ACCESS TO JUSTICE AND THE LIMITS OF LAW

This article examines the relationship between persistent demands for "access to justice" and the relatively low yield of court-oriented social reform strategies. Access to justice has a symbolic attraction which is impossible to deny. Access may not insure justice or social reform, but it is an important political resource from which strategic bargaining advantages may flow. But the importance of the right to participate may be inversely related to its utilization. Beyond a certain level, expanded access may be costly. Its deterrent qualities may be diminished, and the legal system, when overloaded, may be unable to insure delivery of justice.     

THE SPECIALIZATION OF JUSTICE ORGANS AND PROFESSIONALIZATION OF JUSTICE PERSONNEL IN CHINESE JUVENILE CRIMINAL CASES

Juvenile criminal cases should be investigated, prosecuted and judged by specialized organs and full-time personnel China should follow international criminal judicial criteria and implement the relevant laws, such as the Chinese Criminal Procedure Law and the Law on Protection of Minors in China, to promote the specialization of justice organs and the professionalization of justice personnel involved in juvenile criminal cases.     

汉德公式的解读与反思

<正>过失的要义在于不合理。德国民法典第276条第2款规定,过失为未尽交易上必要的注意。如果连起码的注意都未尽到,行为显然是不合理的。美国侵权法将过失界定为"未能(在具体场景下)尽到合理的注意"或者"制造不合理的风险"。在英国,"合理性是过失     

FAMILIES,COURTS, AND THE END OF LIFE: SCHIAVO AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FAMILY JUSTICE SYSTEM

The article discusses a proposed universal adoption of comprehensive family law subject matter jurisdiction, inclusive of end‐of‐life (EOL) cases, as articulated in the unified family court (UFC) concept. It posits, using the Schiavo matter to illustrate the difficulties inherent in EOL disputes, that contested EOL cases are unlike other civil court cases in that they involve intimate facts and emotionally laden family dynamics. As such, these cases pose a distinctive challenge for the courts. The article suggests that contested EOL cases should be heard in a UFC because UFCs include alternative dispute resolution (ADR) protocols to deescalate family strife with the goal of facilitating out‐of‐court settlements and that litigation is an imperfect solution for an EOL dispute. It is also noted that judges presiding in UFCs are more experienced in handling fractious family matters and thus they are more likely to avert protracted litigation if the matter is not settled via ADR.     

中国行政诉讼：多中心主义的司法

<正>在学术界有关司法功能的讨论中,司法被赋予了下述功能中的一种或几种:纠纷的解决者、社会进步的推动者、规则的确立者、民众参与的平台。由于行政诉讼直接触及行政系