共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The purpose of this study was two-pronged: 1) to determine the level of concordance (agreement) between multiple records abstractors who extracted defined data elements from printed medical examiner/coroner (ME/C) death investigation records; and 2) to identify data items for which improved reporting could facilitate the effective use of ME/C reports and data. Four hundred ninety four printed death investigation records were obtained from 224 medical examiner/coroner offices throughout the United States. Trained abstractors were asked to extract information for 110 data elements from investigative reports. Additional data elements for each toxicology workup were abstracted from toxicology laboratory reports and six-digit AIS codes were also abstracted for each injury as described in autopsy reports. The ability of multiple abstractors to identify each data element and identically abstract the data was assessed using Kappa statistical methods. Level of agreement for many data elements was very good (>0.9), but for some data elements agreement was marginal to poor, especially for items related to toxicology, the nature of specific injuries, and dates, times of the occurrence of death and injury. Many data items can be easily abstracted from ME/C records. However, some data items seem difficult to abstract reliably in all cases. Standardizing the report formats used by ME/Cs and/or standardizing the electronic storage of ME/C data would make the abstraction of such data easier and improve the usefulness of ME/C data. 相似文献
2.
Hanzlick R 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》2007,28(4):279-283
Coroner and medical examiner systems in the United States conduct death investigations for most deaths that are sudden and unexplained, or which involve external causes such as injury and poisoning. They play a very important role in the criminal justice, public health, public safety, and medical communities, and they also contribute a substantial portion of autopsy-based mortality data to the state and federal mortality statistics systems. Death investigations often involve complex medical issues and necessarily require the involvement of appropriately trained physicians. Over the years, there has been a trend to replace the elected lay coroner systems with systems run by appointed, physician medical examiners. Presently, about 31% of counties in the United States are served by a medical examiners at the county, district, or state level. Between 1960 and 1989, there was considerable conversion to medical examiner systems, but this trend slowed in the 1990s. Since 2000, only 6 counties in the United States have converted to a medical examiner system, no states have converted since 1996, and 1 county has reverted to a sheriff-coroner system. Possible reasons for this decline are discussed, including legislative, political, geographical, financial, population-based, and physician manpower distribution factors. It is important to ensure that all death investigation systems have appropriate access to medically educated and trained physicians such as forensic pathologists. 相似文献
3.
W D Haglund D G Reichert D T Reay 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》1990,11(1):35-43
The Green River Murder Investigation in King County, Washington, is currently the longest active serial murder investigation in U.S. history. During its course, over 26 separate scenes with from one to five victims each have been processed. The experience of the authors is presented in order to acquaint other agencies with techniques of outdoor scene processing that have evolved during recovery of remains from Green River and other skeletal cases. 相似文献
4.
5.
《Forensic science international》1996,82(1):99-108
Shoeprint and toolmark examinations have been carried out for forensic purposes for a great number of years. According to literature, the first case of footwear identification dates back to the year 1786. This particular case was worked out by a local police constable. Who then, are the persons working in crime laboratories and specialising in shoeprint and toolmark examinations today? Are they responsible for some other kind of duties, and if ‘yes’, what kind of duties? To find answers to these questions, a questionnaire was prepared and sent to 78 forensic laboratories, 62 laboratories in 27 European countries and 16 laboratories in six countries outside Europe. Forty-three laboratories (55%) in 23 countries; 35 laboratories in 19 European countries and eight laboratories in four countries outside Europe returned the questionnaire. The conducted study shows that the shoeprint and toolmark examiners are performing a great variety of tasks besides shoeprint and toolmark examinations, and also that the tasks vary a lot from one laboratory to another. 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
《Federal register》1980,45(234):80186-80189
In accordance with the requirements of the Privacy Act, the Public Health Service (PHS) is publishing notice of a proposal to adopt a new system of records. "Clinical Research: Records of Subjects in Intramural Research, Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry Studies on Aging." DHHS/NIH/NIA, 09-25-0142. These records will be used to accomplish scientific research conducted by intramural scientists employed by the National Institute on Aging (NIA), and by hospitals, universities, research centers and research foundation under contract with NIA. These research activities aim at determining the health status of individuals and changes in health status over time, the incidence and prevalence of certain diseases and problems of the aged in certain populations, and changes that take place as the individuals age who are under study. 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
Greely HT 《Wake Forest law review》1999,34(3):737-766
The legal and ethical issues raised by new research uses of previously collected human tissues and health information are increasingly important to genetics research. This Article discusses and criticizes current positions on such uses, including the recent report of the National Bioethics Advisory Commission, Research Involving Human Biological Materials. It then proposes a new regulatory framework for tissue and information collected in the future that would better protect the interests of the people who provide them. It ends by suggesting a resolution for the problems of previously collected tissue and information. 相似文献
15.
16.
Wadlington WJ 《Law and contemporary problems》1991,54(1-2):Spring 199-Spring 223
17.
18.
19.