Genetic polymorphism of 30 autosomal InDel loci in Chinese Hainan Li population

A novel genetic marker, Insertion/Deletion polymorphism (InDel) shows remarkable potential for forensic DNA applications. Hainan Island is the southernmost and the second largest island in China, of which the Li ethnic group is regarded as the original inhabitants. In this study, 207 individual samples of Li ethnic group from Hainan were genotyped using Investigator DIPplex kit which contains 30 autosomal InDels and Amelogenin. Allele frequency and forensic parameters were calculated for these loci. Several deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) may indicate founder effect in the Li ethnic group. The combined power of discrimination (CPD) and the cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) reached 0.99999999992912 and 0.9861, respectively. These results suggested that the kit was effective for personal identification in Hainan Li population. The population comparisons through the Nei’s standard genetic distance (R_st), phylogenetic tree, multidimensional scaling analysis (MDS), principal component analysis (PCA), and STRUCTURE analyses along continental divisions manifested that the 30 InDels panel had a certain intercontinental differentiation ability.     

Comprehensive analyses for genetic diversities of 19 autosomal STRs in Chinese Kazak group and its phylogenetic relationships with other continental populations

Short tandem repeats (STRs) play an essential role in forensic genetics due to their high degree of polymorphisms, wide distributions and easy detection method. In this study, allelic frequencies and forensic statistical parameters of the 19 autosomal STR loci in a Kazak ethnic group were calculated, and its genetic relationships with reference populations were assessed in order to understand population structure better and enrich population genetic data for forensic practice in Chinese Kazak ethnic group. There were 226 identified alleles with the corresponding allelic frequencies ranging from 0.0008 to 0.5295 in the 628 unrelated healthy Kazak individuals in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. All autosomal STRs were conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni’s correction. The cumulative power of discrimination and the combined probability of exclusion of all the 19 autosomal STRs were 0.999 999 999 999 999 999 999 997 162 and 0.999 999 994 484, respectively. Furthermore, the D_A distances and Fixation index values of pairwise populations, principal component analysis, multidimensional scaling analysis, phylogenetic tree analysis and structure analysis were conducted to probe the genetic relationships between the Kazak group and other reference populations. The population genetic results showed that these 19 autosomal STR loci were characterised by high genetic diversities in the Kazak group. Furthermore, the studied Kazak group had close genetic relationships with the Uyghur group and the Uzbek group. The present results may facilitate understanding the genetic background of the Chinese Xinjiang Kazak group.     

云南玉溪汉族15个STR基因座多态性及遗传关系分析

目的调查玉溪汉族人群15个STR基因座的遗传多态性,并分析与国内部分地区汉族群体的遗传关系。方法采用AmpFLSTR Identifiler试剂盒,复合扩增15个STR基因座,计算基因频率及法医学参数;收集国内其他10个群体的遗传学资料进行遗传距离和聚类分析。结果玉溪汉族群体15个STR基因座等位基因及基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律,PD值在0.790 6～0.968 1之间,PE值在0.315 9～0.733 5之间,PIC值在0.554 6～0.856 4之间,15个基因座累积个体识别力为0.999 999 999 999 999 99,累积非父排除率为0.999 998。不同地区汉族群体间遗传距离分析提示,玉溪汉族与成都汉族遗传距离最近(0.004 0),其次是河南(0.004 5)和潮汕(0.004 7);内蒙古最远(0.036 1)。结论云南玉溪汉族15个STR基因座具有较高的遗传多态性,适于该群体的法医学应用,遗传关系分析结果可为该群体的起源、迁徙及与其他群体的遗传关系分析提供参考。     

30个 InDels在中国三个民族的遗传学调查及法医学应用

目的调查Qiagen Investigator@ DIPplex试剂盒30个InDels多态性位点在中国汉族、藏族、维吾尔族人群中的群体遗传学数据,评估其法医学应用价值。方法采集汉、藏、维吾尔族各90名无关个体静脉血,提取DNA。使用3130xL毛细管电泳对该270份样品进行分型,通过统计计算相关的群体遗传学参数。结果实验得到270份样品的分型及基因型频率,30个InDels未明显偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡及连锁平衡,在汉族、藏族、维吾尔族三个人群中的随机匹配概率分别为1.42×10（-11）、7.19×10（-12）、4.74×10（-13）,累积非父排除率（CPE）均大于0．9951。结论该组插入缺失位点在中国的汉族、藏族、维吾尔族人群中具有较高的多态性,能达到较高的个体识别能力,可以作为现有STR检验体系的补充。     

湖南汉族人群21个STR基因座的遗传多态性(英文)

目的调查湖南地区汉族人群21个STR基因座(D3S1358、D13S317、D7S820、D16S539、Penta E、D2S441、TPOX、TH01、D2S1338、CSF1PO、Penta D、D10S1248、D19S433、v WA、D21S11、D18S51、D6S1043、D8S1179、D5S818、D12S391和FGA)的遗传多态性。方法共采集560例湖南汉族健康无关个体血液样本,使用Chelex-100法提取DNA,应用AGCU EX22试剂盒及9700 PCR扩增仪进行复合扩增,扩增产物使用310遗传分析仪进行分离分析。结果共发现248个等位基因,等位基因频率分布在0.001~0.518。除Penta E(P=0.023)外,其余基因座的基因型分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。21个基因座的累积个人识别率、累积非父排除率、累积匹配率分别为0.999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 8、0.999 999 998和1.36×10-25。结论 21个STR基因座在湖南汉族人群中呈高度多态性。本研究可为法医学个人识别及亲子鉴定提供有价值的数据及理论基础。     

岫岩满族9个STR基因座遗传多态性

目的用复合荧光扩增体系调查辽宁鞍山岫岩满族无关个体D6S1043、D7S3048、D9S925、D11S2368、D14S608、D15S659、D17S1290、D20S470和GATA198805等9个STR基因座的遗传多态性。方法用本实验室构建的9个常染色体STR基因座荧光复合扩增体系．对辽宁鞍山岫岩满族252个...     

67个X-SNP位点的分型检测和连锁不平衡检验

目的 筛选一组在中国汉族人群中具有法医学应用前景的X-SNP位点.方法 根据dbSNP和HapMap两个数据库提供的位点信息和频率数据从X染色体上筛选出67个候选X-SNP位点,采用多重PCR联合基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱技术检测中国汉族人群428名无关个体,获得67个候选X-SNP位点在中国汉族人群中的频率数据...     

贵州汉族19个STR基因座多态性及法医学应用

目的调查19个常染色体STR基因座在贵州汉族人群中的等位基因分布,评估其在法医学中的应用价值。方法应用Goldeneye~(TM) DNA身份鉴定系统20A试剂盒,研究贵州520名汉族无关健康个体19个常染色体STR基因座多态性。用310型遗传分析仪进行毛细管电泳,Gene Mapper~ID v3.1进行基因分型。结果 19个常染色体STR基因座的杂合度为0.603 8~0.916 4,个体识别率为0.790 0~0.985 6,非父排除率为0.295 5~0.826 9,多态信息含量为0.553 5~0.908 9,累积个体识别率为1-1.230 0×10~(-22),累积非父排除率为0.999 999 99。贵州汉族和其他五个地域的汉族两两之间等位基因频率比较,仅贵州汉族与山东汉族、辽宁汉族、山西汉族之间存在基因频率差异具有统计学意义。结论 D19S433等19个常染色体STR基因座在贵州汉族人群中具有良好的遗传多态性,对群体遗传学和法医物证学研究有应用价值。     

Genetic polymorphisms of 16 X-STR loci in the Hani population from Southwest China

X chromosomal short tandem repeats (X-STRs) have the characteristics of both autosomal and uniparental genetic markers and have been shown to be particularly useful in forensic casework. However, relevant research or reports have not focused on X-STRs in the Hani population. To investigate the genetic variation and forensic efficiency of 16 X-STR loci in the Hani ethnic minority, we calculated the allele frequencies and forensic parameters of 451 (116 males and 335 females) unrelated healthy Hani individuals from Yunnan Province, Southwest China. All these loci are highly polymorphic in Hani individuals in Yunnan Province except DXS6800. The combined power of discrimination in males (PD_M) and power of discrimination in females (PD_F) were found to be 0.999 999 998 433 993 and 0.999 999 999 999 998, respectively. Furthermore, a population genetic structure investigation between the Yunnan Hani population and another 18 populations was performed using a principal component analysis, multidimensional scaling plot and neighbouring-joining phylogenetic tree and the findings illustrated that neighbouring populations and different nationalities in the same area appeared to have a closer evolutionary relationship. This study provides the first batch of X chromosome genetic polymorphism data of the Hani population in Yunnan Province, Southwest China and enriches the reference database of the Chinese minority population.

Key points

• This is the first study of X-STR in the Hani population.
• We calculated the allele frequencies and forensic parameters of 451 unrelated healthy Hani individuals from Yunnan Province, Southwest China.
• All these loci are highly polymorphic in Hani individuals in Yunnan Province except DXS6800.
• The genetic relationship between the Hani and other 18 nationalities was analyzed.
• This study provides the first batch of X chromosome genetic polymorphism data of the Hani population in Yunnan Province, Southwest China and enriches the reference database of the Chinese minority population.

     

基于38-plex InDels的青海地区三个族群遗传推断

目的 基于38-plex InDels族群推断体系研究青海地区汉族、回族及撒拉族的族群成分与遗传结构.方法 使用38-plex InDels复合扩增体系检测3个族群的220份样本并获取InDels位点分型,利用主成分分析、STRUCTURE聚类分析及系统发育树综合分析族群之间的遗传关系,使用族群推断软件DAA v1.0...     

中国南方两汉族群体的19个STR基因座的特征分析

目的 获得南方汉族群体的基因多态性信息,分析16个东亚各人群的族源关系.方法 2018年3～7月收集贵州省和江西省汉族群体中健康且无亲缘关系的720份个体血液样本,其中贵州省407份,江西省313份.使用短串联重复序列(STR)试剂盒扩增检测样本,获得法医学参数;通过文献获取湖北汉族,湖南汉族,四川汉族,重庆汉族,贵州...     

Population genetics of 25 Y-STR loci in Chinese Han population from Liaoning Province,Northeast China

In this study, we investigated the genetic characteristics of 25 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat loci in 305 unrelated Chinese Han male individuals from Liaoning Province, using AmpFISTR® Yfiler® Plus amplification kit. A total of 293 different haplotypes were observed at the 25 Y-STR loci; among them, 281 were unique and 12 were occurred twice. The overall haplotype diversity was 0.9997 and the discrimination capacity was 0.9607. The gene diversity values ranged from 0.4525 (DYS391) to 0.9617 (DYS385). Population relationships between our data and other published populations were measured by Rst and visualized in two multi-dimensional scaling plots. The results showed that the 25 Y-STR loci in Liaoning Han population are valuable for forensic application and human genetics.     

应用Ion Torrent PGM~(TM)平台检测中国汉族124个身份鉴定SNPs

目的应用Ion Torrent PGM~(TM)测序平台检测中国汉族群体124个身份鉴定SNPs(individual identification SNPs,IISNP)的多态性信息。方法采用Ion Ampliseq~(TM)Library试剂盒对中国汉族130个无关个体样本及2个家系共8个个体的124个SNPs(90个常染色体SNPs和34个Y染色体SNPs)进行复合扩增,在Ion Torrent PGM~(TM)测序平台上检测。结果中国汉族130个无关个体应得14 148个SNP分型,其中软件给出分型结果14 086个,正确14 085个(99.992 9%),分型偏倚1例(0.007 1%)。软件未报SNP分型62例,需人工校正分析。在90个常染色体SNPs中,MP值最高为0.817 3(rs740910),最低为0.348 0(rs2831700),CMP为6.8984×10~(-34);DP值最高为0.652 0(rs1355366),最低为0.182 7(rs727811),CDP为0.999 999 999 999 999 999 999999 999 999 999 310 2,高于22个STRs的CDP;PE值最高为0.278 1(rs1058083),最低为0.007 3(rs1024116),CPE为0.999 999 616 7,低于22个STRs的CPE。在34个Y-SNPs中,72个中国汉族男性无关个体共观察到8种单倍型。家系样本分型结果未发现突变,均符合遗传规律。结论 124个身份鉴定SNPs在中国汉族群体中具有良好的遗传多态性,是理想的个体识别遗传标记。Ion Torrent PGM~(TM)平台在法庭科学领域有较好的应用价值。     

Development of 30 InDel markers typing system and genetic analysis in five different Chinese populations

Allele frequencies of 30 InDel markers previously selected and validated for forensic purpose were assessed in 419 unrelated individuals originating from five different populations of Chinese Han, Chinese Hui, Uighur, Mongolian and Tibetan in P.R. China. Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium tests and linkage disequilibrium analysis were performed and the results showed that allele frequency distributions of the 30 InDel markers had meet the genetic equilibrium in all of the five populations and the InDel markers on same chromosome did not generate any linkage block. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that genetic variation among the 5 studied populations represent only 4.00% of the total genetic diversity. We observed the cumulative power of discrimination (CPD) for each studied population was 0.99999999999841 in Chinese Han population, 0.99999999999690 in Chinese Hui population, 0.99999999999709 in Uighur population, 0.99999999999772 in Mongolian population and 0.99999999999854 in Tibetan population.     

Inferring recent human phylogenies using forensic STR technology

STR loci are characterized by extremely high mutation rates and thus, high levels of length polymorphism both within and among populations. In addition, much of the observed variation is believed to be nearly selectively neutral. Because of these features, STRs are ideal markers for genetic mapping, intra-species phylogenetic reconstructions and forensic analysis. In the present study, we investigate the application of five STR loci (CS1PO, TH01, TPOX, FGA and vWA) routinely used in forensic analysis for delineating the phylogenetic relationships of 10 human populations representing the three major racial groups (African-Caribbean, Croatian from the island of Hvar, East Asian, Han Chinese, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, UK Caucasian, US Caucasian and Zimbabwe). The resulting tree topology exhibited strong geographic and racial partitioning consistent with that obtained with mtDNA haplotypes, Y-chromosome markers, SNPs, PAIs (polymorphic Alu insertions) as well as classic genetic polymorphisms. These findings suggest that forensic STR loci may be particularly powerful tools and provide the necessary fine resolution for the reconstruction of recent human evolutionary history.     

南通汉族人群17个Y-STR基因座的遗传多态性

目的分析南通汉族人群的基因表型,评测17个Y-STR基因座在南通人群中的应用价值。方法采集343名南通汉族男性无关个体的外周血样本,通过Chelex-100法提取基因组DNA,用Amp FlSTR Yfiler~(TM)试剂盒进行基因分型,并与12个汉族人群[安徽、江苏、江西、山东、上海、浙江(1)、兰州、南阳、泸州、牡丹江、山西和浙江(2)]以及9个少数民族人群(蒙古族、锡伯族、拉萨藏族、青海藏族、哈萨克族、维吾尔族、满族、台湾排湾族和土家族)进行比较。结果南通汉族群体在17个Y-STR基因座共检出327种单倍型,单倍型多样性(haplotype diversity,HD)值为0.999 7,与其他人群间的R_(st)值范围为-0.000 6~0.263 5。多维尺度图结果显示南通汉族人群与大多数汉族人群之间差异无统计学意义,但明显有别于其他少数民族人群。结论 17个Y-STR基因座在南通汉族人群中的群体多态性高,具有法医学应用价值。     

Study of the Cytochrome b Gene Sequence in Populations of Taiwan

Abstract:  The cytochrome b gene (MTCYB) has been widely used in taxonomic research. In this study, the sequence polymorphism of the MTCYB gene was determined in 417 subjects of eight populations living in Taiwan (Taiwanese Han, indigenous Taiwanese, Tao, mainland Chinese, Filipino, Thai, Vietnamese, and Caucasian). Sequence variation from the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence and genetic distance between these populations were analyzed. There were 108 variable positions with a total of 99 haplotypes. Population-specific positions of MTCYB gene were noted in Tao and Caucasian populations. There were statistically significant differences of genetic distance between Taiwanese Han and Caucasian, between Taiwanese Han and Tao, and between Taiwanese Han and Filipino. A phylogenetic tree presents the genetic distances between these populations. In conclusion, there are sufficient sequence polymorphisms of the MTCYB gene in individuals of different populations, which may be used in the analyses of human ethnic groups in forensic casework.     

广东汉族群体24个Y-STR基因座的多态性及突变率

目的调查24个Y-STR基因座在广东汉族群体中的遗传多态性和突变现象。方法收集800对经常染色体STR检验确定父子关系的血滤纸样本,用于突变现象观察;其中父亲样本视为无关个体,用于多态性调查。采用GFS 24Y荧光标记复合扩增体系进行扩增及Y-STR分型,并对分型结果进行相关统计分析。结果 800名广东汉族男性无关个体在24个Y-STR基因座中共检出794种单倍型,其中788种为唯一单倍型,总的单倍型多样性（HD）和识别能力（DC）分别为0.999 98和0.992 5。24个基因座共检出296个等位基因,基因多样性值（GD）在0.552 1-0.960 9之间。800对父子中共19 219次等位基因传递中,观察到41对父子共42个突变事件,各基因座总突变率为2.185 310^-3（95%CI 1.575 410^-3-2.952 810^-3）。结论本研究24个Y-STR基因座在广东汉族群体具有较高的遗传多态性,在法医学个体识别、父系亲缘关系鉴定等方面具有很高的应用价值。     

中国汉族与日本群体DYFl55S1基因座的遗传多态性

目的探讨Y染色体DYF155S1基因座的遗传多态性及群体间差异。方法 应用MVR-PCR、荧光显谱及DNA序列分析技术,对来自中国群体(北方汉族,64例)和日本群体(43例)男性个体的DYF155S1基因座进行初步分析。结果107例样本共检出了5种重复序列类型,包括新的命名为6型的重复序列,它是在1型的基础上T22A置换所形成,仅存在于日本群体,可作为民族特征性遗传标记。2群体重复序列的排列方式以3134顺序为主,在中国和日本群体中各占73.44％和67.44％,是黄种人的特点。134顺序在中国群体中占第二位,为17.19％,6134排列占日本群体的16.28％。3’端的4型重复序列的平均数目在日本群体为8.8条,明显低于中国群体的12.5条。结论DYF155S1基因座具有非常高的遗传多态性和明显的群体差异。     

中国青海藏族、汉族mtDNA控制区遗传多态性

目的研究中国青海藏族、汉族mtDNA控制区遗传多态性。方法收集69份青海藏族和青海汉族无关人群外周血样本，对其mtDNA控制区进行序列分析，计算多个多态性指标。结合其他民族mtDNA遗传资料，根据Nei法计算包括青海藏族和汉族群体在内的11个群体之间的Fst和Rst遗传距离．进行聚类分析，绘制系统发生树。结果在青海藏族和汉族群体mtDNA控制区中分别发现56和59个多态性位点。Rst遗传距离显示青海藏族人群与各人群之间遗传距离均较远（P〈0．05）；青海汉族人群与西安汉族、蒙古族、长沙汉族等人群之间距离较近（P〉0．05）。结论我国青海藏族和汉族人群mtDNA具有相对独特的遗传特征，其遗传多态性和个体识别力较高，可用于民族起源、迁徙、法医学个体识别等领域研究。