利用人唾液做基础吸收精制抗N血清

本文介绍先采用人唾液对粗制抗N血清做基础吸收后,再通过红细胞抗原进行精制的一种新方法。精制的抗N血清具有效价高、特异性好的特点,且减少了因用人红细胞重复吸收而引起的溶血反应。     

特异性抗人白蛋白血清制备

用乙基乙酰胺修饰的人血清白蛋白吸收免抗人白蛋白血清,可制威特异性极高的抗人白蛋白血清。用该血清和三氯化铬、人血清白蛋白包被的O型红细胞作指示细胞,做凝集抑制试验,能区别人血(斑)和包括灵长类在内的各种动物血(斑)。     

免疫抗A、抗B、抗H沉淀素血清的制备

本文介绍了用浓缩的分泌型人唾液免疫鸡,经吸收精制获得鸡抗A、抗B、抗H沉淀素血清的方法。用本法制备的抗血清,对相应血型人唾液的特异性沉淀价可达1:512倍以上,对非相应血型者的分泌液不出现非特异性沉淀反应。应用该血清进行环状沉淀试验、单向琼脂扩散试验等免疫学试验,可简便、准确地鉴定人唾液斑、精液斑等分泌液斑的ABO血型。     

单克隆抗A、抗B、抗H指示红细胞的研制及应用

<正> 本文报道根据反向间接血凝(RPHA)原理,用单克隆抗A、抗B、抗H抗体分别在合适的pH值醋酸盐缓冲液中,致敏醛化人“O”型红细胞,制得单克隆抗A、抗B、抗H指示红细胞。用来检验人体液斑的ABH血型物质。单克隆抗A、抗B、抗H指示红细胞对相应分泌型人唾液的凝集效价为8192倍、4096倍     

测定血痕MN型的血清制备

用免疫吸收方法制备的抗-M与抗-N血清,检测10天内的不相应的MN血型血痕和大约2年的相应MN型血痕,凡能获得特异性结果的抗血清才能用于血痕的MN血痕测定。否则,只能用于测定血液的MN血型。     

一例疑难精斑的检验

笔者受理了一起李控告魏将其强奸案，魏拒不承认。李将擦拭阴部的一块旧衣片送检。旧衣片上检有精子，每视野可见2～3个不完整的精子，偶见少量的扁平上皮细胞。用凝集反应确定李血型为B型；李的丈夫张的血型为O型；魏的血型为B型。用中和试验确定李的丈夫唾液为非分泌型；李与魏的唾液均为B分泌型。取该衣片精斑处与无精斑处检材浸泡，用16倍效价的抗A、抗B、抗H血清做吸收抑制凝集检验，空白检材与精斑检材均出现抗B血清抑制。由于李、魏、张三人的血型物质均可混于其中，而检材空白又出现B型，考虑旧衣片有李的B型物质干扰。李的B型…     

唾液中Lewis血型物质的定量研究

应用时间决定性荧光免疫测定法（TR－FIA法），对129例健康成人唾液中Lweis及H1血型物质进行定量检测。Le阳性个体均不同程度地检出了Lea和Leb物质。Lea物质含量：Le（a＋b-）型＞Le（a－b＋）型；Leb物质含量：Le（a－b＋）型＞Le（a＋b－）型。Le（a＋b－）型的Lea物质＞Leb，Le（a－b＋）型的Leb物质＞Lea物质。Le阴性的部分个体未能检出Lewis物质，其余个体也仅检出微量。根据Lea和Leb物质在唾液中的相对含量，可以推测红细胞Lewis型，并提示Leb物质可能由Lea物质转化而形成。     

用人血清-唾液-初乳斑痕吸收免疫抗血清制备特异性抗人精液血清

本研究采用人血清-唾液-初乳混合液斑痕吸收抗人精液免疫血清,以消除抗血清的外器官特异性交叉反应。吸收后的抗人精液血清,仅和人精液及附睾和前列腺组织提取液发生反应,和人血清、唾液、初乳、阴道分泌液及尿液等5种人类体液分泌液及22种人体组织浸取液无交叉免疫反应;和8种动物精液也无交叉反应,具有良好的器官及种属特异性。获得的抗血清清亮透明,效价高。血清吸收方法简便易行,成本低,易于普及推广。     

制备抗人精液特异蛋白P30血清的研究

作者以精浆特异蛋白P30为抗原免疫新西兰白兔、豚鼠和鸡三种实验动物,制备了抗P30血清。用双向琼脂扩散法检测兔和豚鼠的抗 P30血清,其特异性和敏感性均达到目前国外同类产品的水平。抗 P30血清与阴道分泌物,血清、唾液、尿液、初乳以及羊精液、鸡精液均不出现交叉反应。用抗 P30血清检测混合的人精浆,其抗原效价为1:160;P30含量可测到12.5ug/ml。在三种动物的抗血清中,豚鼠抗 P30血清的抗体效价最高。以不同浓度的 P30测豚鼠、兔和鸡抗 P30血清抗体效价豚鼠平均滴度可达52.50,兔次之,鸡的抗 P30血清最差。经作者制备的抗 P30血清可用来确证精液。     

抗人红细胞凝集素血清的应用研究

本文通过吸收抑制试验证明了抗人血红蛋白沉淀素血清中存在的那种能凝集人类红细胞的凝集素,实际上就是用人的红细胞免疫家兔而产生的抗人红细胞凝集素.为考察抗人红细胞凝集素血清对血痕种属的鉴识能力,本文用此抗血清作解离试验,对不同稀释度的新鲜人血痕、室内存放的久暂不一的人血痕和15种动物血痕进行了检测.得到的结果是,新鲜人血痕稀释至1/1000仍呈阳性;500例室内存放的人血痕中,存放时间在11年以下的448例全部能够准确测出;存放12-16年的52例人血痕中,有33例能够测出,余19例呈阴性;15种动物血痕全部呈阴性.     

The use of immunoenzyme analysis for determining ABH antigens in traces of saliva and sperm]

The authors suggest a simple sensitive technique for enzyme immunoassay (EIA) of ABH antigens in saliva and semen. A two-staged dot blot solid-phase EIA on nitrocellulose membranes was employed with anti-ABH monoclonal antibodies obtained in immunization of mice with human red cells. 4-chloro-1-naphthol substrate solution was used to visualize the peroxidase label. The results of analysis of salivary and spermatic samples obtained from donors of various groups evidence that this EIA variant may be useful in forensic medicine.     

The detection of soluble ABH blood group substances in semen and saliva using monoclonal blood grouping reagents

Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), this study investigated the use of monoclonal antibodies for detecting secreted ABH blood group substances in semen and saliva. The results demonstrated that the behavior of some monoclonals were unpredictable and often failed to detect the corresponding antigen in a number of the specimens tested. The suitability of the monoclonal reagents for detecting soluble blood group antigens could not be predicted by their behavior with red cell antigens. Consequently, care must be taken in the selection of monoclonal reagents for use in the detection of secreted blood group antigens.     

Lewis typing of human saliva stains by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using monoclonal anti-Le(a) and anti-Le(b) antibodies

The Lewis blood grouping of human saliva stains could be detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using anti-Le(a) and anti-Le(b) monoclonal antibodies with an avidin-biotin complex (ABC). The saliva stains (1.0 by 1.0 cm in size) were used as samples and not only could the Lewis substances of 57 individual stains be correctly typed by this method, but also it was clarified that there are several different secretion patterns of amounts of Le(a) and Le(b) substances in 3 individual Lewis types.     

抗人A型红细胞单克隆抗体的研制及初步应用

本研究在用人A型红细胞悬液免疫BaIb/C小鼠脾细胞与同系小鼠的骨髓瘤细胞融合屡次失败的情况下,改用实体瘤分离出的骨髓瘤细胞进行融合,终获成功。融合后筛选出分泌盐水凝集抗体的杂交瘤细胞株:3B_2、2H_2、8C_3细胞株。这些杂交瘤细胞可持续分泌抗A单克隆IgM类抗体。     

The diagnosis of an ABO(H) ABSe group in the traces of saliva, sperm and vaginal secretion using mixed agglutination reaction

Experimental spots of the saliva, sperm, vaginal secretion from persons with groups Ase, Bse, ABSe and Abse were studied with mixed agglutination reaction (MAR) using hemagglutinating sera anti-A and anti-B (heteroimmune, isoimmune), monoclonal antibodies. MAR with monoclonal antibodies was able to diagnose ABSe group not only in the spots of saliva, but also in the spots of sperm and vaginal secretion where heteroimmune sera failed.     

Detection of Lea substance in saliva stains by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using anti-gum arabic serum

It is known that rabbit anti-gum arabic (GA) serum has cross-reactivity with Lea antigen, and that, by using this cross-reactive anti-Lea antibody, the presence of Lea antigen in red blood cells and saliva can be demonstrated with accuracy. We have devised a rapid and highly sensitive method for detecting Lea substance in human saliva by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method using an anti-Lea antibody isolated from anti-GA serum by affinity chromatography on Synsorb Lea. The ELISA plate, coated with the specific anti-Lea antibody, adsorbed the Lea substance in saliva which was subsequently identified by adding enzyme labeled anti-Lea IgG in that order. The method could detect the Lea substance in Le(a+) saliva stains as small as 0.1 by 0.1 cm in size that had been stored at room temperature for three weeks and in Le(a+) saliva stains 0.7 by 0.7 cm in size that had been stored for ten years. This method seems to be useful for quantitative analyses of the Lea substance in various body fluids.     

非分泌型的基因型与血型物质的分泌研究

阐明非分泌型的基因型与血型物质分泌量和Lewis表型的关系。应用时间决定性荧光免疫测定法（TR－FIA），检测传统的A型Lewis阳性非分泌型个体唾液中H、A及Lewis抗原含量，并以序列特异性PCR，确定其基因型。非分泌型个体唾液中检出了高含量的Lea抗原，其中8例不同程度的检出了少量H、A和Leb抗原，其FUTZ位点为se2／se2纯合型，属Le（a＋b＋）型；1例基因型为se3／se5杂合型，未能检出H、A及Leb抗原，属Le（a＋b－）型。se2是弱分泌基因，se3及se5是非分泌基因。