Keeping tabs on the TTAB

TTABlog By John L. Welch Archived back to November 2004, USAhttp://www.thettablog.blogspot.com   John L. Welch, an attorney at Foley Hoag LLP, has an excellentblog focusing on the procedures and decisions of the UnitedStates Patent and Trademark Office's (USPTO) Trademark Trialand Appeal Board (TTAB, or Board).     

Infant formula record and record retention requirements--FDA. Final rule

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is amending its infant formula regulations with respect to records, and retention of records, that relate to various subjects, including, but not limited to, microbiological and nutrient testing, manufacturers' audits, and consumer complaints. This action is in response to the 1986 infant formula amendments to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the act). The amended regulations will help ensure a safe, wholesale, and sanitary sole source of nutrition for infants.     

护患纠纷的防范

护患纠纷是医疗纠纷中的一种重要形式 ,在日常医疗活动中常有发生 ,但尚未引起人们足够的重视。相对于一般的医疗纠纷而言 ,护患纠纷有其特殊性 ,认清其本质 ,分析其成因 ,对护患纠纷的防范非常有益。护理人员在工作中应提高工作责任心 ,提高业务技能 ,尽到充分注意和知情告知的义务 ,最大限度地避免护患纠纷的发生。     

Keeping Revitalized Urban Neighborhoods Affordable

Abstract

Last May, George Jackson Jr., the president and CEO of the Detroit Economic Corporation, gave a warm embrace to gentrification at a forum on Detroit's future, telling the audience, “I'm sorry, but, I mean, bring it on. We can't just be a poor city and prosper." Jackson's remarks echo the views held by many residents of struggling postindustrial cities where the exodus of manufacturing jobs in tandem with suburbanization has resulted in cities hollowed out not only of their people but also their tax base. The Great Recession only intensified the economic decline of these once‐booming production centers, leaving in its trail an ever‐growing number of distressed buildings left tax delinquent, foreclosed, and abandoned. In the climate of this level of devastation, more affordable housing is often seen not only as unnecessary but counterproductive to a city's fate. Advocates of gentrification instead charge that the keys to revitalization are in attracting affluent urban professionals, incentivizing new businesses, and upgrading the public realm. Under this theory, housing affordability might be an issue in hot real estate markets like New York and San Francisco, but struggling cities like Detroit are deemed to already have too much affordable housing.     

护患纠纷的防范

护患纠纷是医疗纠纷中的一种重要形式,在日常医疗活动中常有发生,但尚未引起人们足够的重视.相对于一般的医疗纠纷而言,护患纠纷有其特殊性,认清其本质,分析其成因,对护患纠纷的防范非常有益.护理人员在工作中应提高工作责任心,提高业务技能 ,尽到充分注意和知情告知的义务,最大限度地避免护患纠纷的发生.     

Keeping Up with the Joneses Affects Perceptions of Distributive Justice

An experimental field study investigated why people of higher social standing might jump to the conclusion that an injustice has occurred when an authority implements a program that benefits some constituents but not others. High-status individuals are uniquely vulnerable to downward mobility, especially in the event that a situation does not benefit them, but does benefit their high-status peers. In our study, students in a university course were asked to judge a bonus program by which the grades for some would increase and the grades for others would remain the same. Two framing conditions were used, each providing an example in which only one of two students would benefit from the program. In the peer-gets-ahead condition, the two students were of equal status before the program acted to differentiate them, and in the inferior-catches-up condition, the two students differed in status before the program acted to equate them. A majority of students responded favorably to the program, although this number was affected strongly by framing, with almost unanimous approval in the inferior-catches-up condition and comparatively modest approval in the peer-gets-ahead condition. Objections in the latter condition were most frequent among high-status students, who were implicitly uncomfortable with the possibility that their status could decrease relative to some of their high-status peers. Explicitly, their objections used the language of social injustice, especially claims of distributive unfairness. We argue that these perceptions of injustice are a cognitive manifestation of an aversion to any situation that could result in downward mobility.     

对法院鉴定技术员保留论之反思

在司法鉴定制度改革的讨论中,学界有部分观点对法院保留鉴定技术人员予以支持,但这种观点有很大局限性。既要取消法院鉴定机构,又要对鉴定人员做好疏导工作,“堵”、“疏”结合在改革的过程中同等重要。     

Instructions for the complete preparation of the larynx

A method of preparing the larynx in forensic cases is described especially when death occurs by strangulation (manually or using some form of ligature). After the usual dissection of the hyoid bone and the upper horns of the thyroid cartilage, the complete larynx is clipped and fixed in formaldehyde overnight. The first part of dissection after that is to cut away the thyroid gland and the remaining muscles in front of the larynx, except for the cricothyroid muscle and the esophagus and hypopharynx from the back of the larynx. The complete thyroid cartilage is dissected out, and then a horizontal cut is made through the cricoid cartilage. Median-sagittal halving of the remaining larynx completes the gross dissection. Arytenoid cartilages are exposed by dissection of the arytenoid muscles and opening the cricoarytenoid joints. Now all parts of the laryngeal skeleton and all articulations are examined, and all muscles and soft tissues are visible and can be clipped for histological examination.     

Keeping the pieces together: comparison of mass grave excavation methodology

Mass graves are a complex and confusing mix of bodies, body parts, soils, artifacts, and other feature evidence. Forensic investigations of these complex crime scenes should attempt to maximize the collection of evidence, which includes the mortal remains, in their best possible condition as they were deposited within the graves. Two standard methods of mass grave excavation were examined with the aim of identifying the better approach. Two experienced teams using different methodologies excavated two separate but very comparable mass graves located in the same area. Single disarticulated skeletal elements not associated with a body at the time of removal from the grave were categorized and their counts analyzed to evaluate the efficiency of the differing excavation methodologies. The methodologies used were the 'pedestal' method, which focuses on the body mass, and the 'stratigraphic' method, in which the grave feature and contents are conjointly excavated. The first grave (Grave A), excavated using the 'pedestal' method, was observed to have a disproportionately larger amount of unassociated bones than did the second (Grave B), which used the 'stratigraphic' method. Chi-square (chi2) goodness-of-fit and contingency tests were performed on the total numbers of recorded elements and different categorical groups of bones, based on size and shape, in each grave. Results demonstrate that significantly greater numbers of unassociated elements resulted from the excavation of Grave A using the pedestal method, both in total number of disarticulated bones as well as within 'large' and 'medium' categories. Conversely 'small' skeletal elements were recovered at a higher rate in Grave B. The lower 'large' and 'medium' bone production rates from Grave B indicate that the stratigraphic method better maintained the provenience and articulation of remains than did Grave A, while the higher 'small' bone recovery rate may point to better recovery techniques of Grave B's excavation team.     

CMD命令执行记录调查方法研究

作为计算机犯罪侦查中重要的证据与线索来源,CMD命令执行记录在揭示犯罪分子行为细节方面发挥着重要作用。本文在详细分析CMD命令执行记录于内存中的数据存储结构基础上,着重说明基于Win-dows操作系统内存转储文件的历史记录重建方法,并对过程中涉及到的具体技术与注意事项予以阐述。     

论毒品犯罪侦查中的控制下交付手段

控制下交付是目前国际社会普遍认同的,在打击跨国、跨地区毒品犯罪中发挥重要作用的侦查手段,具有隐蔽性、合法性等特点。近几年我国侦查机关运用该手段取得了较好的成效。但运用控制下交付必须遵循一定的实施原则,并注意与此相关的法律问题。