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1.
To date, there is no literature specifically addressing the relationship between spousal battering and emotional intelligence, a concept that captures the success, or lack thereof, of a person's functioning in their immediate environment. Forty-four men convicted of spousal assault and 76 undergraduate students completed the Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i; R. Bar-On, BarOn Emotional Quotient Inventory: User's Manual, Multi-Health Systems, Inc., Toronto, 1997), the Propensity for Abusiveness Scale (PAS; D. G. Dutton, J. Fam. Violence 10(2): 203–221, 1995), and the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (D. Paulhus, J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 46: 598–609, 1984; Assessing Self-Deception and Impression Management in Self-Reports: The Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding, Unpublished manual, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, 1988; In Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 17–59, 1991). Results of this exploratory study indicate that batterers score significantly lower than the general population on all components of EQ-i. Additionally EQ-i total and subscale scores for both samples correlate negatively and significantly with scores on PAS, suggesting that deficits in various components of emotional intelligence are related to an increase in the propensity to be abusive. Implications for batterer treatment are discussed. 相似文献
2.
Using data obtained from women’s shelter residents, male and female students, and male prisoners, this study investigated
the association between non-violent controlling behaviors, physical aggression, and violence towards a spouse (N = 264). It was predicted that only men and women involved in intimate terrorism (Johnson, Violence Against Women, 11(12):1003–1018, 2006) would use controlling aggression, and that physical aggression used by those involved in situational couple violence would
be unrelated to controlling behavior. Contrary to predictions derived from Johnson’s theory, regression analysis showed that
control accounted significant proportions of the variance in the use of physical aggression for all three relationship categories.
Some support was provided, however, as it was found that the pattern of both interrelationships of the five types of controlling
behaviors, and control and physical aggression, supported Johnson’s distinction. 相似文献
3.
Donald G. Dutton Monica A. Landolt Andrew Starzomski Mark Bodnarchuk 《Journal of family violence》2001,16(1):59-73
The Propensity for Abusiveness Scale (PAS; Dutton, 1995) was designed as a self-report perpetrator profile for intimate abusiveness. It was empirically validated through reports of abuse by intimate partners. The original PAS (Dutton, 1995) was given to 144 men in treatment for partner abuse and 44 demographically matched controls. It correlated significantly with partner reports of abusiveness and correctly classified men 82.2% of the time, as one standard deviation above or below the mean partners' report score for abusiveness. In the present study, the PAS was given to clinical outpatients, gay males, male college students, and a group of spousal assaulters. A criterion measure for abusiveness (the Psychological Maltreatment of Women Inventory; Tolman 1989, or the Psychological Maltreatment Inventory; Kasian & Painter, 1992) was collected from intimate partners. In all groups, the PAS correlated significantly with partners' reports of both physical and psychological abusiveness on subscales of the criterion measures: Dominance/Isolation and Emotional Abuse. For the college students and wife-assault groups, a new criterion measure was used: the Severity of Violence Against Women Scale. The PAS correlated significantly with partners' reports of threats and violence measured by this scale. The PAS appears to provide a nonreactive assessment instrument that is a strong predictor of intimate abusiveness across a variety of populations. 相似文献
4.
James E. Sutton Paul E. Bellair Brian R. Kowalski Ryan Light Donald T. Hutcherson 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2011,27(2):173-171
Data collection using the life event calendar method is growing, but reliability is not well established. We examine test–retest
reliability of monthly self-reports of criminal behavior collected using a life event calendar from a random sample of minimum
and medium security prisoners. Tabular analysis indicates substantial agreement between self-reports of drug dealing, property,
and violent crime during a baseline interview (test) and a follow-up (retest) approximately 3 weeks later. Hierarchical analysis
reveals that criminal activity reported during the initial test is strongly associated with responses given in the retest,
and that the relationship varies only by the lag in days between the initial interview and the retest. Analysis of validity
reveals that self-reported incarceration history is strongly predictive of official incarceration history although we were
unable to address whether subjects could correctly identify the months they were incarcerated. African Americans and older
subjects provide more valid responses but in practical terms the differences in validity are not large. 相似文献
5.
Suchey–Brooks method has been studied many times with varying reports of accuracy and reliability. A systematic review and meta-analyses were utilized to quantitatively determine the accuracy and reliability of the Suchey–Brooks (S-B) method. A systematic search of PubMed and EBSCO health and medical databases was performed. Meta-analyses were performed to quantify the relationship between actual known age at death and the S-B method using Spearman's Rho and Pearson's r for (1) combined males and females estimates, (2) male-only estimates, and (3) female-only estimates. Overall correlation coefficient using Cohen's kappa, Spearman's Rho, and Pearson's r was also calculated to determine the interrater and intrarater reliability using the S-B method. Eighteen studies classified as moderate-to-high methodological quality met the inclusion criteria. The sample sizes were different for the combined male and female (n = 2620), male-only (n = 2602), and female-only (n = 1431) meta-analyses. The effect size of the age at death meta-analyses was large and significant for combined males and females (Spearman's Rho = 0.62; Pearson's r = 0.65), male-only (Spearman's Rho = 0.77; Pearson's r = 0.75), and female-only (Spearman's Rho = 0.71; Pearson's r = 0.71). The overall correlation coefficients of the interrater (Kappa = 0.76; Spearman's Rho = 0.73; Pearson's r = 0.80) and intrarater (Kappa = 0.81; Spearman's Rho = 0.91; Pearson's r = 0.83) reliability meta-analyses were large and significant. A significant degree of heterogeneity was present in all meta-analyses, with minimal evidence of publication bias. The meta-analyses results suggest the S-B method is highly reliable with a moderate-to-high degree of accuracy. Our results also identified sample size and accuracy differences between male and female individuals. 相似文献
6.
This study extends Eckhardt et al. (Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66:259–269, 1998) research on cognitive correlates of anger arousal among intimate partner abusers (IPA; n = 130), distressed/nonviolent (DNV; n = 27), and satisfied/nonviolent men (SNV; n = 21) during a standardized anger induction task by examining variables thought to differentiate batterers. Variables pertinent
to the Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart (Psychological Bulletin, 116:476–497, 1994) typology—borderline and antisocial personality, psychopathy, general violence, and partner violence—were
correlated to articulated cognitive distortions. Since between group comparisons were not significant, articulated anger was
correlated with antisocial, borderline, and psychopathic features. Borderline personality features correlated positively with
articulations reflecting jealousy. Articulated themes were more consistently related to psychopathology than to violence,
suggesting that tailoring treatments to personality features of clients may prove fruitful. 相似文献
7.
The majority of current research on inappropriate relationships between correctional staff and inmates involves a qualitative
approach. This study sought to provide a quantitative analysis of these boundary violators by self-report data, which was
provided by male inmates in a southern prison system. Building upon research by Allen and Bosta (Games criminals play. Susanville, CA: Rae John Publishers, 1981) and Marquart et al. (Justice Quarterly 18:877–910, 2001) the inmates were divided
into two distinct categories: Inmates who indicated “No relationship”, and those inmates who were “boundary violators”. This
study examined the differences between these two categories utilizing demographic characteristics, custody level, and attitudes
and prison behavior. Significant differences were found in boundary violator attitudes about female correctional officers
and the behavior they exhibit in the presence of females. 相似文献
8.
The formation of a school, whether feminist, critical, Marxist or other involves the establishment of a doctrine – literally
a teaching – and a group of students or followers – the disciples who form the discipline. No doctrine without disciples has
been the history of the schools and the formative principle of academic movements. They exist in the end to convert their
students, old to young, male to female, female to male, or female to female, or any other possible combination of orientations.
And conversion implies orthodoxy, institutionalization and hierarchy or at least a relation to hieros and hierarchy. This paper examines these themes in terms of the specific example of feminist legal studies and a curious
recent discursive event, a polemical exchange on the identity of the movement, the face of feminist legal studies, as viewed
through a eulogy and a challenge to that praise.
Thanks to Richard Collier, Margaret Davies, Margaret Halliwell, Elena Loizidou, Desmond Manderson, Ngaire Naffine for correspondence,
for relevant discussions, and candid responses. Especial thanks to Thanos Zartaloudis for a peculiarly detailed and hospitable
reading, offered at a time when it would have been much easier, both just and more appropriate for him to say very little,
almost nothing. And emotive thanks as well to Linda Mills for her customary frankness and finely honed attention. 相似文献
9.
Wen-Hsu Lin 《Asian Journal of Criminology》2012,7(1):37-54
Agnew’s general strain theory (GST) [Agnew R (2001) Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 38:319–361; Agnew R (2006a) Pressured Into Crime: An Overview of General Strain Theory. LA:Roxbury] has been the focus of considerable academic attention and has become an important criminological theory [Cullen
et al. (2006) Taking Stock: The Status ofCriminological Theory. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction]. However, most previous empirical studies have employed Western samples (e.g., US sample)
to test this theory, which hinders the generalizability of GST. Although some studies have used Eastern samples to evaluate
GST, these studies are only cross-sectional, which makes drawing any causal relationship problematic, and a cross-sectional
study cannot uncover the more dynamic relationship between strain, negative emotion, and delinquency. Furthermore, depression
has become epidemic around the world [World Health Organization 2001, ) and many previous studies that test GST focus only on anger. This makes depression a crucial element in testing GST. The
present study uses longitudinal data (Taiwan Youth Project) and a latent growth model (LGM) to investigate strain, depression,
and delinquent acts among adolescents (12–15 years old). The results generally support GST propositions: both strain and depression
increase delinquency, and depression mediates the strain–delinquency relationship. Some cultural-specific influences were
also discovered. 相似文献
10.
Abstract The identification of offence-related cognition is a major target of most cognitive–behavioural treatment programmes for sexual offenders, and a number of measures are available for this purpose. This study assessed the psychometric properties of a brief measure of beliefs that support and justify child sexual abuse: the Sex With Children (SWCH) scale. Factor analysis revealed two distinct types of belief: that sex with children is harmless, and that children actively provoke adults into having sex with them. The SWCH was also found to have good internal consistency, test–retest reliability and concurrent validity. Child molesters scored significantly more highly on the SWCH than did rapists or non-offenders, and high-risk child molesters reported more entrenched offence-supportive beliefs than lower risk child molesters. A relationship was also observed between general offence-supportive beliefs as measured by SWCH and offence-specific cognitions ascribing responsibility or enjoyment to the offender's victim. The SWCH subscales appeared to closely match two of the implicit theories hypothesized by Ward and Keenan (1999) to be related to child molestation. Sex offender treatment providers need to be aware of the relationship between underlying implicit theories and offence-specific distorted cognitions about the victim's experience. 相似文献
11.
Jillian Panuzio Casey T. Taft Danielle A. Black Karestan C. Koenen Christopher M. Murphy 《Journal of family violence》2007,22(4):177-185
This study examined associations among male-to-female physical and psychological relationship aggression, female partners’
PTSD symptoms, and behavior problems among the children (n = 62) of men enrolled in a treatment program for relationship abuse perpetration. Psychological aggression was a stronger
predictor of child behavior problems than physical assault. Restrictive engulfment and hostile withdrawal behaviors evidenced
the strongest bivariate associations with child behavior problems, and were the strongest predictors of this outcome when
considering four distinct forms of psychological aggression together. Victim PTSD symptoms largely mediated the effects of
psychological aggression on child behavior. Findings suggest that male-to-female psychological aggression and victim PTSD
symptoms play an important role in understanding behavior problems among children living with male relationship abuse perpetrators.
Portions of this work were presented at the annual convention of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy,
New Orleans, Louisiana, November, 2004. 相似文献
12.
Laura E. Watkins Casey T. Taft Claire L. Hebenstreit Lynda A. King Daniel W. King 《Journal of family violence》2008,23(3):135-140
This study examined the impacts of intimate partner aggression by female Vietnam veterans and their male partners on their
children’s behavior problems (N = 100 children). Veteran and partner psychological distress were also examined as potential mediators of these relationships.
Results indicated that physical and psychological aggression perpetration by both the female veteran and the male partner
was associated with child behavior problems. Contrary to expectations, psychological distress in the veteran and partner was
not associated with child behavior problems and did not mediate the effects of physical and psychological aggression on this
outcome. 相似文献
13.
Sellbom M 《Law and human behavior》2011,35(6):440-451
The Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (LSRP) is a promising, efficient measure of the psychopathic personality. Previous
examinations of its latent structure have yielded inconsistent results; therefore, the goal of the current study was to evaluate
previously reported two- and three-factor models in three separate groups of male correctional inmates (n = 573), male college students (n = 202), and female college students (n = 200). Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the best-fitting model across all the three groups was the three-factor
model proposed by Brinkley et al. (Assessment 15:464–482, 2008). The convergent and discriminant validity of this three-factor structure as well as a revised 19-item total score were elaborated
on in terms of predicting scores on conceptually relevant external criteria. The LSRP total and factor scales evidenced good
convergent and discriminant validity with a few notable exceptions. Implications for theory and future research are discussed. 相似文献
14.
The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2) are widely used to measure intimate partner aggression. Various aspects of the
CTS2 and its subscales have been examined, e.g. factor structure, internal consistency, and validity, but little or no evidence
exists regarding the stability of the self-report of aggression on the CTS2 This study examines the stability of reports of
aggression against a partner on the CTS2 among 82 men court-mandated to a batterer intervention program. At both testing times
men reported on aggression occurring in the year prior to beginning treatment. Using variety scores, stability of report was
strong for psychological aggression (r = 0.69), physical assault (r = 0.76), injury (r = 0.70), and negotiation (r = 0.60), but weaker for sexual coercion (r = 0.30). Implications for the use of the CTS2 in court-mandated populations are discussed.
相似文献
K. Daniel O’LearyEmail: |
15.
Abstract: This study examined eight previously published ear prediction methods by Welcker, Gerasimov, Fedosyutkin and Nainys, and Broadbent and Mathews. Computed tomography scans of 78 living adults (n1) did not support any of these previously published recommendations. Free earlobes were found to accompany protruding supramastoid crests (Pearson’s χ² < 0.05); and ear length [l] and width [w] differed by sex (p < 0.05), correlated with age (r = 0.38[l]; 0.32[w]), and correlated with facial height (r = 0.37[l]; 0.30[w]). New regression equations (for ear length and width) were generated using these variables in several samples and, where possible, cross‐validated using independent data (n1 = 78, n2 = 2190, n3 = 1328, n4 = 1010, and n5 = 47). As a result of these analyses, four valid and tested methods for ear prediction were identified, but large degrees of error continue to make accurate prediction of the ear, from the skull, problematic. 相似文献
16.
Modecki KL 《Law and human behavior》2008,32(1):78-91
Over the past decade, a majority of states have legislated to expand their capacity to try adolescents as adults [Griffin
(2003). Trying and sentencing juveniles as adults: An analysis of state transfer and blended sentencing laws. Pittsburgh, PA: National Center for Juvenile Justice]. In response, researchers have investigated factors that may affect
adolescent culpability [Steinberg and Scott (Am Psychol 58(12):1009–1018, 2003)]. Research on immature judgment posits that psychosocial influences on adolescent decision processes results in reduced
criminal responsibility [Cauffman and Steinberg (Behav Sci Law 18(6):741–760, 2000); Scott, Reppucci, and Woolard (Law Hum Behav 19(3):221–244, 1995); Steinberg and Cauffman (Law Hum Behav 20(3):249–272, 1996)]. The current study utilizes hypothetical vignettes and standardized measures of maturity of judgment (responsibility, temperance,
and perspective) to examine gaps in previous maturity of judgment findings (Cauffman and Steinberg 2000). This work suggests that adolescents (ages 14–17) display less responsibility and perspective relative to college students
(ages 18–21), young-adults (ages 22–27), and adults (ages 28–40). Further, this research finds no maturity of judgment differences
between delinquent and non-delinquent youth, but does find significant maturity of judgment differences between high and low
delinquency male youth. Finally, results show that maturity of judgment predicts self-reported delinquency beyond the contributions
of age, gender, race, education level, SES, and antisocial decision making. Implications for the juvenile justice system are
discussed.
This research was conducted in partial fulfillment of the M.A degree in Psychology from the University of New Hampshire. 相似文献
17.
Personality disorder features have been an important basis of many batterer typologies (Babcock et al. J Fam Violence 15:391–409,
2000; Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart Psychol Bull 116:476–497, 1994), most notably Antisocial and Borderline Personality Disorders. Aggression that partner violent men commit has also been
found to be heterogeneous, motivated by the need to control (proactive) or enacted out of emotion (reactive). In the present
study, men who were physically abusive towards their female partner (N = 124 couples) were administered the SCID-II diagnostic interview for Antisocial (ASPD) and Borderline Personality Disorder
(BPD). It was hypothesized that partner violent men diagnosed with ASPD would show highest levels of proactive violence whereas
men diagnosed with BPD (alone or comorbidly with ASPD) were expected to be reactively violent. Results suggest that violence
perpetrated by men with different personality disorders differs in its function. Within the context of intimate relationships,
BPD/comorbid men appear to use violence more reactively, while ASPD men tend to use violence both proactively and reactively.
Implications for treatment are discussed.
相似文献
Julia C. BabcockEmail: |
18.
James H. Derzon 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2010,6(3):263-292
Family features and characteristics are often identified as central to the development of antisocial behavior and are thus
attractive targets for risk-focused preventive intervention. Using meta-analytic techniques, we examined the covariation between
21 family constructs with the current or later display of problem, aggressive, criminal, or violent behaviors. The 80 mean
relationships, based on 3,124 correlations from 233 reports of 119 longitudinal studies, discussed in this paper are generally
moderate, with a grand mean across outcomes of [`(rx,y)] = .15 \overline {{r_{x,y}}} = .15 . Family constructs were most predictive of problem behaviors, [`(rx,y)] = .21 \overline {{r_{x,y}}} = .21 . Predictors measured earlier in life were significantly stronger in 12 relationships and significantly weaker in 18 relationships.
These findings are discussed with reference to Rutter’s (American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 57:316–331, 1987) conceptualization
of protective mechanisms which suggests that if family factors warrant the attention they have engendered, then it is through
their interaction with other developmental and situational factors. 相似文献
19.
《Jnl of Intellectual Property Law & Pract》2008,3(5):277
20.
Researchers in the field of domestic violence have derived “typologies” to better conceptualize the differences found among
batterers (e.g., Holtzworth-Monroe and Stuart [1994]. Psychol. Bull. 116: 476–497). Efforts have since been made to evaluate clinicians' accuracy in classifying batterers into subtypes (Langhinrichsen-Rohling,
Huss, and Ramsey [2000]. J. Fam. Violence 15: 37–53). The present study investigated the accuracy and consistency with which experienced clinicians could sort profiles
into an empirically derived MCMI-based batterer typology (Hamberger, Lohr, Bonge, and Tolin [1996] Violence Vict. 11: 277–292). Seven PhD level psychologists with experience in the field of domestic violence were asked to sort 36 MCMI
profiles into three piles. Each pile was represented by each of the three prototypical cluster types described in Hamberger
et al. (1996) using the Basic 8 MCMI subscales. Overall, expert raters were able to sort most profiles into the three clusters accurately.
However, the expert raters had the most difficulty correctly sorting some of the “nonpathological” profiles, as 40% were placed
into the antisocial cluster and (6%) were sorted into the negativistic-dependent cluster. There are a number of possible explanations
for the lower accuracy in sorting the nonpathological cluster. Results suggest that psychologists with domestic violence training
can accurately sort MCMI profiles of batterers into the main three subtypes derived from empirically-based typology research.
Clinical implications for typology assessment are discussed. 相似文献