再论社会公共利益的法律保护——案例法的视角

虽然我国法律规定有对社会公共利益的保护制度,但这一制度没有得到足够重视,执法部门在实践中也没有用好这个制度。本文以新近发生的三个事例作为引子,提出社会公共利益是指以社会公众为利益主体的,涉及整个社会最根本的法律原则、道德的一般原则及隐藏于它们之后的与时代相适应的公平正义观念;其具有公众性、普遍性、客观性特点,内容上至少应包含平等、正义和秩序。     

A Comparison of Civil and Criminal Orders of Protection as Remedies for Domestic Violence Victims in a Midwestern County

Past research has identified many potential advantages of civil protection orders as a means of addressing domestic violence without invoking an official response of the criminal justice system. Using data from a Midwestern county, this exploratory study provides a comparison of civil protection orders with orders of protection that are filed in conjunction with a criminal battering arrest. We examine the demographic characteristics of the respondents/defendants and petitioners/victims, the nature of the abuse leading up to the filing of the protection order, the reasons for filing, the terms of the order, location of the offense, and violations of orders. Our findings reveal many similarities between types of orders, in terms of order stipulations, past abuse histories of petitioners/victims, and respondents/defendants’ likelihood of reoffending. The findings also reveal an important difference in the petitioners’ and victims’ reasons for filing; whereas petitioners in civil cases were more likely to identify emotional abuse as the factor leading up to issuance of the order, victims in criminal cases were more likely to document physical abuse. We discuss these findings in the context of victim preference.     

More Harm than Good? The Language of Public Protection

Abstract: Issues of risk and public protection are currently a critical, and politically sensitive, area of practice for probation and youth justice services in England and Wales. The language of public protection shapes practice in significant ways, yet this use of terminology is an issue which has received relatively little attention. This article examines the current debate between policy makers and independent inspectors concerning the use of the terms 'harm' and 'serious harm' to illustrate how linguistic confusion can hinder practice. The article concludes with suggestions for an alternative vocabulary that could bring greater clarity to risk assessment and risk management processes.     

我国地理标志私权保护与模式选择

比较法视域下地理标志的保护主要有专门法、商标法和反不正当竞争法三种保护模式。肯认地理标志的私权属性,衡量其公共政策目标,在分析我国现行法地理标志的保护基础上,选择商标法保护为主,辅之以反不正当竞争法的保护模式,贯彻和落实宪法私权保护之宗旨,以寻求权利人自身利益诉求与公共政策目标之平衡。     

论“饭圈”的法律规制

当下“饭圈”呈现出频繁投诉与举报、非理性消费、数据造假以及组织性的行为失范现象。“饭圈”负面行为的产生与资方控制及平台打榜的主导、艺人与“饭圈”组织者的推动、粉丝的参与及沉浸密切相关。“饭圈”的负面行为违背公序良俗,须进行综合治理。应合理设置平台的内容管理义务、调整刑法对巨额逃税的处罚规则、完善网络举报制度、明确艺人及经纪公司或工作室对粉丝的引导义务。此外,应区分“饭圈”组织者雇主责任、教唆及帮助侵权规则的适用、赋予粉丝组织民事主体身份、家庭内部弘扬优良家风。