印俄关系及其发展前景

二战后,美苏冷战,印度提出不结盟的对外政策,把印变成美苏争夺的对象,使印度在美苏之间左右逢源。但由于种种原因,印度实际上逐渐倾向于苏联,使印苏关系不断发展,并达到军事结盟的程度,从而在印苏之间形成一种特殊的关系①。90年代初苏联解体,俄罗斯成为前苏联的继承者。?..     

印度"东向"的地缘、历史及认知变化分析

印度"东向"战略具有深刻的地缘和历史内涵。历史上,印度对东南亚的政治、语言、宗教和文化等方面都产生了深远影响,二战后更将东南亚视为对印度安全有重要影响的地区。但冷战期间,印度因自身实力、不结盟和冷战束缚,对东盟战略缺乏整体构想。冷战后,印度对东南亚认知发生根本变化,从国际战略、地缘、安全和经济等方面高度重视东盟,"东向"战略取得重大进展。不过,印度"东向"仍面临诸多因素制约。     

印度外交政策的历史转换析论

成为“有声有色”的世界政治大国,是印度自独立起就确立的国家战略目标。为实现该战略目标,不同的时代,印度采用不同的外交政策,也取得了不同的政治实效。尼赫鲁时期的外交战略是借助独立于美苏阵营的不结盟外交寻求政治大国地位,但自身国力的贫弱为印度的大国目标蒙上了浓重的理想主义色彩。后尼赫鲁时期的外交战略抛弃了不切实际的不结盟外交,转而依靠军事实力以谋取地区强国地位。然而,这一战略导致地区局势紧张,制约了印度走向世界政治大国的进程。2l世纪以来,印度实现了对非洲外交政策的战略性转换,即从重视硬实力的传统外交政策转向软实力外交。印度从不结盟到软实力外交的历史转换,凸显出以国家利益最大化为中心、以国际环境变换为外在变量、以中国为参照和竞争对象、注重发挥“软硬”合力的特征。     

印度外交态势与印中关系

印度外交政策的目标是,以国家利益为准绳,以实力为基础,力争成为世界上"有声有色大国"。冷战时期,印度实行不结盟的外交政策,在国际事务中起了超过其本身实力的作用,获得了很大利益。冷战后,国际格局巨变,而印度的综合国力也有了很大增长,欲成为多极世界中之一极的心态凸显。1998年核爆炸后成为事实上的核国家,在国际舞台上以大国姿态出现,开展"全方位"外交,同     

冷战结束后印度的内外政策选择

第一次世界大战以后以美、苏两个超级大国的对立为标志的冷战格局和苏、印之间逐渐发展起来的密切关系对印度国内外政策的制定有着重大的影响。冷战结束和苏联解体以后,印度势必受到冲击,面临着内外政策的选择和调整。印度的内外政策将怎样选择和调整,这是世人所关注的。本文拟就印度在战略态势、不结盟的外交和“社会主义的混合经济体制”这三个带有根本方向性的问题上印度的政策趋向作初步的探讨和分析。     

试析朝鲜战争中的印美关系

冷战初期印美关系发展基本态势是相互疏远 ,这是由于印度处于美国冷战战略边缘地位和两国的外交战略目标缺乏契合点而造成的。朝鲜战争的爆发使美国重新认识到印度的重要地位。在战争期间 ,美国给印度提供经济援助 ,以此来拉拢印度 ,但印度仍坚持不结盟政策 ,对朝鲜战争中的重大国际问题进行独立判断 ,不盲从美国。在这种情况下 ,印美关系不仅未能得到改善 ,反而更加疏远和冷淡。印美两国对近期和长远国家利益的追求是导致这种关系状况的根源。     

印巴冲突的历史和地缘考察

由于印度在南亚的地缘位置和综合国力远胜于巴基斯坦，因此巴基斯坦在冷战时期选择与美国联盟与印度对抗，印度与原苏联结盟，印巴对抗成为美苏争霸在南亚的表现形式，巴美、印苏两组力量的较量决定了印巴对抗与冲突的性质和前景。冷战结束后，印巴对抗发生了明显不利于巴基斯坦的变化，但1998年的印巴核试验再次使两国在核对抗上达到大致平衡，因而略显倾斜的南亚总体战略平衡在一定程度上得到恢复。印度“亚太化”和美国对印巴定位变化促使印巴对抗逐渐超出南亚地缘范围，是印巴对抗成为亚太主要安全关注议题之一的内外力量。     

从克林顿南亚之行看美国“南亚政策”的调整及影响

克林顿对南亚三国的访问,提升了美印关系,加强了与孟加拉国的经济合作,并逼迫巴基斯坦军政府还政于民。以克林顿南亚之行为起点,美国南亚政策也从“平衡外交”调整为“重印轻巴”,通过提升美印关系;开展战略对话,拉拢印度,以期借重印度实现美在南亚和印度洋的主导地位,将南亚纳入其全球战略框架。一、历史回顾美国南亚政策的制定和调整主要是根据其全球战略的需要,受美苏在南亚地区角逐的影响和制约,按不同时期分为三个阶段。第一阶段,冷战时期,“拉巴抑印”。这一时期,东西方冷战,美苏为争夺世界霸权在全球范围内展开激烈斗争。在南亚,苏联…     

试析印度与朝鲜关系发展的动力、阻力与前景

冷战期间,印度推行不结盟主义和均衡主义的外交,而朝鲜也是不结盟运动的活跃成员,再加上共同的殖民地经历,所以印朝两国一直维持着比较稳定而低调的政治外交关系。冷战结束以后,印朝关系虽受到朝核问题、朝鲜与巴基斯坦核导合作以及韩国因素的不利影响,但印度仍然是朝鲜政治上少有的支持者、屈指可数的贸易伙伴和为数不多的人道主义援助国。随着2018年朝鲜内外政策的调整以及由此引发的朝韩关系和美朝关系的积极变化,印朝关系也有望获得新的发展动力。     

冷战期间缅甸的中立外交政策

独立后的缅甸一直奉行独立自主的中立外交政策,在与中美苏三大国的关系上表现的尤为突出。冷战期间,缅甸与三大国的外交关系有以下特点:其一,缅甸与三大国都基本上保持着正常的关系,没有产生大的矛盾和冲突;其二,不与任何大国结盟,从不倒向任何一方。其三,在与三大国的关系中,缅中关系显得更为密切,但两国仍属于正常的国家关系,并没有结成同盟。总的来说,缅甸的对外政策确实是中立和不结盟的。     

The Development of EU-Russian Relations

The EU＇s strategy for Russia since the end of the cold war has to a large extent failed, and the direct consequences are the currently deadlocked EU-Russia relationship. There are three reasons for this： the EU and Russia＇s respective strength and status relative to each other have been changing since the beginning of this century; the EU＇s strategy towards Russia has been more fragmenting in recently years; and the American factor. The EU-Russia relations could continue to be in poor shape in the years to come, and it is very likely sometimes even further worsening. But the two sides would refrain from extreme measures and prevent their relations from sliding into real cold war.     

Young American China Watchers＇ Views on China

In this paper, the author has made a thorough study over the new generation of American China Watchers. Most of the pages are devoted to a detailed comparison between the old generation and the young generation of American China Watchers regarding to their background, education, and views over China. At the end of the paper, the author also gives some policy suggestions for both the Chinese and U.S. government based on the findings in this study.     

The Balance Between Coercion and Accommodation

1. Introduction
On the morning of April 1st, 2001, a U.S. EP-3 surveillance aircraft was conducting an intelligence flight along the Chinese territorial border in the airspace south-east of China＇s Hainan Island. Two Chinese fighter jets intercepted the spy plane and followed its flight, as is considered ordinary international practice. For reasons unknown, the EP-3 airplane made a sudden maneuver and crashed into one of the Chinese planes. The Chinese plane dropped into the sea, the pilot missing. The U.S. spy plane was also severely damaged. It intruded into Chinese territorial space and landed on Hainan Island without official permission from the Chinese side. After landing, the spy plane and 24 crew on board were detained by the Chinese authorities. This air collision episode was the first of its kind in the China-U.S. relations and an urgent diplomatic crisis ensued.     

中国需要构建怎样的周边(英文)

正The new central leadership has highlighted the strategic importance of better relations with neighboring countries and the construction of a solid foundation for China’s neighborhood strategy so as to create favorable conditions for Chinese development.1China is strengthening top-level strategy in foreign relations,focusing on global-level relations and staying committed to relations     

中巴关系的发展及其认识误区（英文）

China and Brazil established a strategic partnership in 1993. The bilateral ties have seen rapid development in almost all areas. However, there are eight myths surrounding the China-Brazil relations. These myths are the result of a lack of mutual understanding as well as the misconceptions result misconceptions of the western observers and media. These misunderstandings have of have jeopardized images of the China-Brazil relations and also hindered further development of their bilateral relationship.     

中国的“主场外交”:机遇、挑战与任务（英文）

The successful hosting of the CICA summit has drawn great attention The attention to China's "host diplomacy". Analyzing new features of China's "host to "host diplomacy" during this new period, this paper will look at the opportunities and challenges facing China's "host diplomacy" and discuss the problems that China should address in order to do a better job in this regard and bring its "host diplomatic advantages" into full play.     

亚洲整体性崛起及其效应(英文)

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the overall rise of the Asian geographic plate has been particularly prominently. The overall rise of Asia reflects the improvement of a large number of developing countries in Asia. The long-occupied aggressive status of the United States and Europe is weakening, and the overall rise of Asia appears more highlighted, and its impact upon the world seems more intense.     

CAFIU Convenes the 11~(th) Council Meeting in Beijing

正On the morning of April 2,2014,CAFIU held the 11th Executive Council Meeting in Beijing.Present at the Meeting were Member of the Politburo of the 17th CPC Central Committee and Vice-Chairman of the 11th CPPCC National Committee Mr.Wang Gang,ViceChairman of the 11th NPC Standing Committee and President of CAFIU Mr.Zhou Tienong,ViceChairpersons of the NPC Standing Committee Mme     

Speech by Honorary President Zhou Tienong at the 11~(th) Executive Council Meeting of CAFIU (Excerpt)

正I am very pleased to attend the 11th Executive Council Meeting of CAFIU,and would like to express my hearty congratulations to President Yan Junqi,the new leadership and the newly-elected Executive Council.I also want to express my sincere thanks for choosing me to be the Honorary President of CAFIU!     

Name-list of Members of the Standing Committee of the (11)~th Executive Council (in alphabetical order of the surname's first letter)

正I.Political Parties and Government Sector Lu Yan Director,Beijing Municipal Commission of Commerce Tong Guili Member,Standing Committee of the CPC Municipal Committee of Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province Secretary,CPC Working Committee,Administrative Commission for the Sci-Tech and Innovation Industrial Park in west Hangzhou City