士绅阶层衰落化过程中的乡村政治——以20世纪二三十年代的浙江省为例

士绅阶层是影响乡村政治的一支重要政治力量。在晚清科举废除过程中,其作为社会文化重心的独特地位逐渐被动摇。随着民国时期新教育的不断扩张及新知识阶层离乡步伐的加速,乡村士绅出现了严重的侵蚀化现象。优秀分子的离开及乡村管理者的食利倾向使得士绅群体迅速劣质化,整个乡村政治处于破产和崩溃边缘。     

政治激情与30年代文学创作

源于1930年代特殊政治文化语境的作家的政治激情，导致了人们对文学审美的特殊的偏颇性的理解，导致了广大读者对文学的特殊接受和偏颇性的审美预期，也导致了作家对文学审美的特殊的偏颇性的选择。在一个“非常态”的政治语境下，要在文学中追求“常态”的表达，不仅难以做到，即使做到了，这样的作品也许很难获得最广大的读者。从政治文化心理支配下的文学表达这一独特的角度，可以使我们对30年代中国文学的审美风貌的形成根源，有更加深入的理解和认识。     

纯文学：1930年代文学发展的另一种可能性

1930年代中后期,较少政治倾向的纯文学十分繁荣,拥有大量的出版空间,在各个体裁领域均有丰硕成果.如果文学的外部环境保持稳定,纯文学完全有可能继续发展下去,成为文坛主流,但这种可能性因为抗战的发生而没有变为现实.对于这种可能性的揭示具有重要的文学史意义.     

Sustaining active-living communities over the decades: lessons from a 1930s Greenbelt town

Greendale, Wisconsin, was intentionally created with many of the design and planning principles that active-living advocates promote today. This case study examines the processes behind sustaining these particular planning and design principles over time in light of economic and regional challenges that have faced not just Greendale but most town centers over the last fifty years. Despite these challenges, the walkable nature of Greendale's center remains strong today, in terms of both activity and community identity. While many circumstances are specific to this particular town, useful lessons can be drawn for those new urbanist (NU) communities being developed in greenfields and suburbs today, many of which are strikingly similar to Greendale - relatively small, low density, and located within metropolitan areas. Greendale's success resulted from (1) attending to the retail/commercial product mix; (2) attracting nonresidents to use the community's retail and public space; and (3) capitalizing on community investment not simply from residents' organizing efforts but, more important in this case, from corporate community involvement by a Greendale business firm whose interests and values coincided with those of the community.     

30年代文学语言"口语化"运动与童话文体的发展

就1930年代思想潮流整体状况而言,是不利于童话文体的发展的,但当时的文学语言口语化运动却维持着童话的文体独立性,促进了童话文体的修辞建设,并影响着童话文体泛化的发展方向。对1930年代文学语言运动与童话文体的发展关系的揭示,有助于我们更好地理解文学语言变迁对于中国现代文学文体发生发展的决定性作用。     

论紧急救治权与医疗欠费的矛盾及其对策

紧急救治权是我国卫生法规定的公民在患病急危时，有得到医师紧急抢救的权利。而在当前却存在日益增多的急诊欠费与紧急救治权之间发生矛盾的案例，严重妨害了患者的紧急救治权。如果仅依靠追究医师的法律责任来解决该矛盾，只是治表之策，而建立急诊欠费的补偿机制才是根本对策。因此，应当通过社会建立急诊“绿色通道”会员制度，医院共同参与建立“医疗欠费共担基金”，政府建立紧急救治欠费补偿基金，聘请律师对恶意欠费依法追缴等对策保障患者紧急救治权。     

Alternatives to punishment beatings and shootings in a Loyalist community in Belfast

The author is a former Loyalist prisoner who recently carried out a piece of research in the Loyalist community of the Greater Shankill District of Belfast. That research was designed to explore with a range of community activists (including Loyalist paramilitaries) the potential for an alternative strategy to the current system of punishment beatings and shootings. The author argues that this can only be achieved by distinguishing between the types of activities that attract the attention of Loyalist paramilitaries and focusing intervention only upon those areas where it may readistically have an effect, i.e. that matter relating to the internal discipline of Loyalist paramilitary members and disputes between groupings relating to drugs will by necessity fall outside any potential intervention. He goes on to offer the outline of a programme designed as an alternative to punishment beatings which could prove to be effective within those parameters despite the acknowledged difficulties.     

民国时期钱业习惯法与国家法的冲突——以三十年代银行立法为视角

上世纪三十年代我国加强了银行立法,以实现金融垄断。1931年《银行法》是其颁布的第一部银行法,对银行设立条件、资本额、监管体制等均采取严格主义,有一定进步性。但为将钱庄纳入垄断金融体系,该法以许多规定否定钱业习惯法,以打击其势力,体现了法律规则与习惯规则调整社会秩序的不同效力,也是阶级利益冲突在法律上的反映。从钱业习惯法与银行法的冲突,可见习惯法有其存在的合理性,能弥补国家法的缺陷,实现社会法律多元化。     

The Roma in Bulgaria’ s Criminal Justice System: From Ethnic Profiling to Imprisonment

This paper examines the use of ethnic-specific crime data by law enforcement authorities as an instrument to formulate policies. The focus is on Bulgaria – one of the few East European countries whose criminal justice system keeps data on ethnicity – and the country’s Roma population. During the 1990s, Bulgaria’ s deep economic and social crisis impacted significantly on Bulgaria’ s Roma minority and, arguably, led to an increase in crime rates amongst the Roma. To date, however, the Bulgarian government has failed to adequately address this situation. The main argument that this paper puts forward is that over-policing of the Roma minority is a consequence of lack of adequate data on the Roma’ s involvement in crime, coupled with a crime-fighting strategy that is largely based on ethnic prejudice. As a result, a disproportionate number of Roma end-up in prisons or in long-term detention. Former inmates, in turn, influence their communities and establish a ‘revolving cycle’ of crime and social marginalisation, which is manifested in an increasing critical mass of the Roma male population in the criminal justice system.     

从统一到一体：专利制度国际化进程及其发展趋势研究

近年来,发达国家积极推进专利制度国际化,进行TRIPS协调、<专利法条约>(PLT)协调与<实质性专利法>(SPLT)协调,统一各国专利制度各项内容(统一化进程);进行PCT制度及其改革、相互利用和承认审查结果的协调,以促使各国共享申请、审查、授权、无效程序及其法律结果(一体化进程).在SPLT协调完成之后,专利制度国际化重点将集中在一体化授权的制度协调,最终可能会出现"全球专利制度".对此,我国应妥善加以应对.     

From the Halls of Congress to K Street: Government Experience and its Value for Lobbying

Lobbying presents an attractive postcongressional career, with some former congressional members and staffers transitioning to lucrative lobbying careers. Precisely why congressional experience is valued is a matter of ongoing debate. Building on research positing a relationship between political uncertainty and demand for lobbyists, we examine conditions under which lobbyists with past congressional experience prove most valuable. To assess lobbyist earnings, we develop a new measure, Lobbyist Value Added, that reflects the marginal contribution of each lobbyist on a contract, and show that previous measures understate the value of high‐performing lobbyists. We find that former staffers earn revenues above their peers during times of uncertainty, and former members of Congress generate higher revenue overall, which we identify by comparing revenues generated by individuals who narrowly won election to those who narrowly lost. These findings help characterize when lobbyists with different skillsets prove most valuable and the value added by government experience.     

商标权与商号权的权利冲突及解决途径

作为商业识别标记，商标与商号不仅用以区别商事主体和商品来源，而且还承载商事主体享有的商业信誉、商品的质量承诺。商标与商号本身具有的宣传和促销功能在激烈的市场竞争中所发挥的效用更是不可低估。随着市场经济发展和竞争加剧，企业为了争夺市场、扩大影响导致了商标权与商号权的权利冲突不断发生且有加剧之势。因此，如何完善商标、商号立法及相互间的协调，寻求商标权与商号权权利冲突……     

价值冲突的权衡与选择——论卧底侦查

随着毒品犯罪、有组织犯罪和恐怖犯罪等的增长以及由于这类犯罪自身的隐蔽性、组织性,卧底侦查作为一种特殊的秘密侦查手段,在实践中得到了越来越多的运用并备受关注。然而,由于立法上的诸多空白,这一领域的很多问题尚在研究之列。在探索中,我们发现多重价值的冲突问题尤为突出。如何在冲突中求得协调和平衡?我们需要在思维调整和制度建设两方面予以努力。     

Finding hidden value through mixed-methodology: Lessons From the Discovery Program’s Holistic Approach to Truancy Abatement

Policy makers often bemoan the shortcomings and inefficiency of youth development and similar social work programs whose effectiveness cannot be demonstrated by quantifiable performance indicators. This study argues, through illustration of the Odyssey Learning Center’s Discovery Program (an alternative school serving rural Southern youth in an abject poverty context), that program value can only be evidenced through a mixed-methodological evaluation design. Reasons precluding traditional statistical analysis and effectiveness determinations are discussed and alternative conceptualizations of program value are considered. This research was funded from Federal Grant Number 2002-JE-FX-0034 from the United States Department of Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention through the South Carolina Department of Public Safety, Office of Justice Programs. Points of view or opinions stated are those of the researchers and do not necessarily represent the opinion or official position of the United States Department of Justice or the South Carolina Department of Public Safety.     

民国时期的大学新闻教育办学模式比较研究——以1930—1940年代燕京、复旦、政校新闻系为例

1930—1940年代,以燕京大学、复旦大学和中央政治学校新闻教育为代表的中国大学新闻教育在模仿西方尤其是密苏里新闻教育办学模式的基础上,通过不断实践创造出了符合各校自身发展实际,因应时代、社会和国家要求的不同办学模式。本文以这一时期上述三所大学新闻系为例,通过比较研究不同模式的办学宗旨与目标、课程设置、教师选择、培养成果,揭示民国时期大学新闻教育不同办学模式带给我们的共同启示。     

Postmodern criminology in relation to radical and conflict criminology

The literature on postmodern criminology suggests that there is some relationship between it and radical criminology. This relationship apparently is based in part on the ract that both are further related to conflict theory. However, conceptual analyses on these types of theories have not fully explicated whatever similarities and differences exist among them. This essay identifies six core theoretical assertions in conflict criminology and compares them to parallel assertions in radical and postmodern criminology. Such comparison is followed by a discussion on the relevance of conflict and radical theory as conceptual backdrops from which to comprehend postmodern inquiry.     

领导发展：理论溯源与途径探析

发展是社会永恒不变的主题,领导理论与实践的发展是建设政治文明的重要组成部分。从领导发展的理论溯源、理论架构、内容、途径以及可持续发展等方面进行具体分析与研究,对领导科学的完善以及领导管理科学化具有重要的意义。