The (un)making of Bimshire and the Black Englishman: Barbadian nationalism in post-colonial Britain

This paper considers Partha Chatterjee’s [1993. The Nation and Its Fragments: Colonial and Postcolonial Histories. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press] theory of anti-colonial nationalism – itself a response to Benedict Anderson [(1983) 2006. Imagined Communities. Reprint, London: Verso] – to understand how migrants from Barbados and their children construct their national identities in postcolonial Britain. Using interviews with first-, second- and third-generation Barbadian-Britons, it aims to determine what it means to be Barbadian, fifty years since independence, and how this identity has developed in the long shadow of colonialism and the more recent era of sovereignty. Guided by Chatterjee’s framework of spiritual and material nationalism, the findings locate Barbadian nationalism in the dynamic spiritual domain of family, racial consciousness and culture, unaffected by British aesthetic and institutions that have endured since the island’s occupation. How is this identity constructed within the borders of the former colonial power? This research locates the Caribbean within these competing discourses of nationalism, particularly nationalism as it responds and adapts to migration.     

The disciplining of illegal palm oil plantations in Sumatra

The Indonesian state has issued many regulations to control palm oil expansion, but they have been weakly enforced, resulting in widespread illegal plantations. During the last decade, Indonesian authorities have used force to reduce illegal plantations. This article analyses the drivers behind these actions and questions to what extent they reflect the rise of eco-authoritarianism. By investigating six cases of disciplinary action in Sumatra, we conclude that the Indonesian state is neither practising eco-authoritarianism nor constituting a green state. The disciplinary action, however, has had limited success in environmental terms due to policy incoherence, violent contestation and the sector’s historical context.     

The making of Maoist model in post-Mao era: The myth of Nanjie village

Bucking the general trend of privatization in China, the model village of Nanjie has cultivated the image of a “small zone of communism,” a modern-day commune that practices extreme measures of egalitarianism. Such an image is promoted by some Party leaders at the center as well as local cadres, and bolstered by the spectacular display of the village's wealth. With the aid of fieldwork data, our research examines the claims of “success,” “egalitarianism,” and the attribution of “success” to “egalitarianism.” We find that the village's early rise to prosperity took place before the celebrated Maoist practices were introduced, and that its later rapid development was an artifact of politically awarded state loans. We then examine the “actually existing Maoism” by uncovering the capitalist labor relations between the local villagers and the hired laborers, and the political inequality among the village's own legal residents. We conclude by examining the political processes that gave rise to this star village in the post-Mao era.     

‘Nomad savage’ and herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria: the (un)making of an ancient myth

Abstract

Conflicts between sedentary farmers and nomadic pastoralists (herders) are a common phenomenon in Africa. In recent scholarship, environmental change, structural violence and capital flows to agro-pastoral communities are identified as the core conflict drivers. Although scholars differ on the exact causal pathways, most arguments ultimately centre around competition over access to water and land. Yet there is a lot more to learn about the ecology of these conflicts, especially people’s perception of pastoral nomads and its implication for conflict resolution. The tendency among researchers is to explore the conflict as if it comprises only objective realities devoid of subjective beliefs. Yet my research shows that popular representations of Fulani herders in Nigeria today reflect ancient stereotypes of nomadic peoples. By ignoring this subjective dimension of the conflict, we limit our understanding of its causes and the reason(s) behind its protraction, and, by extension, are blinded to the need for prejudice reduction. This paper argues that the perception of pastoral nomads as savages is a factor in the conflict because it shapes people’s relationship with, and reception of, Fulani herders. Hence, it must be grasped, probed and included in the visioning of conflict resolution.     

The Role(s) of County Councillors: An Evaluation

This article considers the role(s) of county councillors in the context of the contemporary reform agenda. This study incorporates an analysis of the relevant academic literature, however the conclusions are based on interviews with county councillors in Devon. The responses are used to draw a distinction between community focused and more traditional members. In addition, conclusions are drawn about the extent to which their behaviour matched the government's notion of the model councillor under the reformed political management structures.     

Terrorist (E)motives: The Existential Attractions of Terrorism

This article describes a number of possible existential motivations for engaging in terrorism. Three in particular are identified: (1) the desire for excitement, (2) the desire for ultimate meaning, and (3) the desire for glory. Terrorism, according to the argument set out here, is as much a site of individual self-drama and self-reinvention as a tactical instrument for pursuing the political goals of small groups. The conclusion explores the concept of “existential frustration,” and suggests that terrorist activity may provide an outlet for basic existential desires that cannot find expression through legitimate channels.     

Algeria Unmasked: The fiction of Rachid Mimouni (1945-1995)

The Impact of Microelectronics. J Rada, Geneva: International Labour Office. 1980. 109pp. £4.40

Self‐Reliance: a strategy for development. Edited by J Galtung, P O'Brien and R Preiswerk, Geneva: Institute for Development Studies. 1980. 422pp. £5.25

Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Weapons Proliferation. The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute London: Taylor &; Francis. 1979. 462pp. £14.00

Urbanisation, Housing and the Development Process. David Drakakis‐Smith, London: Croom Helm. 1980.234pp. £15.95

The Crises of Power: an interpretation of US foreign policy during the Kissinger years. Seyom Brown, New York: Columbia University Press. 1979. 184pp. $10.95

Paper Heroes: a review of appropriate technology. W Rybczynski, Chalmington, England: Prism Press. 1980. 181pp. £3.95pb

The Origins of the Economy. Frederic L Pryor, London: Academic Press. 1977.475pp. £12.70

Research in Economic Anthropology, Vol 1,1978; Vol 2, 1979. Edited by G Dalton, Greenwich, Connecticut: JAI Press. 1978. 388pp. 1979. 390pp. $14.50 each

Conquest of World Hunger and Poverty. Douglas Ensminger and Paul Bonami, Iowa State University Press. 1980. 107pp. $5.00

Beyond the Green Revolution: the ecology and politics of global agricultural development. Kenneth A Dahlberg, New York: Plenum Press. 1979. 256pp. $17.95

A World of Women: anthropological studies of women in the societies of the world. Erika Bourguignon, New York: Praeger (distributed in the UK by Holt Saunders). 1980. 364pp. £6.50

Women and Colonisation: anthropological perspectives. Mona Etienne and Eleanor Leacock, New York: Praeger (distributed in the UK by Holt Saunders). 1980. 339pp. £ 16.00. £6.50pb

Comparative Perspectives of Third World Women: the impact of race, sex and class. Beverley Lindsay, New York: Praeger (distributed in the UK by Holts Saunders). 1980. 318pp. £ 14.25

Tourism ‐ Passport to Development?. Emmanuel de Kadt, Oxford University Press. 1979. 360pp. £5.95. £2.50pb

Oil and Class Struggle. Edited by P Nore and T Turner, London: Zed Press. 1980. 307pp. £12.95. £3.95pb

Distance Teaching for the Third World: the lion and the clockwork mouse. Michael Young, Hilary Perraton, Janet Jenkins and Tony Dodds London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1980. 259pp. £6.95

Distributional Consequences of Direct Foreign Investment. Robert H Frank and Richard T Freeman, London: Academic Press. 1978. 157pp. £9.75

Developing Country Debt. Edited by Lawrence G Franko and Marilyn J Selber, Oxford: Pergamon. 1980. 309pp. $40.00

Economic Development: an introduction. Clarence Zuvekas, London: Macmillan. 1980.433pp. £10.00. £3.95pb

Directions in Economic Development. Edited by Kenneth P Jameson and C K Wilber, London: University of Notre Dame Press. 1979.256pp. £3.00

The International Monetary System and the Less Developed Countries. Graham Bird, London: Macmillan. 1978. 339pp. £12.00

Finance in Developing Countries. Edited by P C I Ayre, London: Frank Cass. 1977. 174pp. £11.00

The Political Economy of Botswana: a study of growth and distribution. Christopher Colclough and Stephen McCarthy, Oxford University Press. 1980. 248pp. £12.50

Human Resources and African Development. Edited by Ukandi G Damachi and Victor P Diejomaoh, New York: Praeger. 1978. 378pp. £17.75

Employment and Income Distribution in the African Economy. James Fry, London: Croom Helm. 1979. 177pp. £9.95

The Political Economy of Underdevelopment: dependence in Senegal. Edited by Rita Cruise O'Brien, London: Sage. 1979. 288pp. £12.50. £6.25pb

Introduction to Nigerian Law. Edited by C O Okonkwo, London: Sweet &; Maxwell. 1980. 444pp. £14.00

The Kenyatta Succession. Joseph Karimi and Philip Ochieng, Nairobi: Transafrica. 1980. 195pp. Sh.44

China: liberation and transformation, 1942–62 Vol 1 China: radicalism to revisionism, 1962–79 Vol 2. Bill Brugger, London: Croom Helm. 1981. Vol 1,288pp. Vol 2,276pp. Vol 1, £6.95. Vol 2, £5.95

Continuing the Revolution: the political thought of Mao. John Bryan Starr, Princeton University Press. 1979. 366pp. £11.40. £3.45pb

The Urban Origins of Rural Revolution: elites and the masses in Hunan Province, China, 1911–27. Angus W McDonald, Jr, London: University of California Press. 1979. 369pp. £12.25

The Irony of Vietnam: the system worked. Leslie H Gelb and Richard K Betts, Washington, DC: Brookings Institution (distributed in the UK by Basil Blackwell). 1079. 387pp. £12.50. £4.95pb

Back to the Front: the unfinished story in Vietnam. R Pand S Kaushik, New Delhi: Orient Longman (distributed in the UK by J K Publishers). 1979.120pp. £5.00

Mrs Gandhi. Dom Moraes, London: Jonathan Cape. 1980. 336pp. £9.60

Development Strategy of Bangladesh. Nurul Islam, Oxford: Pergamon. 1978. 109pp. £6.35

Emergence of a New Nation in a Multi‐Polar World. Mizanur Rahman, Dacca, Bangladesh: University Press. 1979. 189pp. Tk 54.00

The Western Saharans. Virginia Thompson and Richard Adloff, London: Croom Helm. 1980. 348pp. £13.95

Frontiers of Theology in Latin America. Edited by Rosino Gibellini, Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Books. 1979. 321pp. $9.95

Christology at the Crossroads: a Latin American approach. Jon Sobrino, Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Books. 1979. 432pp. $12.95

Churches and Politics in Latin America. Edited by Daniel H Levine, London: Sage. 1980. 279pp. £11.85. £6.25pb

The ‘Young Towns’ of Lima: aspects of urbanisation in Peru. Peter Lloyd, Cambridge University Press: 1980. 160pp. £15.00

Internal Migration Policy and New Towns: the Mexican experience. P G Bock and Irene Fraser Rothenberg, London: University of Illinois Press. 1979. 156pp. £6.00

Environment, Society, and Rural Change in Latin America: the past, present, and future in the countryside. Edited by D A Preston, Chichester, England: John Wiley. 1980. 256pp. £14.50     

The Discursive Resistance to EU-Enticement: The Russian Elite and (the Lack of) Europeanisation

This article explores the discourse of the Russian elite on foreign policy in general and on the European Union in particular, and identifies the main reasons for Russia's resistance to Europeanisation. At a theoretical level, the article builds upon the study of discourse conceived in ‘structural’ terms, and argues that discursive incompatibility at a deeper discursive level prevents the socialisation of elite members to attitudes more sympathetic to Europe at a more superficial level. Methodologically, the research is based on content analysis of major Russian foreign policy documents, presidential speeches and, in particular, of a set of interviews with Russian foreign policy-makers and academics most frequently in touch with the European Union.