The Energy System and Economic Imbalances in the USSR

This article examines the severe structural and geograpic imbalances imposed on the Soviet economy by the demands and priorities of the energy complex; it also deals with imbalances manifest within the energy system itself. The feasibilities of policy change and prospect for success in energy conservation under Gorbachev are briefly assessed. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: 052, 124, 723.     

Restructuring the Mechanism of Foreign Economic Relations in the USSR

An up-to-date paper by the Deputy Chairman of the State Commission on Foreign Economic Relations, USSR Council of Ministers, details recent economic reforms in the foreign trade sector of the USSR. Particular emphasis is placed on direct business relations between Soviet enterprises and their foreign counterparts, and on joint ventures with CMEA partners as well as firms in Western and developing countries. Anticipated changes in the role exports and imports are to play in the Soviet economy are also discussed. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: 052, 124, 420.     

出国留学六十年若干问题的回顾与思考(1949-2009年)

本文概述了新中国成立60年来出国留学活动的大致规模及成效,分析和总结了60年来中国出国留学政策的演变,并在此基础上提出了60年留学活动的阶段分期,最后,文章对若干有争议的史实和值得商榷的说法进行了讨论.     

Population changes in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (1949-1984)

Population developments in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of China from 1948 to 1984 are analyzed. Comparisons are made with China as a whole to illustrate the region's unique demographic characteristics. Large-scale migration from elsewhere in China has affected the region's spatial distribution, ethnic composition, and urbanization levels. The author also notes differences in demographic trends among the region's minority nationalities.     

试析1949年至1950年间印尼保守华人群体的动摇与分化

新中国的成立,特别是中国印尼邦交关系的建立,对印尼华人社会产生了重要影响.是否顺应这一历史发展潮流成为划分印尼华人社会中进步与保守群体的标准.受中国印尼局势发展的影响,印尼华人社会中的保守华人群体出现了动摇和分化.不过,在中国印尼建交前后的一段时期内,印尼国内外的复杂因素亦影响了保守华人群体所发生的这种转变.     

马丁·布朗芬布伦纳与战后日本经济的重建（1949年-1952年）

美国经济学家马丁·布朗芬布伦纳对日本经济颇有研究,并深入参与了战后日本经济的重建工作。他极力支持＂道奇路线＂的紧缩政策,为解决冲绳货币问题提出了政策建议,在夏普税制使节团和联合国亚洲远东经济委员会中发挥了重要作用。本文参考其论文与自传,并结合其学习和工作经历,力图概括指出马丁.布朗芬布伦纳对战后日本经济发展的思考及其所作出的贡献。     

Price Reform in the USSR: Comment on Shmelev

An apparent shift and rethinking of earlier views on prices by one of perestroyka's most outspoken and visible architects prompts an analysis by a leading American specialist in the field. Problems of the three main components of the Soviet price system, namely industrial producer prices, agricultural producer prices, and state retail prices, are examined. Proposals and official plans for changes in the price system are discussed. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: 027, 052, 124, 227.     

Secret Intelligence And Escape Clauses: Australia and the Indonesian Annexation of East Timor, 1963-76

In September 2000 the Australian government declassified thousands of pages of documents concerning the Indonesian invasion and annexation of East Timor in 1975. Some 68,000 pages of documents were released. About 2,600 pages of diplomatic documents were withheld, along with Cabinet papers, intelligence materials, and Defence Department records. The documents cover only the period from early 1974 to mid-1976 and do not document the Indonesian war and its human costs. What they do document is the process whereby Australia acquiesced in the Indonesian annexation of East Timor. Above all, they show that secret briefings by the Indonesians kept the Australian government closely informed of Indonesian intentions and operations at every step. In the light of these secret briefings and related documents, it is clear that Prime Minister Gough Whitlam's claim that he wanted to see a “genuine act of self-determination” by the East Timorese is and always was hollow. This was a fig leaf covering his desire to see East Timor incorporated into Indonesia as West Papua had been in the 1960s. Its patina of moral responsibility and legal respectability were his alibi or, as Richard Woolcott put it in late 1974, “escape clause,” if and when Indonesian actions led to accusations of Australian complicity with Jakarta. Mr. Whitlam was complicit. The record is clear.     

论1929-1933年经济危机对苏美关系的影响

1929-1933年爆发的经济危机迅速由美国影响到整个资本主义世界,使美国及世界经济遭受重创.这对世界局势产生了重要的影响,并且也改变了美国的国内和国际环境.而苏联经济却在此期间取得较快的发展,在世界经济中的地位也得到了提升.苏美两国面对经济危机的局势以及世界政治局势的变化,开始在摩擦中寻求改善两国关系的途径以应对变化了的国内外形势,最终两国在隔绝了16年之后确立了正常的国家关系.     

一部通用于中国-欧盟关系领域的杰作——评F·斯奈德编著的《欧洲联盟与中国,1949-2008:基本文件与评注》

This article makes a review on The European Union and China,1949-2008:Basic Documents and Commentary by Prof. Francis Snyder,a book published at the coming of the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China and of the 35th anniversary of the EU-China diplomatic relationships. It is a comprehensive reference book and commentary on basic documents about the EU-China relationships since 1949,including both documents originally published in English and English translations of documents pr...     

Attitudes towards German Immigration in South Australia in the post-Second World War Period, 1947-60

Considering the reaction against Germans in Australia during and after the First World War, it is surprising that German immigration to Australia was permitted again soon after the Second World War and even subsidised by the Australian government. Just seven years after the second war fought with Germany within a generation, Australia signed a five-year agreement to permit Germans to immigrate. This article examines the extent of the Australian public's acceptance of this policy during the period from 1947 to 1960. It concentrates on the state of South Australia where some of the earliest settlers in the colony had been of German origin, where their behaviour and achievements had been praised in historical writings about the colony, and where German immigrants may, therefore, have been viewed more positively. Yet there was some suspicion towards and discrimination against Germans in South Australia after 1945. Negative stereotypes of Germans were apparent in comments made by politicians and in press reports. However, these fears were minor and faded even further when more Germans arrived in Australia.     

China's industrial revolution: Politics,planning and management, 1949 to the present,by Stephen Andors

Abstract

The study of Chinese industrial development has come a long way since the 1969 publication of Barry Richman's Industrial Society in Communist China (New York: Random House, 1969). Richman recognized that China had begun to “organize conscientiously and vigorously for industrial progress since the beginning of the 1950's.” Unlike some of his predecessors, he did not explain China's industrial growth in terms of mass coercion or swarms of “blue ants” instead, he warned the reader that “in order to understand more fully how Chinese management and Chinese organization function, it is essential to have an understanding of Chinese ideology.” His examples of the use of ideology-e.g., the study of Mao's On Contradiction to help resolve a problem of cost vs. quality in bicycle production-were refreshingly concrete and useful.     

民国南洋学的几种话语(1912—1949)

民国时期,南洋学兴起,出现并形成了几种较为典型的学术话语,这些看似多样松散的南洋话语,其实都拘束于"中国与南洋"的视野之中,具有为我所用的临时性与策略性。二战后,这种南洋学及其背后的某些观念遭遇了挑战,其得失对我们今天从事东南亚研究仍有借鉴意义。     

Prospects for Change in the Systems of Price Formation,Finance and Credit in the USSR

The Chairman of the Interdepartmental Council on Problems of Price Formation of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and Goskomtsen discusses prospects for change in the pricing and credit policies of the USSR. Distortions in current price levels, the need and objectives for the restructuring of the system and links between the price and financial reforms are explained. Strategies for change are to include price formation from marginal prices and modification of wholesale prices to encourage high technology. Specific proposals are advanced, in particular those pertaining to stabilization of prices, circulation of money and reorganization of the bank credit system. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: 027, 052, 124, 227.     

俄罗斯推行经济外交与新世纪的中俄关系

本文认为当前俄罗斯外交战略最突出的特点是推行经济外交,从这个研究视角出发,作者叙述了俄罗斯推行经济外交的具体措施,分析了中国在俄罗斯经济外交中所处的地位,对“中俄经济合作关系滞后论”、“滞后的经济合作关系必然影响中俄整体合作关系”的观点提出了质疑,认为目前中俄贸易合作关系与俄罗斯其他贸易伙伴相比并不滞后,真正滞后的是两国的相互投资合作,目前两国的经济合作水平不足以影响中俄关系良好的发展。