A Soviet analysis of racial prejudice

The persecution of Christian sects such as Jehovah's Witnesses and Seventh Day Adventists in totalitarian societies is a neglected subject. In Hitler's Germany, some refused to compromise and suffered the fate of Jews, Gypsies and homosexuals. Others were tempted to buy a stay of execution and publicly adopted elements of national‐socialist ideology.     

Subsidized housing and neighborhood racial transition: An empirical investigation

Abstract

Popular wisdom has it that the development of project‐based assisted housing will cause whites to flee or avoid the surrounding neighborhood, leading to rapid racial transition. This article examines the question of whether the development of several types of project‐based, federally assisted housing had an impact on neighborhood racial transition during the 1980s. In general, the development of assisted housing in a neighborhood did not lead to racial transition, nor did it approach levels suggesting “white flight” in the few instances where racial transition did occur.

The results of our analysis suggest that one of the major criticisms of project‐based assisted housing—that it contributes to racial segregation by causing white flight—is not supported by empirical evidence.     

Policy directions concerning racial discrimination in U.S. housing markets

Abstract

This paper presents a catalog of 34 different proposed research and direct action policies aimed at futhering the two basic goals of public antidiscrimination policies: (1) ending unequal treatment of households in housing transactions because of their race or ethnicity, and (2) counteracting existing racial residential segregation by promoting stable racial integration. These 34 proposals have been derived from the many papers in this volume, plus a few suggestions by the author.

Each proposal is evaluated against five specific criteria of desirability: potential effectiveness, government costs, private‐sector costs, ease of implementation, and political feasibility. A final overall evaluation of each is made, and all policies are divided into three priority categories: high, moderate, and low. Many recommended policies are synergistic. This whole effort should have very high overall priority in American social policy.     

The nation under threat: secularist,racial and populist nativism in the Netherlands

ABSTRACT

Right-wing discourses and issues of belonging and collective identity in Europe’s political and public spheres are often analysed in terms of Islamophobia, racism and populism. While acknowledging the value of these concepts, Ke?i? and Duyvendak argue that these discourses can be better understood through the logic of nativism. Their article opens with a conceptual clarification of nativism, which they define as an intense opposition to an internal minority that is seen as a threat to the nation due to its ‘foreignness’. This is followed by the analysis of nativism’s three subtypes: secularist nativism, problematizing particularly Islam and Muslims; racial nativism, problematizing black minorities; and populist nativism, problematizing ‘native’ elites. The authors show that the logic of nativism offers the advantages of both analytical precision and scope. The article focuses on the Dutch case as a specific illustration of a broader European trend.     

Riots,disasters and racism: impending racial cataclysm and the extreme right in the United States

ABSTRACT

Three events in late 2005—Hurricane Katrina and its aftermath in New Orleans, the Muslim riots in the suburbs of Paris, and the Cronulla ‘uprising’ in Australia—were interpreted by the American extreme right as confirmation of a long-feared impending racial cataclysm. Michael and Mulloy examine analyses of these events from various representatives of the American extreme right. While the mainstream media were often diffident about reporting frankly on the more sensitive implications of these events, this phenomenological approach may provide insight on how various controversial issues—such as immigration, race and multiculturalism—impinge on contemporary American society, culture and politics.     

Impacts of housing and mortgage market discrimination racial and ethnic disparities in homeownership

Abstract

There are persistent differences in homeownership rates across racial and ethnic groups. Homeownership rates for whites are over 20 percentage points higher than for blacks or Hispanics. This paper uses a model of the housing tenure decision to gain a better understanding of these racial and ethnic differentials in homeownership and employs a decomposition technique that has been applied to labor market discrimination to report the results of the empirical testing of two hypotheses: (1) race (ethnicity) influences the probability of ownership through differences in household endowments (income, education, age, gender, and family type) and market endowments (price and location); and (2) race (ethnicity) directly influences the probability of ownership through racial or ethnic discrimination and other factors that may be correlated with race or ethnicity.

We find endowment effects important in explaining the persistent racial and ethnic disparities in homeownership. In brief, logit analysis of 1989 American Housing Survey (AHS) national sample data reveals that 81 percent (78 percent) of the differences between the predicted probability of ownership between black and white households (Hispanic/non‐Hispanic) are due to differences in group endowments. Direct effects explain 19 percent of the black‐white differentials and 22 percent of the Hispanic/non‐Hispanic differentials. Because the direct effects are modeled as residual differences, it must be realized that the residual components could also be capturing the influence of important omitted or harder to measure variables internal to the market process and correlated with race or ethnicity. These include wealth, household location, employment history, credit history, and cultural predisposition toward homeownership.     

Is racial separation inevitable and legal?

Her major publications include Dilemmas of Black Politics: Issues of Leadership and Strategy(1993) and The Making of Energy and Telecommunications Policy(1995).     

The role of social science in the legitimation of racial hierarchy

Despite its repudiation of scientific racism, the liberal paradigm on race had two fateful flaws:

• 1.1) it conceptualized racism in terms of attitudes rather than conditions, and
• 2.2) it failed to specify what elements of “environment” accounted for persistent racial inequalities. The result has been another victim-blaming paradigm that merely substituted culture for genes, deflecting attention away from the crucial role that political and economic institutions play in the production and reproduction of racial inequality.

     

References to racial issues

This paper explores the readiness with which the issue of race comes to the minds of ordinary Americans—the accessibility of racial issues—by assessing the frequency with which ordinary Americans refer to racial issues when talking about politics. Explicitly racial issues have declined dramatically in accessibility among the general public over the past thirty years. Coinciding with the decrease in the accessibility of issues explicitly involving race there has been some increase in the accessibility of other issues—crime, poverty, and welfare—that some regard as code words with which whites communicate, in socially acceptable language, continued anxiety about race. There is little evidence, however, that many white Americans use references to such issues to express hostility toward black Americans. Contrary to some interpretations of recent presidential elections, moreover, the increased accessibility of such issues has not produced a windfall of votes for the Republicans.Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the 1992 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Chicago, Illinois, September 3–6, and at the 1993 conference of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, St. Charles, Illinois, May 20–23.     

Noam Chomsky's politics

Karen J. Warren: Ecological Feminist Philosophies . Bloomington, Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1996.

Nicholas Low and Brendan Gleeson: Justice, Society and Nature: An Exploration of Political Ecology. London and New York: Routledge, 1998.

Robert Elliot: Faking Nature: The Ethics of Environmental Restoration. London: Routledge, 1997.

Barbara Noske: Beyond Boundaries: Humans and Animals. Montreal: Black Rose Books, 1997.

Herman E. Daly and Kenneth N. Townsend, eds.: Valuing the Earth: Economics, Ecology, Ethics. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1993

Steven Mark Cohn: Too Cheap to Meter: An Economic and Philosophical Analysis. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1997.

Jesse Vorst, Ross Dobson, and Ron Fletcher, eds: Green on Red: Evolving Ecological Socialism. Winnipeg/Halifax: Society for Socialist Studies/Fernwood Publishing, 1993.     

Reply

Sandra Steingraber: Living Downstream: An Ecologist Looks at Cancer and the Environment . New York: Addison Wesley, 1997.

Rodney Barker: And The Waters Turned to Blood . New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997.

Richard Grove: Ecology, Climate and Empire: Colonialism and Global Environmental History 1400–1940 . Cambridge: White Horse Press, 1997.

Richard Primack, David Bray, Hugo Galletti and Ismael Ponciano: Timber, Tourists and Temples: Conservation and Development in the Maya Forest of Belize, Guatemala and Mexico . Washington, DC: Island Press, 1998.

Alan Weisman: Gaviotas: A Village to Reinvent the World. Chelsea Green Publications, 1998.

Pierre McDonagh and Andrea Prothero, eds.: Green Management: A Reader . London: Dryden Press, Harcourt Brace, 1997.

Vandana Shiva: Biopiracy: The Plunder of Nature and Knowledge . Boston: South End Press, 1997.     

On Sugar,Capitalism, and Socialism

Elinor G. K. Melville: A Plague of Sheep: Environmental Consequences of the Conquest of Mexico . New York: Cambridge University Press, 1994

Douglas Murray: Cultivating Crisis: The Human Cost of Pesticides in Latin America ,Austin: University of Texas Press, 1994

Wes Jackson: Becoming Native to this Place . Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1994.

Jeremy Brecher and Tim Costello: Global Village or Global Pillage: Economic Reconstruction From Ground Up .Boston: South End Press, 1994.

Wolfgang Sachs, editor: Global Ecology: A New Arena of Political Conflict . London and New Jersey: Zed Books and Halifax, Nova Scotia: Fernwood Publishing, 1993.

John Walton: Western Times and Water Wars: State, Culture, and Rebellion in California . Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1992.

Brendan Prendiville: Environmental Politics in France . Boulder, Co.: Westview Press, 1994.     

Book reviews

Gilles Deleuze and the Question of Philosophy PHILIP GOODCHILD London: Associated University Presses, 1996

Baudelaire and Schizoanalysis: The Sociopoetics of Modernism EUGENE HOLLAND Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1993

Australian Television and International Mediascapes STUART CUNNINGHAM & ELIZABETH JACKA Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 1996

Sociolingwistics and Language History: Studies based on the Corpus of Early English Correspondence TERTTU NEVALAINEN & HELENA RAUMOLIN‐BRUNBERG (Eds) Language and Computers: Studies in Practical Linguistics No 15, Amsterdam/Atlanta., GA: Rodopi, 1996

Fear of the Dark. ‘Race’, Gender and Sexuality in the Cinema LOLA YOUNG London and New York: Routledge, 1996

Deleuze: A Critical Reader PAUL PATTON (Ed.) Oxford: Blackwell, 1996

A Guattari Reader GARY GENOSKO (Ed.) Oxford: Blackwell, 1996

Counterworks. Managing the Diversity of Knowledge R. FARDON (Ed.) London: Routledge, 1995     

Earth and Spirit

Reiner Grundmann: Marxism &; Ecology. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1991.

Dennis Hardy: From New Towns to Green Politics. London: Chapman and Hall, 1991.

Joost Hermand: Gruene Utopien in Deutschland: Zur Geschichte des oekologischea Bewusstseins. Frankfurt: Fischer, 1991.     

Water law and the American West(s)

Donald J. Pisani: To Reclaim a Divided West: Water, Law, and Public Policy, 1848–1902. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1992.

John Hart: Storm Over Mono: The Mono Lake Battle and the California Water Future. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.

Arthur L. Littleworth and Eric L. Garner: California Water. Point Arena, CA: Solano Press Books, 1995.     

Book Reviews

Arran Gare: NIHILISM, INC.: Environmental Destruction and the Metaphysics of Sustainability. Como, New South Wales, Australia: Eco‐Logical Press, 1996.

David Harvey: Justice, Nature and the Geography of Difference. Oxford: Blackwell, 1996.

David Macauley, editor: Minding Nature: The Philosophers of Ecology. New York: The Guilford Press, 1996.

Daniel M. Herman and John T. O'Connor: Who Owns the Sun? People, Politics, and the Struggle for a Solar Economy. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green Publishing, 1996.

Harold Crooks: Giants of Garbage: The Rise of the Global Waste Industry and the Politics of Pollution Control. Toronto: Lorimer, 1993

Sudhir Chella Rajan: The Enigma of Automobility: Democratic Politics and Pollution Control. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1996.

Garrett Hardin: Living Within Limits: Ecology, Economics, and Population Taboos. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.     

The Land of Henry George

Andrew McLaughlin: Regarding Nature: Industrialism and Deep Ecology .Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1993

Raymond A. Rogers: Nature and the Crisis of Modernity: A Critique of Contemporary Discourse on Managing the Earth .Montreal: Black Rose Books, 1994.

Mark Dowie: Losing Ground: American Environmentalism at the Close of the Twentieth Century .Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995.

Luke Martell: Ecology and Society: An Introduction .London: Polity Press, 1995.     

Political ecology of industrial tree plantations and large dams

Ricardo Carrere and Larry Lohman: Pulping the South: Industrial Tree Plantations and the World Paper Economy. London and New Jersey: Zed Books, 1996.

Patrick McCully: Silenced Rivers: The Ecology and the Politics of Large Dams. London and New Jersey: Zed Books, 1996.     

Civil liberties and the left

Mzwanele Mayekiso, Township Politics: Civic Struggles for a New South Africa. Monthly Review Press: New York. 1996. pp. 288. (foreword by Mel King)

Culture and Cultural Politics in Early Modern England, Edited by Susan D. Amussen and Mark A. Kishlansky. (Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, 1995)

Modernization and the Production of Power

Kevin A. Yelvington, Producing Power: Ethnicity, Gender, and Class in a Caribbean Workplace (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1995), 286 pp.

Milagros Pena, Theologies and Liberation in Peru: The Role of Ideas in Social Movements (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1995), 222 pp.

Partha Chatterjee (ed), Texts of Power: Emerging Disciplines in Colonial Bengal (Minneapolis: The University of Minnesota Press, 1995), 220 pp.

Carol A. Breckenridge (ed.), Consuming Modernity: Public Culture in South Asia (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1995), 261 pp.

Sara Diamond, Roads to Dominion: Right‐Wing Movements and Political Power in the United States. (New York: The Guilford Press, 1995. pp. 445. $19.95.)     

Environmentalism: Movements,rhetorics, representations

Leif Ohlsson, ed., Hydropolitics: Conflicts Over Water as a Development Constraint. London: Zed Books, 1995.

John M. Donahue and Barbara Rose Johnston, eds., Water, Culture, &; Power: Local Struggles in a Global Context. Covelo, CA: Island Press, 1998.