter-state flows.     

Russian stereotypes and myths of Ukraine and Ukrainians and why Novorossiya failed

This article discusses two inter-related issues. Firstly, the factors lying behind Russia's fervent belief that its Novorossiya (New Russia) project, aimed to bring back to Russia eight oblasts of Donetsk, Luhansk, Kharkiv, Dnipro, Zaporizhhya, Odesa, Mykolayiv, and Kherson in eastern and southern Ukraine and launched during the 2014 “Russian Spring,” would be successful. Russian identity misunderstood, and continues to misunderstand, Ukraine and Ukrainians through stereotypes and myths of Ukraine as an “artificial state” and Ukraine's Russian speakers as “fraternal brothers” and Russians and Ukrainians as “one people” (odin narod). Secondly, why Ukrainian national identity was different than these Russian stereotypes and myths and how this led to the failure of the Novorossiya project. Russian stereotypes and myths of Ukraine and Ukrainians came face to face with the reality of Russian-speaking Ukrainian patriotism and their low support for the Russkij Mir (Russian World). The article compares Russian stereotypes and myths of Ukraine and Ukrainians with how Ukrainians see themselves to explain the roots of the 2014 crisis, “Russian Spring,” and failure of Russian President Vladimir Putin's Novorossiya project.     

意大利重建共产党的理论政策调整及面临的问题

意大利重建共产党在意大利政坛上具有一定的政治影响力,是当前欧洲共产主义运动中的一支重要力量.本文主要对重建共成立十余年来理论政策的发展演变作出了总结和分析,对该党取得的斗争成就、存在的问题以及发展趋势进行了探讨,以供相关研究者参考.     

家庭功能弱化与未成年人违法犯罪之探讨

家庭是承担未成年人初次社会化的第一环节。当前，从未成年人违法犯罪轨迹看，很多可以从家庭功能弱化方面找到一些印记，如结构不全、亲情隔阂、教育缺损等。为降低未成年人违法犯罪率，广大家长应秉承责任关怀理念，大力提高自身监护和教育能力，积极打造以责任为主轴的家庭教育链，不断优化其成长环境。努力提升其成长幸福指数。     

Economic development and the administration and regulation of transport

This paper examines the impact on total factor productivity (TFP) growth in the South of North-South and South-South trade-related technology diffusion and of foreign direct investment (FDI). North-South and South-South trade-related research and development (R&D) stocks are constructed based on industry-specific R&D in the North, North-South and South-South trade patterns, and input-output relations in the South. The main findings are: 1. Both North-South and South-South trade-related R&D have a positive impact on TFP growth in the South; 2. FDI has a positive, though smaller, impact on TFP growth; 3. The impact on TFP growth of trade-related technology diffusion increases with the level of education in the case of North-South trade but not in the case of South-South trade.     

Patterns of energy consumption and economic growth and structure

The role of energy utilization in economic growth has received much attention in recent years. The distinctive characteristics of our analysis are that this role is dealt with in a quantitative way and that both cross‐section and time‐series approaches are utilized. We confirm earlier findings that energy consumption tends to be more responsive to economic growth in less developed than in advanced countries. We conclude, however, that the relationship between energy and economic growth activity is affected by a variety of other factors. Multivariate tests suggest that the industrial structure of the economy and the composition of energy consumption are especially significant additional variables.     

Displacement and Testimony: Recent History and the Study of Exile and Post-exile

This article analyzes the testimonial literature of Latin American exile within the wider framework of studies of exile and post-exile. It claims that testimonies have an important role in providing access to the multiple and reflexive voices of exiles and expatriates, which are relevant to the reconstruction of the recent history of Latin America. Their relevance lies in enabling analysis to move beyond the heroic, Byronic vision of exile towards a less idealistic yet more intimate understanding of the gains and losses of territorial displacement, as well as the tensions, ambiguities, and conflicts developing within the communities of exiles, as they face new challenges. Exile testimonies also allow research to trace the development of a broader sense of identity extending beyond territorial borders and expressed in the awareness of being part of national Diasporas and, for many, also a Latin American transnational consciousness.     

控制制高点--三论马克思恩格斯的国有制理论与现实

列宁在十月革命前不主张在经济落后的俄国立即实现全面的国有化,但从一个国家的辛迪加到提出"控制制高点",经历了一段很长的理论和实践的艰苦求索,其中包含三个根本性的转变:从全力反对"小资产阶级自发性"到一定程度上允许"自发性";从国家生产和国家分配制度到市场决策;从建设的"革命"方式到渐进主义的改良.     

在宗教与世俗间寻求平衡--土耳其正义与发展党执政经验

土耳其为世俗化伊斯兰国家,自1945年实行多党制以来,国内政党林立,目前有合法政党50余个.2002年11月,正义与发展党(简称正发党)上台单独执政.该党具有特殊的伊斯兰宗教背景,其执政之路因而引起了国际社会的广泛关注.     

大学生违纪违法与高等教育改革

我国大学生违法犯罪增多引起了社会的广泛关注。研究大学生违法犯罪不能够脱离我国高等教育改革和发展的社会背景,因为现阶段我国大学生违法犯罪增多,不仅与经济发展和社会结构的变化以及大学生个人因素有着密切的关联,而且与高等教育的现实和发展紧密相关。预防大学生违法犯罪必须对我国高等教育改革进行反思,并进一步加大我国高等教育改革的步伐,通过高等教育的改革努力为大学生健康成长和成才创造良好的条件从而达到预防大学生违法犯罪的目的。     

Role and place of the parliament of Kazakhstan in the system of checks and balances

This article examines the system of checks and balances in post-Soviet Kazakhstan in general and the role of the Parliament of Kazakhstan in that system in particular. As opposed to the scientific mainstream in Kazakhstan which explains established system of checks and balances as a result of formal constitutional reforms, this article undertakes broader analytical framework and examines the system of checks and balances in Kazakhstan taking into account a correlation of formal and informal practices. The goal of the article is to show that in post-Soviet Kazakhstan the separation of powers is established without proper checks and balances. The inference drawn from the article is that the separation of powers in Kazakhstan is blocked by the strong constitutional and informal powers of the President, which allows him to control and interfere in affairs of all branches of power.     

Age patterns of suicide: identification and characterization of European clusters and trends

Relatively few studies have addressed age patterns of suicide using specifically designed and systematized approaches. Our main objective was to identify and characterize age patterns of suicide in Europe, both on cross-sectional and longitudinal perspectives, based on data comprising the two last decades of the 20th century. A second objective was to determine whether some analytical methods could be useful as complementary approaches to the traditional examination of age-specific rate curves. We identified and characterized four patterns: upward-sloping, convex, downward-sloping, and uniform. The first three reproduce patterns previously described, though we propose some modifications to the respective classification criteria. Longitudinally, pattern stability was found for most countries, but some notable exceptions were detected. From the computation of multiple-decrement life tables by European country, period, and gender, we derived cumulative distributions of age at death for suicide. The results indicate that this methodology is a useful tool, not only for describing and summarizing information, but, more importantly, for providing a better understanding of intrinsic features and complexities of the patterns. Finally, we discuss practical implications of the study in the context of previous theories linking age patterns of suicide to sociological and economic dimensions, and we raise a few questions and hypotheses to be addressed in future research.     

Collective memory and reputational politics of national heroes and villains

The politics of memory plays an important role in the ways certain figures are evaluated and remembered, as they can be rehabilitated or vilified, or both, as these processes are contested. We explore these issues using a transition society, Georgia, as a case study. Who are the heroes and villains in Georgian collective memory? What factors influence who is seen as a hero or a villain and why? How do these selections correlate with Georgian national identity? We attempt to answer these research questions using a newly generated data set of contemporary Georgian perspectives on recent history. Our survey results show that according to a representative sample of the Georgian population, the main heroes from the beginning of the twentieth century include Zviad Gamsakhurdia, Ilia Chavchavadze, and Patriarch Ilia II. Eduard Shevardnadze, Sergo Ordzhonikidze, and Vladimir Putin represent the main villains, and those that appear on both lists are Mikheil Saakashvili and Joseph Stalin. We highlight two clusters of attitudes that are indicative of how people think about Georgian national identity, mirroring civic and ethnic conceptions of nationalism. How Georgians understand national identity impacts not only who they choose as heroes or villains, but also whether they provide an answer at all.     

Geography and the outcomes of civil resistance and civil war

This paper reports the results of the first cross-national examination of the impact of the geography of nonviolent contention on regime transitions. Nonviolent tactics ‘work’ in part by signalling the preferences of non-participants through the symbolism of participants, unlike violent tactics. This opens the way for nonviolent campaigns to exploit variations in social-spatial meaning to enhance the informativeness of dissent. Capital cities are one such symbolic place and the main prediction of this study is a positive relationship between large protests and regime transitions in the capital, but not elsewhere. I also predict a strong direct relationship between the proximity to the capital of fighting in civil wars, and regime transitions; no relationship to the proximity of nonviolent contention; and that the intensity of violent conflict impacts regime transitions in a way that is largely independent of location. Results from an analysis of episodes of violent and nonviolent conflict from 1990 to 2014 generally support these contentions.     

日本安保政策的变化及其特点

冷战时期日本的安保政策主要是在<日本国宪法>和<日美安保条约>的框架之下制定并付诸实施的.冷战结束以后,特别是"9·11"事件后,日本的安保政策则进入了一个不断变化的过程,在美国的体恤扶持下自主意识逐步增强,向着趋于自主的方向迈进.