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1.
Richard M. Lerner Alexander von Eye Jacqueline V. Lerner Selva Lewin-Bizan Edmond P. Bowers 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(7):707-719
We introduce this special issue on the foundations and functions of adolescent thriving by summarizing the developmental systems
theory-based, positive youth development (PYD) perspective. The PYD perspective frames much of contemporary research about
health and positive development across the adolescent period and, more specifically, frames the 4-H Study of PYD, the data
set from which the empirical work in this special issue is drawn. We discuss the different ways in which the articles in this
special issue elucidate different facets of the PYD perspective. In addition, we summarize the implications of this research
for future scholarship and for applications aimed at improving the life chances of diverse adolescents. 相似文献
2.
G. John Geldhof Edmond P. Bowers Megan Kiely Mueller Christopher M. Napolitano Kristina Schmid Callina Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(6):933-949
As developmental scientists cease to perceive adolescence as a period of inevitable turmoil and adopt the Positive Youth Development (PYD) perspective, psychometrically sound measurement tools will be needed to assess adolescents’ positive attributes. In this article we examine the longitudinal stability of the very short version of the PYD scale developed as part of the 4-H Study of PYD. Using a sample of 7,071 adolescents (60 % female) followed between Grades 5 and 12, our results suggest general stability of PYD across adolescence, both in terms of mean levels and rank-order stability. We also show that both a global measure of PYD and the individual Five Cs of PYD consistently correlate with important criterion measures (i.e., contribution, depressive symptoms, and problem behaviors) in expected ways. Although our results suggest weak relationships among our three criteria, we especially note that across adolescence PYD becomes more strongly correlated with contribution but less strongly correlated with depressive symptoms, and that confidence becomes more strongly related to depressive symptoms. We discuss implications for use of the present PYD measure in youth development programs. 相似文献
3.
Miriam R. Arbeit Sara K. Johnson Robey B. Champine Kathleen N. Greenman Jacqueline V. Lerner Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(6):971-990
Previous analyses of data from the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development (PYD) have examined concurrent trajectories of positive development and risk/problem behaviors among adolescents, finding complex and not necessarily inverse relationships among them. In this article, we expand on prior research by employing a person-centered approach to modeling risk behaviors, assessing development from approximately 6th grade through 12th grade among 4,391 adolescents (59.9 % female). Latent profiles involving the problematic behaviors of delinquency, depressive symptoms, substance use, sexual activity, disordered eating behaviors, and bullying were then assessed for concurrent relationships with the Five Cs of PYD: Competence, Confidence, Character, Caring, and Connection. We found six latent profiles, based primarily on mental health, aggression, and alcohol use, with significant differences in Confidence levels among many of the profiles, as well as some differences in the four other Cs. We discuss directions for future research and implications for application to youth policies and programs. 相似文献
4.
Ann S. Masten 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(6):1018-1024
Positive youth development (PYD) and resilience science differ in emphasis and focus but share many roots, assumptions, concepts, and goals. Both frameworks are grounded in developmental systems theory, both are focused on positive adaptation, and both are translational, sharing a common goal of promoting positive development. Yet there also are differences. This commentary examines the concepts, methods, and goals that define the PYD framework as embodied by the 4-H Study of PYD from the perspective of contemporary resilience science in human development, with an eye toward delineating similarities, differences, and future directions. 相似文献
5.
Edmond P. Bowers Sara K. Johnson Mary H. Buckingham Santiago Gasca Daniel J. A. Warren Jacqueline V. Lerner Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(6):897-918
Both parents and important non-parental adults have influential roles in promoting positive youth development (PYD). Little research, however, has examined the simultaneous effects of both parents and important non-parental adults for PYD. We assessed the relationships among youth-reported parenting profiles and important non-parental adult relationships in predicting the Five Cs of PYD (competence, confidence, connection, character, and caring) in four cross-sectional waves of data from the 4-H Study of PYD (Grade 9: N = 975, 61.1 % female; Grade 10: N = 1,855, 63.4 % female; Grade 11: N = 983, 67.9 % female; Grade 12: N = 703, 69.3 % female). The results indicated the existence of latent profiles of youth-reported parenting styles based on maternal warmth, parental school involvement, and parental monitoring that were consistent with previously identified profiles (authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved) as well as reflecting several novel profiles (highly involved, integrative, school-focused, controlling). Parenting profile membership predicted mean differences in the Five Cs at each wave, and also moderated the relationships between the presence of an important non-parental adult and the Five Cs. In general, authoritative and highly involved parenting predicted higher levels of PYD and a higher likelihood of being connected to an important non-parental adult. We discuss the implications of these findings for future research on adult influences of youth development and for programs that involve adults in attempts to promote PYD. 相似文献
6.
Edmond P. Bowers Yibing Li Megan K. Kiely Aerika Brittian Jacqueline V. Lerner Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(7):720-735
The understanding of positive development across adolescence rests on having a valid and equivalent measure of this construct across the breadth of this period of life. Does the Positive Youth Development (PYD) construct based on the Five Cs model have satisfactory psychometric properties for such longitudinal measurement invariance? Using longitudinal data derived from the 4-H Study of PYD, we assessed 920 youth (61.6% female) from a racially and ethically diverse sample (67.3% European American) who participated in three waves (Grades 8–10) of data collection. Building on prior findings that the Five Cs (i.e., Competence, Confidence, Connection, Character, and Caring) model of PYD was a robust measure that could be assessed comparably during early adolescence, we tested a hierarchy of second-order confirmatory factor analysis models to assess the extent to which PYD can be measured equivalently across middle adolescence. Evidence was found for strict measurement invariance across three measurement occasions, including equivalence of first-order and second-order factor loadings, equality of intercepts of observed variables, and equality of item uniqueness and disturbances of the first-order factors. These results suggest that PYD can be measured in the same way across measurement occasions, a prerequisite for the study of development. Implications for research and application of being able to measure PYD equivalently across adolescence are discussed. 相似文献
7.
Steinunn Gestsdottir Edmond Bowers Alexander von Eye Christopher M. Napolitano Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(7):764-782
Intentional self regulation describes how people make choices, plan actions to reach their goals, and regulate the execution
of their actions, making processes of intentional self regulation central to healthy human functioning. Prior research has
confirmed the presence of three processes of intentional self regulation—elective selection (ES), optimization (O), and compensation
(C)—in middle adolescence (Grades 8 through 10) and concurrent and predictive relationships with measures of Positive Youth
Development (PYD). A fourth process, loss-based selection (LBS), should also develop by the end of middle adolescence. The
present study used data from the 4-H Study of PYD to confirm the presence of a four-scale structure of intentional self regulation
(ES, O, C, and LBS) in a sample of 2,357 racially diverse Grade 10 youth (63% female) and examine its covariation with indicators
of positive and problematic development. Results supported the identification of a four-part structure of intentional self
regulation, and scores covaried positively with indicators of PYD and negatively with substance use, delinquency, and depressive
symptoms. Implications of the findings for the understanding of self-regulatory actions in adolescence and for future research
are discussed. 相似文献
8.
Jennifer P. Agans Robey B. Champine Lisette M. DeSouza Megan Kiely Mueller Sara Kassie Johnson Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(6):919-932
Prior research has demonstrated that participation in out-of-school time activities is associated with positive and healthy development among adolescents. However, fewer studies have examined how trajectories of participation across multiple activities can impact developmental outcomes. Using data from Wave 3 (approximately Grade 7) through Wave 8 (approximately Grade 12) of the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development, this study examined patterns of breadth in out-of-school time participation in activities and associated outcomes in positive youth development (PYD), Contribution to self and community, risk behaviors, and depressive symptoms. We assessed 927 students (on average across waves, 65.4 % female) from a relatively racially and ethnically homogeneous sample (about 74 % European American, across waves) with a mean age in Wave 3 of 12.98 years (SD = 0.52). The results indicated that high likelihood of participation in activities was consistently associated with fewer negative outcomes and higher scores on PYD and Contribution, as compared to low likelihood of participation in activities. Changes in the breadth of participation (in particular, moving from a high to a low likelihood of participation) were associated with increased substance use, depressive symptoms, and risk behaviors. Limitations of the current study, implications for future research, and applications to youth programs are discussed. 相似文献
9.
Selva Lewin-Bizan Alicia Doyle Lynch Kristen Fay Kristina Schmid Caitlin McPherran Jacqueline V. Lerner Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(7):751-763
Although the positive youth development (PYD) model initially assumed inverse links between indicators of PYD and of risk/problem
behaviors, empirical work in adolescence has suggested that more complex associations exist between trajectories of the two
domains of functioning. To clarify the PYD model, this study assessed intraindividual change in positive and problematic indicators
across Grades 5–10, and the links between these trajectories of development, among 2,516 participants from the 4-H Study of
PYD (58.1% females; 64.9% European American, 7.0% African American, 12.3% Latino/a American, 2.6% Asian American or Pacific
Islander, 1.8% Native American, 3.0% multiethnic-racial, and 8.4% with inconsistent race/ethnicity across waves). Results
from person-centered analyses indicated that most youth clustered in the high trajectories of positive indicators and in the
low trajectories of the negative ones. Consistent with past research, overlap between trajectories of positive and negative
behaviors was found. These results suggest that theory and application need to accommodate to variation in the links between
positive and problematic developmental trajectories. 相似文献
10.
Jennifer Brown Urban Selva Lewin-Bizan Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(7):783-800
Extracurricular activities provide a key context for youth development, and participation has been linked with positive developmental
outcomes. Using data from the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development (PYD), this study explored how the intentional self
regulation ability of youth interacted with participation in extracurricular activities to affect PYD among adolescents living
in neighborhoods with relatively low ecological assets. In total, 545 youth were included in the study (50.3% female). Most
of the youth were European American (41%) or Latino (37%; African American, 10%; Asian American, 7%; Native American, 4%;
and other, 1%). In general, youth with the greatest capacity to self regulate benefitted the most, as compared to their peers
with less capacity to self regulate, from involvement in extracurricular activities. Consistent with a developmental systems
perspective, and specifically with bioecological theory, the findings from this study confirmed that, within lower asset settings,
children with the most positive person-level factors (intentional self regulation) benefit the most from proximal processes
such as extracurricular activity involvement. 相似文献
11.
Jonathan Zaff Michelle Boyd Yibing Li Jacqueline V. Lerner Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(7):736-750
Civic participation does not necessarily equate to civic engagement. However, to date, integrated measures of civic engagement
that go beyond civic behaviors have not been developed. In this article, we propose an integrated construct of civic engagement,
active and engaged citizenship (AEC), that includes behavioral, cognitive, and socioemotional constructs. Using data from
909 adolescents (62.4% girls) who took part in the Grades 8–10 assessments of the longitudinal 4-H Study of Positive Youth
Development (PYD), we assessed the structure and measurement invariance of AEC. AEC was proposed as a second-order latent
construct that encompasses four first-order latent factors: Civic Duty, Civic Skills, Neighborhood Social Connection, and
Civic Participation. Measurement invariance was tested over time (from Grade 8 to Grade 10) and between boys and girls. The
results supported strong invariance of AEC over time and between sexes. Implications of AEC for future research and practice
are discussed. 相似文献
12.
The positive youth development perspective, a strength-based relational developmental systems model that focuses on mutually influential relationships between individuals and contexts, has been used to study thriving across the second decade of life. However, more attention has been paid empirically to identifying the features of the individual (e.g., intentional self regulation, hope, or purpose) or to enumerating the role of context-general ecological assets than to the nature of individual-context relationships linked to thriving within specific contexts. The goal of this special section is to provide initial research reports about context-specific instances of the thriving process. The research focuses on two contexts where many youth spend a considerable amount, and often the majority, of their time—school and out-of-school time sports activities. 相似文献
13.
Jean E. Rhodes 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(6):1025-1026
This invited commentary describes the shifts toward a more positive characterization of young people over the past 30 years. After describing the new focus on the strengths of young people and the need to ground our understanding in developmental science, it provides an overview of the major contributions of this special issue to the field of positive youth development. Taken together, the groundbreaking work on the 4-H study demonstrates the increasing methodological and statistical sophistication of this strength-based approach. 相似文献
14.
This introduction situates the articles making up this special issue within four thematic clouds, positing queer theorization as broadly relevant for critically engaging with computational technologies and culture. These sub-themes offer suggestions for future queer inquiry and praxis and reflect key terms in performance studies and queer theory that have undergone transformation with the ubiquity of digital technology. 相似文献
15.
This brief article introduces a special issue of Feminist Legal Studies addressing gender, sexuality and human rights, and comprising papers drawn from an E.S.R.C.-funded workshop held at the University of Kent in June 2004 on the theme of “Gender-Auditing the Human Rights Act”. The article begins by situating the themes of the special issue within the broader context of feminist engagement with rights discourse. It goes on to consider the introduction of the Human Rights Act 1998 into the U.K. with a view to assessing its implications in terms of engendering a positive legal and political culture for equality-seeking initiatives. The article concludes with a survey of the contributions to the special issue, highlighting the possibilities for feminist theory and strategy posed by a wider intersectional engagement with rights issues. 相似文献
16.
17.
《Women's studies international forum》2001,24(3-4):273-281
This editorial introduces 16 articles originating at the 1999 Women's Studies Network (UK) conference. It begins by telling the story of the long process by which we published the articles, considering some of the implications of this process for equality of access to the global production of knowledge in women's/gender studies. It then proposes an analytical framework for understanding this collection in terms of the development of a materialist discursive feminism. Finally, it explains how the articles have been organised, and outlines each contribution, paying attention to the way the articles are both located within and constitutive of the framework. 相似文献
18.
ABSTRACTThe Afterword discusses continuities and differences in how researchers are positioned in feminist themes and emerging feminist perspectives as they play out in debates around researcher reflexivity and diffraction as methodological strategies. The first section of the Afterword highlights the ongoing commitment to reflexivity when generating knowledge in women’s and gender history. The second part focuses on the challenge to reflexivity posed by diffractive methodologies that argue that knowledge is created from being entangled in the world, rather than reflecting on or during the production of historical work. This section discusses two examples of diffractive practice in archival research taken from the special issue. The third section outlines diffractive reading in more detail and provides two examples of diffractive reading of texts. Finally, the Afterword invites readers to undertake a diffractive reading of the articles in the special issue and provides some questions about diffraction for consideration. 相似文献
19.
This is an overview of the special Issue, Adolescents Uses of Media. The articles in the special issue are described as taking the uses and gratifications approach, which emphasizes that people make choices about the media they consume and that people differ in their interpretations of media content. The common goal of the articles is to integrate this approach with developmental perspectives on adolescence. Common themes include adolescents as active media users, the developmental context of adolescence, the cultural context of media use, and integrative and innovative methodological approaches.Received Ph.D. from University of Virginia. Research interests include adolescent reckless behavior, adolescents' uses of media, and the transition to adulthood.Received Ph.D. from University of Chicago. 相似文献
20.
The special issue on the emergence and maintenance of depression and depressive symptoms is introduced. The special issue considers two typically separate lines of research, one focusing on severe clinical depression and another on depressive symptoms. The biological, social, and cognitive factors contributing to the emergence of depression in adolescence are highlighted in this special issue.Received Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania. Research interests include biological and social development of adolescents and changes in development over a series of life cycle transitions.Received Ph.D. from the University of Chicago. Research interests include biopsychosocial aspects of adoleslcent development. 相似文献