论学校管理中的教师管理

教师管理是学校管理的中心任务之一 ,它对提高学校的教学质量和水平有着重要作用。教师管理包括政治、思想、职业道德、心理素质、业务水平、科研活动、行为能力等多方面内容。针对教师管理中存在的问题 ,需要加强即有科学性又有艺术性的管理。     

A Gender Perspective on Teachers as Crisis Managers

Stressful conditions affect communities at different levels and may involve occupational groups not normally associated with issues of crisis and security. Teachers in the compulsory school system are members of such a group. The purpose of this study is to examine teachers’ view of their own role as crisis management actors in a female-dominated occupation. A Grounded Theory approach applying a gender perspective was used as an analytical tool for data processing. In total, 16 informants from four different schools in two different municipalities in Sweden were interviewed. The analysis of these interviews shows that teachers’ perceptions of risk, crisis, and security are influenced and characterized by social and emotional regulation aimed at (a) reducing vulnerability, (b) increasing the sense of security, and (c) regaining or restoring a sense of order and control. These strategies have been discussed from a gender perspective as teachers do not regard themselves as legitimate crisis management actors.     

学生课程成绩及学生对教师教学评价的影响因素——以劳动经济学课程为例的经验研究

对教学、教学管理及学生学习来说有两类问题值得研究:一是什么是影响学生学好某课程或专业的显著因素;二是哪些因素显著影响学生对教师教学的评价,尤其是学生的成绩是否显著影响学生对教师教学的评价。通过开设劳动经济学所获得的学生问卷数据及计量经济学的方法,对这两类问题进行了经验研究。发现:至少微观、宏观经济学和数学是学好劳动经济学的重要的课程基础,用功是学好的关键。学生从课程学习中收获大,对所学课程感兴趣且用功学习,获得较好成绩倾向给老师的教学以更好的评价。     

Women United for the United Nations: US women advocating for collective security in the cold war

This article details the creation of Women United for the United Nations (WUUN), a coalition of US women's non-governmental organizations created in the wake of the Second World War to advocate for the United Nations and the efficacy of collective security. The article illuminates the strategies the organization used to flourish in the 1950s, an era characterized by suspicion of political activism and conformity for US women. It describes WUUN's initiatives and documents the way the organization clashed with a more radical women's peace group, WOMAN. The article places the discussion of WUUN in the context of work done by other historians on the fate of other US women's organizations in the 1950s and provides a detailed account of the measures WUUN took to navigate the complexities that confronted women activists in the Cold War.     

激励因素对高校教师教学效能的影响

目前,国内有关高校教师的心理的研究多以工作满意度为核心。但对高校管理者而言,如何激励教师提高其教学效能显然更为重要。激励因素对教师教学效能有着深刻的影响,激励因素与教师效能普遍呈现正相关,提高教学成就感的激励策略对教师效能各个维度最具有预测效力。     

论高校教师在大学生社会化过程中的作用

大学时期是大学生逐渐适应社会环境,适应社会角色与道德规范,完成社会化过程的关键时期。因此高校教师应把握好大学生的心理发展特征,通过正确的引导和影响,使大学生能顺应社会和群体的方向,符合社会道德规范的要求,完成社会角色的转变,促进大学生社会化的进程。     

Violent Video Games as Exemplary Teachers: A Conceptual Analysis

This article presents conceptual and empirical analyses of several of the “best practices” of learning and instruction, and demonstrates how violent video games use them effectively to motivate learners to persevere in acquiring and mastering a number of skills, to navigate through complex problems and changing environments, and to experiment with different identities until success is achieved. These educational principles allow for the generation of several testable hypotheses, two of which are tested with samples of 430 elementary school children (mean age 10 years), 607 young adolescents (mean age 14 years), and 1,441 older adolescents (mean age 19 years). Participants were surveyed about their video game habits and their aggressive cognitions and behaviors. The first hypothesis is based on the principle that curricula that teach the same underlying concepts across contexts should have the highest transfer. Therefore, students who play multiple violent video games should be more likely to learn aggressive cognitions and behaviors than those who play fewer. The second hypothesis is based on the principle that long-term learning is improved the more practice is distributed across time. Therefore, students who play violent video games more frequently across time should be more likely to learn aggressive cognitions and behaviors than those who play the same types of games for equivalent amounts of time but less frequently. Both hypotheses were supported. We conclude by describing what educators can learn from the successful instructional and curriculum design features of video games.

加强和改进高校师德建设问题研究

教育大计,教师为本;教师大计,师德为本。高校教师是我国高等教育发展的主力军,是师德建设的践行者。高校师德建设不仅关系到教师面向社会大众的形象维护,更关系到我国教育事业发展和创新型国家战略的建设。因此,加强和改进师德建设对高校教育教学发展,提升教师职业素养有着非常重要的意义。     

论友善型师生关系的构建

构建友善型师生关系,即构建互尊、互识、互爱、互善的师生关系,是培育和践行社会主义友善价值观的应然需要,也是化解当前我国部分师生关系紧张的现实需要。具体构建路径包括:坚持师生共建,发挥教师和学生在构建友善型师生关系中的主体作用;优化学校环境,发挥学校友善制度、文化、设施在构建友善型师生关系中的强化作用;注重联动配合,发挥家庭和社会在构建友善型师生关系中的协同作用。     

Workers and technological change in the United States

Abstract

In this paper, we put forward a theoretical framework for understanding a positive relationship between labor laws and innovation and rigorously test it against both historical and empirical data. We show how several periods in the economic history of the United States – like the increase in slave-field hand productivity in cotton picking in the Antebellum South, the transition in the North from artisanal shops to nonmechanized factories, the increase in productivity in mechanized textile factories in the Northeast in the late Antebellum period, and the increase in productivity in sharecropping after the Civil War – can be understood, at least partially, through our theoretical framework. To build further support for the framework, we empirically analyze how change in labor laws during the early twentieth century affected patent issuance by state. And we also look at how changes in worker power, as proxied by strike activity, affected patent issuance by industry between the early twentieth century and 1980.     

高校教职工读书状况调研与分析——以北大医学部机关为例

在高等学校,促进教职工阅读对提升学校管理人员素质和管理水平具有重要意义.通过对北京大学医学部机关职工图书接触率、认识程度、阅读渠道和阅读偏爱等方面的调研,探讨职工阅读基本情况,并对制约因素和需求进行分析,有针对性地提出提升阅读水平的策略和建议.     

成人远程英语教育中教师的职能与定位

随着我国成人教育的发展和科技水平的不断提高，现代成人远程教育得到了很大的发展，传统的教学模式，教学手段和教师的角色定位也随之发生了相应的变化，从以教师讲授为主转变为以学生为学习主体和中心。成人远程英语教育交互性的新特点和新模式，使远程英语教育中的教师产生新的职能与定位。     

高校教师非正常流动的对策研究

组织的法律地位是由其承担的社会功能以及为保证这些功能而配置的权利(权力)所规定的,而法律地位又决定了该组织对内对外的管理权限.法律地位及其组织形态是进一步深入研究该组织内部成员的权利义务和管理模式的基点.高校有着公法社团法人的法律定位,同样存在高校教师非正常流动的问题.