论城乡统筹战略的实施与经济法的完善

在城乡二元经济体制下,我国城乡失衡问题日益严重,十六大适时提出城乡统筹的战略思想,温家宝总理在十届全国人大三次会议上的政府工作报告中进一步提出实行工业反哺农业,城市支持农村的方针,反映了一种全新的社会发展观.经济法的目的和使命决定了它与城乡统筹发展有着天然的密切联系,经济法应与城乡统筹战略紧密结合,以使我国经济、社会能均衡、快速、稳定地发展.     

行政救济制度之完善

行政救济最重要的三项法律制度:行政诉讼、行政复议和国家赔偿,已建立实施多年,随着社会和经济建设的发展,三项制度很多方面都已不适应实践的需要。《国家赔偿法》已于2011年修改,《行政诉讼法》和《行政复议法》也亟需改革和完善。作为同是解决行政争议、化解社会矛盾的两项制度,有同有异,但具有内在的联系,应该对之作比较性研究,以期这两项制度在保护公民权利、有效化解社会矛盾中更能实现其积极效应。     

论经济法在防范金融风险中的价值功能

2008年美国金融危机的爆发,更加凸显了经济法的价值理念,同时也是对经济法价值理念的一次实践检验。经济自由与经济秩序的统一,决定了政府与金融企业行为应纳入法治轨道,并保持各自的行为边界。对金融业的监管要体现经济法的安全与效率价值,并视经济环境的需要而突出重点。实质公平公正是社会分配的基准、拉动内需的前提、引领＂效率与公平并重＂的分配原则。金融安全是经济社会发展的基础,经济法的发展理念是金融业稳健运行的支撑和保障。我国应进一步弘扬经济法的价值理念,充分发挥经济法制度的前瞻性和预防性功能。     

和谐社会建设与经济法创新

2006年,中国经济法学界按照建设和谐社会的总要求,围绕我国经济和社会发展中经济法问题展开研究,在领域的拓展、方法的创新、认识的深化等方面均取得了明显的进步,特别是总论中的理念、权利和研究方法研究,宏观调控法中的所得税法和计划法研究,市场规制法中的反垄断立法、消费者界定、证券业市场规制研究,跨领域制度中的涉农法律问题研究等。2007年经济法学研究有必要在论题的选择、方法的更新和交流的拓展方面作更多的努力。     

分配正义与收益公正分配

收益公正分配是转型时期社会公正的重要维度,维系人权保护、经济发展、社会稳定与国家治理,蕴涵着分配正义理论。多种因素决定经济法分配正义是复合正义,强化在市场分配机制基础上的国家再分配职能,以促进社会基本结构的公正。经济法分配正义理论通过奠定收益分配之理论基础,提供收益分配之制度属性的路径促进收益公正分配,进而实现以社会公正为中心的可持续经济发展,推动中国社会顺利转型。而以分配正义为衡量尺度,我国收益分配制度需要进一步完善。     

物权法视野下房屋拆迁制度的重构

在经济的迅速发展和城市的现代化进程中,房屋拆迁是一个不可避免的现象。目前我国房屋拆迁局面混乱、社会矛盾冲突激烈,严重影响到我国社会秩序的稳定和城市的建设发展,必须对其进行制度上的重建。《物权法》的颁布加大了对公民私有财产权的保护力度,开启了房屋拆迁的新模式,是一个良好的契机。但仅靠《物权法》对房屋拆迁进行规制远远不够,应当在其基本原则的指导下,对房屋拆迁明确分类,制定统一的《房屋拆迁法》,重构合法合理的房屋拆迁制度。     

试论经济法责任之独立

为了弥补传统部门法解决社会问题的无力,作为经济法逻辑内容的经济法责任的独立是必不可少的。法学界对于经济法责任的独立并没有达成共识,但历史的选择和维护社会公共利益的需要证成了经济法责任的独立。现行经济法规范中散落有许多不同于传统民法、行政法、刑法等法律责任的责任形式,对认识经济法责任的独立造成了纷扰。对经济法责任进行狭义界定,限定确立原则,同时严格的限制经济法责任是一种法定责任,无疑是解决目前经济法责任天马行空而又根基不牢问题,确立其独立性的尝试性路径。     

直面经济和社会发展中的经济法问题

2007年,中国经济法学界针对经济和社会发展中的经济法问题,展开研究,在具体问题的解决、研究领域的拓展、研究方法的更新等方面均取得了明显的进步,特别是税收法、反垄断法、特别市场规制法等。2008年经济法学研究在继续加强制度研究的同时,有必要在总论研究上有新的突破。     

'An Unqualified Human Good': E.P. Thompson and the Rule of Law

The late E.P. Thompson described himself as 'a historian in the Marxist tradition' But when he embraced the Rule of Law (in Whigs and Hunters , many of his colleagues on the left ostracized him as an apostate. This essay argues that Thompson's critics have largely misunderstood what he meant by the Rule of Law. His was a minimal and historical conception, which merely sought to distinguish states whose rulers had unfettered discretion from states whose rulers were constrained by legal rules, whatever their source and contents. Also, in contrast to other radical theorists, Thompson recognized that law would be a necessary institution in any complex society, no matter what its economic basis, to mediate social relations. The essay concludes with some thoughts about the relevancy of Thompson's conception of the Rule of Law for ongoing efforts to revitalize a more `radical liberalism'.     

证明责任之经济分析

民事诉讼所体现的价值已经不仅仅在于维护社会秩序、伸张社会正义、解决民事纠纷,随着社会的进一步的发展,诉讼效益和诉讼经济也是民事诉讼追求的价值目标之一。民事诉讼法的制定必须符合诉讼利益的最大化。法律的经济分析为改革和完善民事诉讼制度提供了方法和工具。本文在介绍法律经济学和简述证明责任概念的基础上,从提供证据责任和证明责任两方面对证明责任进行了经济分析。     

The Law and the Constitution: Manifesto of the Progressive Party

This paper analyses the argument of Jennings' path-breaking work, The Law and the Constitution , and assesses its importance. The argument of the paper is that a basic tension runs through the evolving work: between celebrating the democratic nature of the contemporary constitution whilst expressing certain concerns about democracy's potential implications. This is a tension that Jennings was never able satisfactorily to resolve. The Law and the Constitution nevertheless remains a landmark text, especially in reminding lawyers of the need to look to the social and economic explanations for constitutional change. Although the constitution Jennings was writing about has altered, his public law method of examining the purpose for which public power is acquired before reflecting on desirable constraints remains of value today.     

Justice at the confluence of law and economics

Law has long been combined with economic thought, but only recently has law been combined with economic theory. This article explores the implications of this development for theories of justice and interdisciplinary research. Value in economics is usually measured by price (the market tradition) or by satisfaction (the utilitarian tradition). The relationship of these concepts to equity in law is explored. Also explored is the relationship between bargaining theory and contractarian theories of justice. The article examines the possibility that methods and concepts developed in the economic analysis of law will prove useful to sociologists and social psychologists by contrasting the study of rational choice and the study of attitudes.     

试论跨国公司的社会责任

As for international direct investment, the transnational corporations are playing a leading role in the fields of international trade, international investment and international intellectual property. In theory and reality, this authors analyze the rationale of the social responsibilities taken by transnational corporations, the main problems in the social responsibilities of transnational corporations and the legislative status, and put forward the functions of the social responsibilities of transnational corporations in promotion of the legal construction of socialist market economy, the reform of the corporate governance and the development of transnational corporations in China. Wang Chuanli, Professor and Doctoral Supervisor of China University of Political Science and Law, Vice-chairman of China Society of International Economic Law, and Vice-chairman of Research Institute of WTO Law (China Law Society), also Arbitrator of China International Economic & Trade Arbitration Commission and Beijing Arbitration Commission. Her main publications are “The Legal Effectiveness of Foreign Economic Contracts”, “International Trade Law of Sales of Goods”, “International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights” and “International Trade Law Government Control on Business”. Moreover, she has published over ten influential discourses on international economic law. In addition, her ongoing research projects include WTO Agriculture Agreement and the Rules of International Agri-products Trade, WTO and International Core labor Standards, and the Role of Judicial Independence of European Court of Justice to Promote the Integration of Europe.     

交通肇事罪若干问题研究——兼析有关交通肇事司法解释

随着我国经济持续、快速地发展 ,人民生活水平不断提高 ,个人拥有机动车辆的比例迅速攀升 ,随之而来的形形色色的交通事故、交通肇事行为也层出不穷 ,原有的 1997年刑法所规定的交通肇事罪的相关内容已无法满足司法实践的客观需要。为此 ,最高人民法院审判委员会出台了《关于审理交通肇事刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》 ,本文将就该解释出台后所引发的一些问题进行研究和探讨。     

Obligation to medical treatment as a possibility of medical and social supervision (author's transl)]

In lectures of forensic medicine and in jurisdiction the patient's decision to release his secret records of medical examinations and treatment is considered to be an intangible right. Actually this privilege is only existing for the rich patient who can afford it to resign economic help in daily life and in case of illness, disablement and of incapability of earning his living. The population of our social state is largely subjected to obligations to disclose, tolerate and cooperate. In Civil Right, Social Right and in Labour Law theoretically this cannot be enforced, but it is forced in fact by refusing social and insurance accomplishment. If a young person refuses medical tests, a veto of employment will result. An employee will not get a position in an industrial firm where a medical department had to be established according to the law, or in the public service, if he refuses medical tests. In the attempt to extend the social insurance system to the whole population and to extent medical service in industry to all employees within certain time, there is no longer space for avoiding the social pressure for medical good conduct. Wanting to live a civil life one has to obey those directions. The postulation of lecturers and of High Courts concerning the patients decision on medical examination and treatment has only explanatory value and does not consider medical insurance and labour aspects. Further legal restrictions of this fundamental rights exist in Criminal Law.     

中國食品安全法律制度的新推進

2013年10月9日,江蘇連雲港地溝油案一審判決。這起備受關注的特大地溝油案的主犯王成奎因犯生產、銷售有毒有害食品罪,被判處無期徒刑,剝奪政治權利終身,沒收個人全部財產。這也是地溝油案件中量刑最重的一次。事實上,早在這起食品安全罪案抓住人們眼球前,今年6月,《食品安全法》的修訂已被列入2013年國務院立法規劃。正如國家食品藥品監督管理總局法制司司長徐景和所言,「加快建立起理念更加現代、價值更加和諧、制度更加健全、機制更加完善的食品安全法律制度已是時代發展和社會進步的迫切需要」。「民以食為天」。五千年歷史縱橫,形成了中國獨有的飲食文化。然而,瘦肉精、三聚氰胺等的曝光,卻讓國人的美味餐桌埋下隱患。當運用「重典」成為社會共識,當治理食品安全問題的集結號被高調吹響,新近出臺的司法解釋、量刑從重的典型案例和重拳出擊的專項行動無不堅定了人們對食品安全治理的信心。2010年9月,最高人民法院等4部門發佈通知,要求依法嚴懲危害食品安全的犯罪分子,與危害食品安全相關的職務犯罪分子一般不得適用緩刑,為從重處罰食品安全犯罪奠定了基礎。今年5月,最高人民法院和最高人民檢察院發佈《關於辦理危害食品安全刑事案件適用法律若干問題的解釋》,首次明確界定了生產、銷售不符合安全標準的食品罪和生產銷售有毒、有害食品罪的定罪量刑標準,迎來一片歡呼聲。事後追究的「重典」正在日臻完善,源頭治理環節中也應當建立起嚴格的法律制度。本期特邀請徐景和司長,著眼全局,從企業責任、政府責任、監管機制、社會共治、懲罰舉措等多個方面切入,全面闡述中國食品安全法律制度的完善和發展。     

论村民委员会的性质和职能

村民委员会承担着政治、经济、社会的多种职能,是我国农村社会极其重要的社会主体,但无论是法律规范上,还是实际运作中都没有对其作出清楚准确的定位,导致其性质不清、职能不清、法律人格不清,致使农村社会成为社会矛盾的多发地带,甚至影响到农村经济体制改革的进一步深化。因此,重构村民委员会的性质、职能就成为当务之急。将村民委员会定性为村民自治、协助基层政权、监督集体资产运营的组织,将具体经营管理集体资产的职能剥离出去,赋予其类似于《民法通则》中的事业单位法人地位。     

论空间役权在我国设立的必要性

现代社会,由于土地的分层利用、立体利用日益普遍,空间权制度在国外发达国家和地区纷纷建立。随着《物权法》规定了＂空间建设用地使用权＂,空间权制度在我国迈出了第一步。至于空间役权是否有在我国设立的必要,目前尚有争议。空间役权是空间权制度的重要组成部分,有其自身特殊的存在价值。空间权的设立,一方面是完善我国用益物权制度的需要,地役权和相邻关系都无法替代,另一方面是解决新的空间利用社会问题、促进资源优化配置进而促进经济社会发展的需要。     

On Coase and COVID-19

European Journal of Law and Economics - From an epidemiological perspective, the COVID-19 pandemic is a public health crisis. From an economic perspective, it is an externality and a social cost....     

论刑法学与犯罪学研究的整体互动

在中国,犯罪学与刑法学彼此分离各自为“家”,导致了中国社会过于看重严刑峻法而忽视犯罪原因,使得犯罪虽受到严惩但犯罪情势依然十分严重。如何扭转这一现象,尽快使刑法学惩罚犯罪的研究与犯罪学预防犯罪的研究相互结合,构筑刑法学与犯罪学整体相互联动的格局,是中国社会实现社会稳定的现实政治需要,也是中国社会经济发展的自然要求,更是中国社会通过历史反思对历史的经验与教训进行总结的必然趋势,从而实现使中国的刑事政策从刑事惩罚为主到刑事预防为主的战略转移,刑事法理论对犯罪构成和刑事责任的重点研究为主要转移到对犯罪原因和犯罪预防为主的研究重点上来,以此迎接一个国家繁荣昌盛但犯罪并不猖獗疯狂的时代的到来。