Genetic enhancement technologies and the new society

So long as procreation continues to remain a central driving force in a marital relationship, and the family the very core of progressive society, efforts will be undertaken to expand the period of fecundity and combat infertility. Genetic planning and eugenic programming are more rational and humane alternatives to population regulation than death by famine and war. Genetic enhancement technologies and the scientific research undertaken to advance them should be viewed as not only aiding (or, sometimes resolving) the tragedy of infertility in family planning, but as a tool for enhancing the health of a Nation's citizens by engineering man's genetic weaknesses out of the line of inheritance. Put simply, healthier and genetically sound individuals have a much better opportunity for pursuing and achieving the "good life" and making a significant contribution to society's greater well being.     

Public health law in the new century

Public health law is a broad and sometimes nebulous field which has undergone extensive reform and rethinking over the past decade. This article provides a survey of current issues in public health law, highlighting these reforms and the potential for public health legislation to deal with upcoming threats, notably bioterrorism. While recognising the anxieties bioterrorism brings, public health responses must be grounded in a coherent philosophy of risk management. Its administrators must also be aware that large-scale threats to public health are not unprecedented and that past experience can provide an important guide for future strategies.     

Biotechnology and relevant aspects of the New Biosafety law]

On 24 March 2005, the President of the Federative Republic of Brazil approved the New Law on Biosecurity. This law has very diverse aspects, ranging from the genetically modified organisms to the genetic manipulation of human embryos or the liberalisation of the transgenic soy crops during 2004-2005. This article tries to analyse and criticise the content of the law, highlighting the genetic research and experimentation, the GMOs and their effect in the environment and the criminal responsibility derived from such actions. Likewise, it leaves rooms for the reader to reach his/her own conclusions. The author poses the moral dilemma on whether it is legitimate to make governmental decisions solely taking into account the economic and political interests, leaving aside the opinion of society.     

21世纪中国法官的新理念

依法治国要求司法现代化,而司法现代化则需要通过司法改革来实现,司法改革包括司法观念和司法制度的变革,其中,制度的建构和顺畅离不开司法理念的先行和共识.从这个意义上讲,司法现代化必然要求法官角色的转换和法官形象的重塑.因此,从司法价值理念的角度来探讨和认识21世纪中国法官这一职业群体在完成角色转换过程中所应具备的基本属性,就显得尤为重要.     

The new chain gang: Corrections in the next century

This article examines the operations and excesses of the correctional chain gang as a group of prisoners working outside a penal facility under armed correctional supervision and wearing chains or other restraining devices to prevent escape. We detail the operations and excesses of earlier chain gangs, identifying variables that contributed to the contemporary phase that emerged in 1995. Predicated on vengeance, retributive justice, and punitiveness, the chain gang represents yet another devolving standard of human decency in correctional policies. Future scenarios are explored.     

新世纪党的建设的伟大纲领－－学习江泽民同志“七一”《讲话》

江泽民同志"七一"<讲话>是新世纪党的建设的伟大纲领.我们要正确领会"三个代表"的科学内涵,深刻认识三个代表的重大意义.     

The new surveillance: Electronic technologies and the maximum security society

Conclusion Gary Marx' Undercover provides a fine basis for fuller sociological analysis of electronic surveillance in the late twentieth century. He is correct that new technology is implicated in a new surveillance, although the interplay between social and technological factors must constantly be in view. Above all it is computers, or, more properly, computers-plus-telecommunications that facilitate the new surveillance. They do so by allowing for the creation of novel categories of personal data, seen especially at present in computer matching. But they may also be enabling anather new departure, the integration of moments of surveillance once the province of quite distinct social institutions.The threat of a maximum security society emerging within the very liberal democratic contexts that cherish (above all economic) liberties is a reality. But fresh social analysis is called for, as the popularly-used and illuminative panoptic concept suffers from a number of basic flaws, and because we have yet to connect satisfactorily the equally pertinent themes of privacy and freedom. Modern social control seems to utilize several different disciplines, often acting in concert but in complex ways. The fact that some of the most potent arise in situations as apparently innocent as buying a restaurant meal with a credit card should not lull us into thinking that they are any less worrisome than certain undercover police tactics.     

论安塞尔新社会防卫思想的理论内核

作为当代重要的刑法思想,安塞尔新社会防卫思想对传统的刑法理论进行了调和,并以独特的视角对相关刑法理论进行了论证,本文全面探析了安塞尔新社会防卫思想的重要理论内核,使其具备完整的理论基础。     

Three-dimensional cranio-facial reconstruction in forensic identification: latest progress and new tendencies in the 21st century

Three-dimensional (3D) cranio-facial reconstruction can be useful in the identification of an unknown body. The progress in computer science and the improvement of medical imaging technologies during recent years had significant repercussions on this domain. New facial soft tissue depth data for children and adults have been obtained using ultrasound, CT-scans and radiographies. New guidelines for facial feature properties such as nose projection, eye protrusion or mouth width, have been suggested, but also older theories and "rules of thumbs" have been critically evaluated based on digital technology. New fast, flexible and objective 3D reconstruction computer programs are in full development. The research on craniofacial reconstruction since the beginning of the 21st century is presented, highlighting computer-aided 3D facial reconstruction. Employing the newer technologies and permanently evaluating and (re)questioning the obtained results will hopefully lead to more accurate reconstructions.     

Dynamic systems simulation analysis: A planning tool for the new century

Dynamic systems simulation analysis is an analytical technique that allows for the modeling of complex, nonlinear systems. While this technique is currently not widely used in the social sciences or in criminal justice planning, the author argues that more attention should be given to these models in criminal justice. These models can be used in a variety of ways—to gain greater insight into processes of system change, to track the development of specific system populations (e.g., drug offenders, elderly offenders), and to estimate projected system growth and change over a variety of legislative and policy scenarios—making them useful tools for theoretical development and policy evaluation, as well as more pragmatic considerations such as program, facilities, and overall system planning. An overview of the methodology and some examples of analyses are presented.