The Administration of Justice Act 1982 — Partial implementation of the Pearson Report

Liverpool Law Review -     

农村公共安全产品供给机制创新研究

公共安全产品供给是政府部门的主要职能之一。农村地区目前面临的刑案、治安案件频发,邪教传播与封建迷信活动猖獗等问题,其主要原因是农村公共安全产品供给不足。创新农村公共安全供给机制,从培育农村公共安全文化、创新农村警务模式、理顺农村公共安全监管体制、创新公共安全产品供给主体等路径构建农村公共安全产品多元化供给体系,将从根本上解决农村公共安全产品供给不足的现状,为我国构建和谐社会及社会主义新农村建设提供坚实的基础。     

准公共产品的供给分析

从传统理论上讲,准公共产品是介于公共产品与私人产品之间的社会产品,它是具有公共产品与私人产品特征的混合产品。因此准公共产品的提供就与一般商品有所差别,它是由企业与政府共同提供的。     

Professionalism under the Legal Services Act 2007

The Legal Services Act 2007 represents an ambitious attempt to reconcile consumerism and professionalism. The Act created a Legal Services Board to oversee the regulation of the legal services market in England and Wales. The Board was also placed under a duty to promote consumer interests and to encourage an independent, strong, diverse and effective legal profession and to promote professional principles. The article examines the actual and prospective impacts of the Act on the legal professions, professional work, the regulatory system, regulatory method, professional ethics and legal education. It identifies threats posed to traditional conceptions of legal professionalism by the new regime and suggests ways that they might be mitigated.     

我国农村公共物品供给机制探究

建立和完善农村公共物品的有效供给机制,对推进我国农村经济社会健康发展具有重要意义。本文在评述国内外相关研究进展的基础上,对我国农村构建公共物品供给机制的必要性进行了分析,提出了完善农村公共物品供给机制的新思路。即构建以需求为主导的农村公共物品供给机制,健全农村公共物品供给的民主决策机制,强化财政和监管制度。     

论司法产品的性质与供给——一个经济分析的视角

司法产品并不必然就是公共物品,司法服务也非必须由政府提供。历史上,政府司法首先是作为统治者的创收手段发展起来的,而非公共服务。市场或社区自身也能够提供非政府的纠纷解决机制。政府司法并不天然优于非政府司法。对于大量不具有公共物品属性的案件,非政府司法能够提供更有效率的服务。当事人的选择自由和竞争机制是非政府司法有效运作的关键。这一机制适用于公共法院,也就是当事人合意选择公共法官制度。后者可能对我国当下的司法改革具有特殊的政策意义。     

The Emergence of Crime Victims as a Target Group in the Swedish Social Services Act

This article examines the political motives behind the introduction of crime victim support provisions in the Swedish Social Services Act. The findings derive from a case study of the preparatory material that prefaced the legal changes that were adopted in 2001. The result shows that the explicit purpose of the provisions was to consider measures to improve the support to crime victims. To some degree the provisions can also be explained by symbolic factors. In fact, most actors in the law-making process indicate that their motives were communicative and symbolic. Support to crime victims was presumably a complicated issue for the social democratic government. Because of the economical crisis in the early 1990s, there was no scope for reforms that implied high increased costs. Yet expanding the crime victim's rights in relation to the offender, such as toughening the penal law and promoting victim impact statements, was not in line with social democratic ideology. By enacting the provisions in the Social Services Act the government demonstrated that support to crime victims was an important area of concern. At the same time, the provisions did not involve any increased costs or strengthen the crime victim's rights in relation to the offender. In this way, the provisions became a mediator that solved a difficult political dilemma for the government.     

A Disabled Market: Free Movement of Goods and Services in the EU and Disability Accessibility

Individuals with a disability who wish to use goods and services can have a variety of specific needs, ranging from accessible written information to standard products and services which have disability accessibility features built into them. In light thereof, this article focuses on the impact which Community law has had, and could potentially have, on ensuring an EU‐wide market in products and services which are accessible to consumers with a disability. The article examines the (possible) impact of a variety of provisions, including the rules relating to the free movement of goods and services (Articles 28 and 49 EC, respectively), the internal market (Articles 94 and 95 EC), non‐discrimination (Article 13 EC), EU citizenship provisions, and the work of the European standardisation bodies such as CEN. The central question throughout the article is does EC law allow for, or discourage, the establishment of mandatory disability accessibility standards at the national or EU level, and have the provisions been used to permit or establish such standards to date?     

Funding reductions in fiscal year 1982. Health Services Administration. Notice

This notice announces: (1) Factors that the Health Services Administration (HSA) will use in determining which Community Health Center (CHC) projects to fund, and (2) restrictions on the type of project activities that will be eligible for Federal support under the CHC program. a reduced level of authorization of appropriations for section 30 of the Public Health Service (PHS) Act in the recently enacted Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 (Pub. L 97-35) is the reason for the announcement of these factors and restrictions.