共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
交通事故频频发生,严重威胁着人的生命和财产安全。文章在全面分析我国高速公路交通事故特点的基础上,围绕道路展开思考,从高速公路道路质量、道路用户、道路管理和道路监控四方面深入探究高速公路交通事故发生的原因,进而详细研究高速公路交通事故前的预防对策、事故现场的救援对策和事故后的安全修复对策。 相似文献
2.
Sidorov VL Maiatskaia MV Liubimov IuA Babakhanian RV 《Sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza》2000,43(3):15-16
The efficiency of detection of blood in stains on material evidence by spectrofluorometry and fluorescent hemotest developed at Bureau for Forensic Medical Expert Evaluations of the Leningrad region and by traditional methods used in Russia and abroad is compared. The proposed methods are 1000 times more effective than the methods routinely used in Russia; moreover, they allow objective computer recording and processing. These methods are 50-70 times cheaper than the methods used in foreign countries and are virtually as sensitive. Fluorescent hemotest persuasively proves the presence of blood in stains on material evidence under laboratory conditions, at the site of accident, and even under field conditions (express analysis). 相似文献
3.
正确认识道路交通事故认定行为的法律性质,对完善道路交通事故认定行为的法律规制具有重要意义。长期以来,学术界对道路交通事故认定行为的法律性质存在很大争议。本文认为,道路交通事故认定是公安机关履行处理交通事故职责的行为,其法律性质应该是具体行政行为中的行政确认行为。 相似文献
4.
当前道路交通事故鉴定存在着鉴定项目及其内容缺乏清晰界定,鉴定机构缺失,鉴定制度建设不完善等问题,事故处理实践中存在鉴定范围扩大化倾向,部分事故处理人员在事故处理过程中遇到难题往鉴定上推,推卸对事故证据的具体分析和案情的综合评判责任。解决的方法是界定交通事故鉴定项目的范围,明确鉴定与事故处理人员分析认定的处理方法,建立自上而下的鉴定系统体系,加强鉴定人的管理制度并完善相应的监督机制。 相似文献
5.
道路交通事故责任归责原则的演进与《道路交通安全法》第76条 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
20世纪以来尤其是二战以后,汽车成为大众的普通代步工具,交通事故逐渐成为最常见的一种人身伤害事故。各国立法者开始高度注意道路交通事故的民事赔偿问题,逐步建立起过错推定、无过错责任或严格责任的归责原则。《道路交通安全法》第76条确立了一个归责原则体系,对于不同情况下的责任承担适用不同的归责原则。这样的规定最有利于保护受害人,同时也不至于让加害人承担过重的赔偿责任;同时,设立机动车第三者责任险意义重大。 相似文献
6.
Pedestrians belong to the group of road users with the highest mortality rate. The frequency of road accidents involving pedestrians is 2% but pedestrians represent as many as 13% of all road accident deaths. Because of the mechanism and dynamics of injury and the effects of alcohol on physical and mental performance, pedestrians under the influence of alcohol are classed among the road users most at risk.Our retrospective study included 125 pedestrian fatalities treated at the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana between 1999 and 2006. We classified the victims into two groups by blood alcohol level Group I (alcohol positive) and Group II (alcohol negative), defined differences in gender, age, incidence of injuries and established causes of death and period of survival following the road accident. In Group I (n = 53) 96% were male and 4% female; the average age was 45.6 years. In Group II (n = 72) 40% were male and 60% female; the average age was 63.1 years. The percentage of injuries to individual parts of the body was higher in Group I than among the deceased pedestrians in Group II. The most common cause of death in both groups was craniocerebral trauma. Death occurred in the first 6 h following the accident in 92% of cases in Group I and in 69% of cases in Group II.Alcohol-positive pedestrians are predominantly younger men, who have a higher level of risk of a road accident, greater incidence of injuries and a shorter period of survival following a road accident. 相似文献
7.
《Russian Politics and Law》2013,51(5):71-81
The problem of crime in a transition society in general, and in Russia in particular, is part of a much broader problem of "liberation from the state." The road to such liberation is not necessarily a peaceful one. The emergence of a new view on life, new ideas of what is permissible and what is not, what is morally justified and what is prohibited, may be manifested in the collective and concerted actions of society as a whole or in a significant segment of society, thereby producing a revolution. Also, the adoption of new moral practices and the rejection of older ones may take place at the individual level, and in this case we may speak of a person's "escape" from state and society. 相似文献
8.
目的两轮车侧翻倒地后的滑行摩擦系数是利用两轮车碰撞后倒地滑行距离进行速度计算的关键参数,论文通过试验研究提出用于道路交通事故速度计算的电动两轮车侧翻倒地滑动摩擦系数。方法在综合分析电动两轮车侧倒滑行摩擦系数影响因素的基础上,利用正交试验设计摩擦系数实验方案,并采用实车牵引的方法,在不同速度条件下,分别在干燥、潮湿的沥青混凝土路面及水泥混凝土路面上进行实验。结果实验所得数据显示,电动两轮车侧翻倒地滑动摩擦系数的范围为0.40~0.60。结论通过对所得数据进行处理,提出适用于电动两轮车交通事故再现的摩擦系数范围。 相似文献
9.
道路交通事故受伤人员后期医疗费评估的法医学探讨 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的 探讨 13 71例交通事故中受伤人员后期医疗费的影响因素 ,并为此类案例后期医疗费的法医学评估积累经验。 方法 设定影响因素参数为“评估时间、是否评残及后期有无手术” ,并行卡方检验。 结果 评估时间在 1月内者为 475例 ,3月内者 1118例 ;评估时间的不同、是否评残及后期有无手术等因素对后期医疗费的影响有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1)。 结论 后期医疗费的法医学评估是必要的 ,原则上应依据“普及价格”并考虑多种影响因素综合评估 相似文献
10.
Death Due to Decapitation in Two Motorcyclists: A Description of a Unique Case and a Brief Review of the Literature
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of forensic sciences》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Antonio Osculati M.D. Silvia D. Visonà M.D. Laura Della Chiesa M.D. Filippo Navarra M.D. Andrea Calbi M.D. Luisa Andrello M.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(3):804-806
Deaths due to decapitation, especially related to traffic accidents, are rarely found in forensic practice. The present case involves a man and a woman who died from decapitation due to an unusual mechanism while they were riding on a motorbike down a mountain road. The autopsy, which was completed as a physics study, allowed the accident to be reconstructed as follows: A plastic cable that had detached from a timber‐transporting machine whipped the road and hit the two motorcyclists. The impact resulted in the complete severing of both riders’ heads. Involving different scientists in this accident investigation was crucial to understanding the dynamics of the accident. In fact, in addition to scene inspection and autopsy, a physics study was carried out on the cable and the clamp involved, which led to an explanation for the abrupt movement of the cable and, thus, to a thorough reconstruction of the accident. 相似文献
11.
深圳市道路交通事故死亡案例特点分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的探讨道路交通事故死亡案例特点,为预防事故的发生提供可靠信息和参考数据。方法按照死者性别、年龄、死亡原因、事故发生时间及地点、事故车辆类型等相关参数,对深圳市4184例道路交通事故死亡案例进行回顾性分析。结果事故死亡人员以男性为主,男女比例为2.45∶1;事故在6:00~8:00和18:00~2:00发生最多;72%的案例在城郊主干道发生;死者主要交通行为方式分别为步行占44%,自行车骑车人19%,摩托车驾车人15%;肇事车辆以货车为主;死亡原因83.2%为颅脑损伤死亡,13.3%为多发损伤。结论深圳地区道路交通事故死亡案件具有明显特点,具有可防范性。 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
《Legal and Criminological Psychology》2005,10(1):45-62
Purpose. Laymen and legal professionals frequently make decisions on the culpability of drivers involved in collisions on the basis of incomplete and inconsistent information. Could attributions based on car and driver stereotypes influence decisions on culpability? Methods. In Experiment 1, ratings were collected on the perceived on‐road aggressiveness of drivers of different age and gender, and for models and colours of motorcars driven. In Experiment 2, participants read an accident scenario involving two cars and were asked to estimate relative speed, position on the road and blame. The ages of the drivers, colours, make and model of car driven were manipulated using the aggressiveness ratings collected in Experiment 1. In Experiment 3, participants read another scenario and were again invited to allocate blame; colour, model of car and driver's age were varied systematically to establish the relative contribution of the different elements of the stereotype. Results. Combinations of colour, car and driver rated high on aggression were judged as travelling faster, being further across the road and more likely to be the cause of an accident than those rated low on these dimensions. Conclusions. Pre‐existing car and driver stereotypes have a demonstrable influence on judgments of driver behaviour from conflicting accident statements. The possible implications for the handling of accident claims and legal cases are discussed. 相似文献
15.
关于道路交通事故的定义,《道路交通安全法》在《道路交通事故处理办法》的基础上作了修改.从法学和逻辑学的角度上分析,修改后的定义仍然存在着定义不准、概念不清等问题,影响到该法的准确实施.科学定义道路交通事故概念,首先要明确《道路交通安全法》的立法目的和法律特征,其次要明确道路交通事故概念构成的内在要件和外在要件,第三要遵从语词规则. 相似文献
16.
17.
目的分析海口市道路交通事故死亡案件的特点,为死亡原因鉴定及预防提供参考依据。方法收集2014—2016年海口市公安局交警支队受理的498例道路交通事故死亡的案例资料,对性别、年龄、案发时间、死者交通方式、肇事车辆类型及死亡原因等相关参数进行分析。结果死者年龄以21~40岁居多,男女性之比为3∶1;案发时间以每年3、4、5月及10月,每天的6:01~8:00及20:01~22:00为高峰期;死者交通方式以驾(摩托车和电动车)的发生率最高(30.9%);肇事车辆以摩托车和电动车为主(57.4%);死亡原因以颅脑损伤居多,胸腹部损伤次之。结论道路交通事故死亡案件的尸体检验对死亡性质及责任认定有重要作用和意义。 相似文献
18.
论面向道路交通安全驾驶模拟系统研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
汽车驾驶模拟器在道路交通安全领域有着广泛的应用前景,面向道路交通安全的驾驶模拟系统是由驾驶舱等硬件系统和视景显示软件系统组成。其主要研究内容为视景仿真系统、动态驾驶模拟系统的开发研究,道路交通安全评价,事故分析鉴定与再现研究和道路交通环境的变化对驾驶行为的影响。 相似文献
19.
实现了计算机辅助交警绘制道路交通事故现场图,以此提高事故现场信息收集及以现场图记录内容的效率和精度。具有基本图形绘制,人体、道路、车辆、痕迹和道路交通设施绘制,标注和文档管理等四大功能。实践表明,该系统在交警部门实际交通事故勘查中具有一定的实用推广价值。 相似文献