Unusual suicide caused by a stab wound in the neck

A case is reported of a man with a deep nape stabwound completely severing the medulla of the spine. A strangely formed bottle neck fragment is the assumed weapon. Further investigations allow a scene reconstruktion, police inquiries throw light on a previous acute psychotic disorder of the suicide.     

深圳市道路交通事故死亡案例特点分析

目的探讨道路交通事故死亡案例特点,为预防事故的发生提供可靠信息和参考数据。方法按照死者性别、年龄、死亡原因、事故发生时间及地点、事故车辆类型等相关参数,对深圳市4184例道路交通事故死亡案例进行回顾性分析。结果事故死亡人员以男性为主,男女比例为2.45∶1;事故在6：00～8：00和18：00～2：00发生最多;72%的案例在城郊主干道发生;死者主要交通行为方式分别为步行占44%,自行车骑车人19%,摩托车驾车人15%;肇事车辆以货车为主;死亡原因83.2%为颅脑损伤死亡,13.3%为多发损伤。结论深圳地区道路交通事故死亡案件具有明显特点,具有可防范性。     

Fatal impalement with transfixion of the neck in a road traffic accident

The authors describe a singular case of fatal impalement due to penetration of a metal tube at the level of the neck in a victim of a road traffic accident. The man was traveling in the passenger seat ("death seat") of a car that hit the parapet of a bridge head on; death was attributed to hemorrhagic shock, which was brought on virtually instantly at the moment of impact.     

交通事故致股骨颈骨折伤残评定时机探讨

股骨颈骨折是交通事故较常见的损伤之一,其诊断并不困难,治疗方法也多种多样。目前临床上尚无一种公认最佳的处理方案,并且该骨折的愈合过程及预后情况差异很大,股骨头坏死的发生率较高,且股骨头坏死的明确诊断一般要在伤后数月甚至更长时间才能确定。因股骨颈骨折申请伤残评定的伤者普遍担心伤残评定后是否会发生股骨头坏死,因此,如何掌握股骨颈骨折伤残评定的最佳时机,是伤残评定人员常常感到非常棘手的问题。笔者通过对近三年来因交通事故致股骨颈骨折来我处要求伤残评定的87例伤者愈后情况进行详细分析,探讨如何科学合理地判定伤残评定最佳时机,最大限度减少伤者经济上的损失,更好地为交通事故损害赔偿提供科学依据,以便促进今后的伤残评定工作。分析报告如下：     

交通事故致股骨颈骨折伤残评定时机探讨

股骨颈骨折是交通事故较常见的损伤之一 ,其诊断并不困难 ,治疗方法也多种多样。目前临床上尚无一种公认最佳的处理方案 ,并且该骨折的愈合过程及预后情况差异很大 ,股骨头坏死的发生率较高 ,且股骨头坏死的明确诊断一般要在伤后数月甚至更长时间才能确定。因股骨颈骨折申请伤残评定的伤者普遍担心伤残评定后是否会发生股骨头坏死 ,因此 ,如何掌握股骨颈骨折伤残评定的最佳时机 ,是伤残评定人员常常感到非常棘手的问题。笔者通过对近三年来因交通事故致股骨颈骨折来我处要求伤残评定的 87例伤者愈后情况进行详细分析 ,探讨如何科学合理地判…     

Unusual findings in a death caused by a car fire

Witnesses detected a burning car in the parking lot next to a discotheque in the early morning hours. After the fire had been extinguished, the charred body of the 23-year-old car owner was found in the driver's seat. The young man had been a guest of the discotheque the previous night and consumed plenty of alcoholic drinks. The traces left by the fire on the car suggested that the fire had started in the passenger compartment. At autopsy, greyish-brown discoloration and induration of the mucosa of the respiratory tract were found in addition to massive aspiration of soot and signs of soot swallowing. The macroscopic and histological findings pointed to a chemical burn of the airways probably caused by chlorine gases developing when the covering of the passenger compartment was burning. Chemical burns due to inhalation, aspiration and swallowing of soot are all signs of vitality, so that a smoldering fire must have gone on for a while inside the car with the windows closed. The most probable cause of the fire is that clothing or textile material in the car was set on fire by a burning cigarette.     

Unusual suicide by mechanical neck compression

A 36-year-old man was found dead with his neck being jammed between the hydraulic tail lift and the side wall of a truck. Based on the investigations, the technical facilities of the tail lift, the results of the postmortem examination and the autopsy it could be demonstrated that the victim, who suffered drom depression, had intentionally brought himself into this position and committed suicide by compression of the neck. The pathomorphological findings and the technical reconstruction of this unusual death are presented.     

Unusual injuries caused by blows with a sash saw

A 62-year old man was found killed by multiple blows against the face and head; near the victim a hammer with broken grip, a bended saw (weight 142 g), and in the possession of the doer two hatchets. Some straigt, parallel, horizontal wounds in the face with smooth lips and straigt incisions of the maxilla first were interpreted as violations by hatchet. The culprit confessed attacks by hammer and saw, but not by hatchet. Experimental blows with a saw like the used on the leg of a corpse showed an unexpected result: it was possible to produce wounds of the soft-tissues and the bone similar to those by hatchets.     

Unusual motor ability in gunshot injury of the heart caused by a shotgun

In a case of shotgun-injury of the heart with complete rupture of both ventricles and lesion of the aorta the victim was able to move a few metres in approximately six seconds. Despite other opinions ability to move or act can be maintained in cases of severest injuries of the heart caused by missiles with high energy.     

Unusual fatalities caused by glass splinter injury]

In the case of a thorax stab wound and an intrapulmonal position of the glass fragment (fall from a ladder into a glass door) an extrathoracic cardiac massage had been carried out. The result of which, an extremely unusual "reanimationtrauma" and the problems connected with it are discussed. In another case of a stab wound of the right iliacal vessels and the position of the glass fragment in the minor pelvis (jump through a thermopane glass of a door, followed by a fight) investigations were first conducted because of the suspicion of manslaughter. The autopsy, however, completely excluded death through fault of another. Further an unusual figured glass cut wound on the left side of the head (fall into a glass brick wall) led to death through gradual bleeding. The question arose whether death was caused by failure to give assistance.     

Intraventricular hemorrhage originating from choroid plexus angioma in a road accident victim

A 76-year-old woman sustained severe multiple injuries when hit by a car. During the treatment a massive intraventricular hemorrhage was found by computer tomography. The postmortem examination revealed no craniocerebral injuries except for a small contused wound of the scalp. Microscopic examinations revealed a choroid plexus angioma in the lateral ventricle as the cause of the hemorrhage into cerebral ventricles.     

A traffic accident caused by fatigue failure of axle

An investigation of a traffic accident involving a tractor-trailer and a passenger car that were traveling at high speed is presented. The cause was the fracture of a trailer axle. The investigation showed that the fracture was because of the fatigue failure. In addition, cracks were found in the remaining three trailer wheels. Hardness measurements showed that, because of inadequate heat treatment of the metal, they were prone to failure.     

331例交通事故致行人死亡四肢损伤特征的法医学分析

目的分析城市道路交通事故致死行人四肢损伤的特征。方法收集本区2016年至2018年交通事故行人死亡资料,对四肢损伤情况进行统计学分析。结果 331例城市道路交通事故致行人死亡案例中,死者以男性居多;机动车(不包含摩托车)、摩托车所致行人体表损伤以擦挫伤(包括擦伤、擦挫伤)为主,电动车所致体表损伤以皮下出血(挫伤)为主,占体表损伤71.8%(P <0.05);机动车骨折率最高(35.5%,P <0.05),电动车骨折率极低(3.7%,P <0.05),四肢多发骨折好发于机动车,四肢骨折好发于左侧。结论通过对行人四肢损伤特征的分析,在一定程度上为无目击者或肇事逃逸交通事故处理提供一定帮助。     

Deep incisional neck injuries caused by an electric knife

Electric knives, due to the double blades swinging in opposite directions, have a high injury potential. Tissues such as skin can be cut smoothly without cutting motion and with only little pressure. Authors report on the case of a woman of 47 years who cut herself deeply on both sides of her neck with an electric knife, slightly carving a notch into the larynx and a cervical vertebra and opening large blood vessels. With respect to the extent of injuries the capacity to act had to be questioned. However, considering the absence of venous air embolism and the peculiarity of the tool it had to be assumed that the capacity to act lasted for a short time.     

Sports accident or natural death? Hematocephalus internus caused by rupture of a choroid plexus angioma

This is a case report of a young policeman who collapsed in the course of a football game. He died seven days later due to a massive intraventricular hemorrhage that resulted in internal hematocephalus. The source of the bleeding was obviously a bilateral angioma of the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricles.     

The influence of car and driver stereotypes on attributions of vehicle speed,position on the road and culpability in a road accident scenario

Purpose. Laymen and legal professionals frequently make decisions on the culpability of drivers involved in collisions on the basis of incomplete and inconsistent information. Could attributions based on car and driver stereotypes influence decisions on culpability? Methods. In Experiment 1, ratings were collected on the perceived on‐road aggressiveness of drivers of different age and gender, and for models and colours of motorcars driven. In Experiment 2, participants read an accident scenario involving two cars and were asked to estimate relative speed, position on the road and blame. The ages of the drivers, colours, make and model of car driven were manipulated using the aggressiveness ratings collected in Experiment 1. In Experiment 3, participants read another scenario and were again invited to allocate blame; colour, model of car and driver's age were varied systematically to establish the relative contribution of the different elements of the stereotype. Results. Combinations of colour, car and driver rated high on aggression were judged as travelling faster, being further across the road and more likely to be the cause of an accident than those rated low on these dimensions. Conclusions. Pre‐existing car and driver stereotypes have a demonstrable influence on judgments of driver behaviour from conflicting accident statements. The possible implications for the handling of accident claims and legal cases are discussed.     

拳击颈部致甲状软骨骨折1例

2000年9月12日早上9时,马某(男,40岁)颈部被他人拳击后(一拳)当即感到声音嘶哑.伤后 8小时到某医院住院治疗.入院检查:生命体征平稳,颈正中红肿,于甲状软骨向左侧推动时可闻及骨擦感,向右侧推动略受限,喉咽部急性弥漫性充血,会厌舌面、喉面均充血,无明显肿胀,双侧声带运动对称.次日CT检查示:甲状软骨左前端线形骨折,伴披裂及声带增厚肿胀(以右声带增厚最显著).临床诊断:外伤性甲状软骨骨折,喉挫伤.当天法医学检验 :喉结部位见皮下出血一处,大小3 cm × 4 cm ,声嘶,未见呼吸困难.半月后复检:声音恢复正常.     

拳击颈部致甲状软骨骨折1例

20 0 0年 9月 12日早上 9时 ,马某 (男 ,40岁 )颈部被他人拳击后 (一拳 )当即感到声音嘶哑。伤后 8小时到某医院住院治疗。入院检查 :生命体征平稳 ,颈正中红肿 ,于甲状软骨向左侧推动时可闻及骨擦感 ,向右侧推动略受限 ,喉咽部急性弥漫性充血 ,会厌舌面、喉面均充血 ,无明显肿胀 ,双侧声带运动对称。次日ＣＴ检查示 :甲状软骨左前端线形骨折 ,伴披裂及声带增厚肿胀 (以右声带增厚最显著 )。临床诊断 :外伤性甲状软骨骨折 ,喉挫伤。当天法医学检验 :喉结部位见皮下出血一处 ,大小 3ｃｍ× 4ｃｍ ,声嘶 ,未见呼吸困难。半月后复检 :声音恢复…     

Unusual skin lesions mimicking bruises caused by Pseudomonas septicemia secondary to undiagnosed peripheral T-cell lymphoma in a young woman

We present a case of a 30-year-old woman with learning difficulties who was found dead at home by her mother. Her body was partially naked and covered in a number of unusual skin lesions with a targetoid appearance with red erythematous centers and well-delineated halos of pallor. These lesions were initially thought to be bruises by the police and by a forensic postmortem instigated. Postmortem examination also identified hepatosplenomegaly, severe lymphadenopathy, and focal patchy colonic ulceration. Histologic examination of the skin and bowel ulcers showed the lesions to be areas of infarction caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa vasculitis. Pseudomonas was also cultured from the swabs of the abdomen, the spleen, and the blood cultures. Histologic findings of the lymph nodes showed complete effacement of the normal architecture by a population of pleomorphic small lymphoid cells. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the predominant cell type to be T-cells. The diagnosis of peripheral T-cell lymphoma was made. The cause of death was given as Pseudomonas septicemia secondary to immunocompromise resulting from the undiagnosed peripheral T-cell lymphoma. The pathogenesis of Pseudomonas and its association with malignancy is discussed along with a brief review of peripheral T-cell lymphomas. This case report demonstrates the characteristic macroscopic appearance of cutaneous Pseudomonas-associated lesions and how they can be misinterpreted as bruises.     

脑外伤所致精神障碍与道路交通事故伤残评定

目的 探索道路交通事故伤残评定中脑外伤所致精神障碍的临床症状特点、影响因素及鉴定中应注意的问题。方法 回溯即往一年半的鉴定资料，根据CCMD-3器质性精神障碍的症状分类对被鉴定人临床表现进行整理归纳。整理被鉴定人颅脑受伤的类型，统计分析评定时机及评定结论。结果 65例样本纳入本研究，平均评定时机10．23&#177;7．2个月，临床主要表现为智能和记忆损害，人格改变和神经症样综合征占有较大的比例，精神病性障碍和情感障碍较少，未见意识障碍和癔症样障碍，Logistic回归分析显示智能损害的严重程度及精神病性障碍与伤残等级负相关。结论 智能和记忆障碍在脑外伤所致精神障碍的道路交通事故伤残评定中具有重要的地位，一般应在伤后六个月才宜进行伤残评定。