赌博犯罪的立法完善

我国刑法第303条虽然对赌博罪作了专门的规定,但是该规定明显原则化,过于笼统和简单,带有一定程度的粗糙性,充其量能勉强适应于传统的赌博犯罪,在新形势的赌博犯罪面前则略显滞后,还需进一步完善。     

澳门博彩业快速发展的法哲学思考

澳门回归后博彩业得到快速扩容，已发展成为世界第一赌城，而与此相关的社会问题也接踵而至。这一情况让特区政府始料不及，其原因除了受利益最大化市场规律的影响之外，还存在封澳门基本法相关规定解读不当的问题。需要在提高认识的基础上调整思路，强化管理，以实现精神文明与物质文明的同步发展。     

Review of activities of the commonwealth secretariat in the legal field

A Memorandum by the Commonwealth Secretariat presented to the 1996 Meeting of Commonwealth Law Ministers, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 15–19 April 1996     

Detecting illegal activities: the case of cartels

This paper considers enhancements of a comparatively new method to detect cartels, the System of Cartel Markers (SCM), introduced by Blanckenburg and Geist (Int Adv Econ Res 15(4):421–436, 2009). The aim of SCM is to find illegal collusion on legal markets with observable market data. It uses expected behavior patterns such as low level of capacity utilization, slackness of price adjustments to exogenous shocks, excess rates of return, nearly constant capacities, less price changes and lower variance of capacity growth rate. However, the testing of cost efficiency is lacking so far. Following Leibenstein’s (Am Econ Rev 56:392–415, 1966) X-inefficiency theory, we assume that cartel members face lower competition and hence, tend to be less cost efficient. Therefore, we enhance SCM and use cost efficiency as a further marker in order to detect cartels. We apply SCM to the German cement cartel and find empirical support for some markers. The proposed methodology may be used for antitrust screening and regulatory purposes.     

Commercialization activities in the SBIR program (part 1)

Telephone surveys were conducted over a three-year period on more than 800 Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II projects initiated during the first three years of the program. For most of these projects, respondents were surveyed four years after receiving their Phase II award Five distinct levels of commercialization activity were identified ranging from “commercialization has occurred” (Level 1) to “commercialization is not expected” (Level 5). At the time of the survey, 12% of the projects had achieved commercialization (Level 1) and 18% were experiencing some commercialization success (Levels 1 and 2 combined). Of the participating federal agencies, the Department of Health and Human Services had by far the largest percentage of commercialized projects. For all agencies, over 60% of the respondents attributed nearly all of their projects' success to the SBIR program. Eighty-four percent stated that the technology development effort would not have been pursued without SBIR. Survey responses were also analyzed for a series of factors to determine their influence on the extent of commercialization activity. Factors included in the series are those related to the SBIR company conducting the project, the technology being developed, and marketing the product or service expected to be derived from the SBIR effort.     

Routine activities and social control in the aftermath of a natural catastrophe

The first two being from the University of Miami, the latter two from the University of Florida.