Patents with an "I" = patients

The authors address how patent protection in the United States is often quite narrow in scope, difficult to obtain, and insufficient in duration, thus stifling research and development of potential breakthrough pharmaceuticals. The authors further posit that countries that have enacted stronger intellectual property rights and research incentives have seen tremendous increases in foreign direct investment. In addressing critics of the current patent system, the authors show that alternatives to biotechnology patents would not demonstrably improve innovation and development of beneficial medicines. The authors conclude that given the substantial evidence of the patent system's benefits, and the mere speculation that patents have a deleterious effect on patients, no suggestions currently proposed to replace or improve the patent system will have the same beneficial effects for patients.     

"I am flying to the stars"--suicide by aircraft in Germany

In 2006, 67 persons were killed in aircraft accidents in Germany and involving German aircrafts abroad. In spite of extensive investigation of each aircraft accident, there are no reliable data as to the number of suicides by aircraft. We report on a 50-year-old man who committed suicide by willfully crashing his Beech "Sierra" aircraft minutes after take off from an airport close to the town of Rendsburg, Germany. Before killing himself, the intoxicated pilot had sent an SMS announcing his suicide plans to a friend. The findings of the medico-legal investigation and the results of a review of aircraft accident reports by the German Federal Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Investigation (BFU) regarding suicidal plane crashes are presented.     

“苏丹红”给我国食品安全法律体系带来的启示

“苏丹红一号”事件再次将人们的目光锁定在食品安全问题之上。完善的法律制度体系是保障食品安全、维护人民生命健康的重要手段,透过本次“围剿苏丹红”行动中的种种现象,我们不难发现当前我国食品安全法律体系尚存在一些弊端,建立完善的食品安全法律体系是我们亟待解决的问题。     

Barcelona 2002: law, ethics, and human rights. "I have no watch, but I haven't missed a dose"

Anyone who was fortunate enough to hear Fred Minandi speak in Barcelona must have been moved by what he had to say. Mr Minandi is a person living with HIV/AIDS from Chiradzulu, Malawi, who spoke at Time to Treat: Transforming AIDS Treatment from Right to Reality, a satellite meeting of the XIV International Conference on AIDS held on 7 July 2002, and sponsored by Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) and the Health Global Access Project. His presentation is a passionate, first-hand account of how antiretroviral therapy has transformed lives, how it has given hope to people, how it has helped to reduce the stigma against AIDS in his community, and how it has contributed to prevention efforts.     

自我的本己性质及其发展阶段——一个来自胡塞尔时间现象学手稿的视角

胡塞尔发现的意识的"时间视角"现象以及提出的"关系中心说"证明了自我的确凿无疑的存在,范畴直观的方法和时间现象学的思路让胡塞尔不仅"把捉"到自我,从而把自我从意识流、意向对象、对象自我、身体以及意识行为中区分出来,而且还为自我本身的展开问题及其"原自我"、"自我"和"我们"三个阶段的划分带来了现象学的洞见。     

Definition of "positional isomer" as it pertains to the control of schedule I controlled substances. Final rule

On May 25, 2006, DEA published a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking which proposed the addition of a specific definition for the term "positional isomer" to allow for the systematic determination of which isomers of schedule I substances would be considered to be "positional," and therefore, subject to schedule I control. This rulemaking finalizes that definition. The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) and its implementing regulations specify which hallucinogenic substances are considered schedule I controlled substances. The CSA states that all salts, isomers, and salts of isomers of these substances are also schedule I controlled substances. In non-technical terms, an isomer of a substance is a different compound, but a compound which has the same number and kind of atoms. The terms "optical isomer" and "geometric isomer" are specific scientific terms and it is easy to determine whether one substance is an optical or geometric isomer of another. The term "positional isomer," however, is subject to scientific interpretation. The addition of a definition for the term "positional isomer" will assist legitimate research[ers] and industry in determining the control status of materials that are "positional isomers" of schedule I hallucinogens. While the DEA will remain the authority for ultimately determining the control status of a given material, providing a specific definition for "positional isomer" will ensure consistent criteria are utilized in making these determinations. This rule does not change existing laws, regulations, policies, processes, and procedures regarding the determination of control status for schedule I hallucinogenic substances. This rule merely makes available to the public the longstanding definition of "positional isomer" which DEA has used when making these scheduling determinations. This rule is relevant only to specialized forensic or research chemists. Most of these individuals are existing DEA registrants who are authorized by the DEA to handle schedule I hallucinogenic substances.     

案例指導制度中“應當參照”的詮釋及展開(上)

在繼承我國司法傳統經驗的基礎上,最高人民法院立足於滿足人民群眾的司法新需求和改革新期盼,經過多年的調研論證、反復徵求意見,於2010年11月15日出台了《關於案例指導工作的規定》(以下簡稱《規定》)。該規定從指導性案例的界定     

"If I lie, I tell you, may heaven and earth destroy me." Language and Legal Consciousness in Hong Kong Bilingual Common Law

Based on an ethnographic study of courtroom interactions in the bilingual (Chinese/English) common law system in Hong Kong, this article investigates how language plays a constitutive role in shaping the ways people use, argue, and think about law. While the use of English in Hong Kong prescribes by default the supposedly universal speech act of statement-making, the presence of Cantonese allows local speech acts to be brought into the courtrooms. Two local speech acts, "catching fleas in words" and "speaking bitterness," are discussed. The findings of this study suggest that by studying the local practices and beliefs in postcolonial settings, researchers can gain insights into the complex ways in which Anglo American–style legal institutions are reconstituted.