Enrolling children in public insurance: SCHIP, Medicaid, and state implementation

The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 established federal grants to the states to create the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP). This presented the states with a number of implementation choices concerning administrative models for the new programs, as well as choices about eligibility standards, enrollment simplification, crowd-out, and cost sharing requirements. At the same time, the states were also implementing welfare reform. We describe the most important of these implementation choices, and using data from the Current Population Survey, we estimate the impacts of state policy on enrollment in this multiprogram environment. The results indicate that SCHIP programs that are administered as Medicaid expansions are more successful than either separate SCHIP plans or combination programs in enrolling children. States that remove asset tests and implement presumptive eligibility and self-declaration of income have higher enrollment levels. Continuous eligibility and adoption of mail-in applications have no effect on overall enrollment. Waiting periods and premiums reduce enrollment. Stringent welfare reform reduces children's enrollment, despite federal policy that was intended to protect children from the consequences of welfare reform. The negative impacts of a number of these policy reforms substantially reduce enrollment, potentially offsetting the more favorable impacts of other policy choices. We estimate that if all states adopted the policy options that facilitate program use, enrollment for children with family incomes less than 200 percent of the poverty line could be raised from the current rate of 42 percent to 58 percent.     

农业保险立法问题研究

农业保险作为现代农业可持续发展的三大支柱之一(农业科技、金融、保险),为世界各国所重视,成为农村经济的"稳定器"和"助推器".农业保险由于在保险标的、可保风险、保险利益、理赔等方面有其特殊性,决定了应建立专门的农业保险法律制度.我国在农业保险的制度构建中应特别谨慎,首先应对农业保险进行准确定性;其次应充分考虑我国的国情合理确定立法宗旨;再者应总结以往办理农业保险的经验与教训,对政府在农业保险中的功能作用准确定位:最后政府还有必要在现有的保险监管机构下面设置专门农业保险监管机构对农业保险进行监管.     

保险受益人指定制度的缺陷、实务与对策

保险受益人虽不是保险合同当事人,但却在保险关系中占据重要地位,由于我国保险受益人指定制度立法的缺陷致使保险实务中出现了许多难题。文章拟通过对受益人指定制度的几个典型实务问题逐一加以分析,以期达到完善我国保险法制、正确指导我国保险实践之目的。     

海上保险立法的国际协调:基础、现状和障碍

探讨了法律协调的含义和动因,分析了海上保险立法国际协调运动的客观基础,并对海上保险立法国际协调运动的现状和当前存在的障碍进行了论述。